In the biblical narrative, wild animals and cattle hold significant roles, both symbolically and practically. They are often mentioned in the context of creation, dominion, sacrifice, and divine provision.

Creation and Dominion

The account of creation in Genesis highlights the intentional design and order established by God. On the sixth day, God created the beasts of the earth, including wild animals and cattle. Genesis 1:24-25 states, "And God said, 'Let the earth bring forth living creatures according to their kinds: livestock, creatures that move along the ground, and wild animals, each according to its kind.' And it was so." This passage underscores the diversity and abundance of life that God brought into existence.

Humans were given dominion over these creatures, as seen in Genesis 1:26 : "Then God said, 'Let Us make man in Our image, after Our likeness, to rule over the fish of the sea and the birds of the air, over the livestock, and over all the earth itself and every creature that crawls upon it.'" This dominion implies stewardship and responsibility, reflecting humanity's role as caretakers of God's creation.

Symbolism and Sacrifice

Wild animals and cattle are frequently used symbolically throughout Scripture. In the Psalms, they often represent the untamed and powerful aspects of creation. Psalm 50:10-11 declares, "For every beast of the forest is Mine—the cattle on a thousand hills. I know every bird in the mountains, and the creatures of the field are Mine." This passage emphasizes God's sovereignty and ownership over all creation.

Cattle, in particular, were central to the sacrificial system established in the Old Testament. They were used in various offerings, including burnt offerings and peace offerings, as a means of atonement and worship. Leviticus 1:3 instructs, "If one's offering is a burnt offering from the herd, he is to offer an unblemished male. He must present it at the entrance to the Tent of Meeting, that he may be accepted by the LORD." The requirement for an unblemished animal signifies the need for purity and holiness in approaching God.

Divine Provision and Judgment

Wild animals and cattle also illustrate God's provision and judgment. In the wilderness, God provided quail and manna for the Israelites, demonstrating His care and sustenance (Exodus 16:13-15). Conversely, wild animals are sometimes depicted as instruments of divine judgment. In 2 Kings 17:25 , after the Israelites were exiled, the land was filled with lions, which attacked the new inhabitants, symbolizing God's displeasure with their idolatry.

Eschatological Imagery

In prophetic and eschatological literature, wild animals and cattle are used to convey future peace and restoration. Isaiah 11:6-7 envisions a harmonious kingdom: "The wolf will live with the lamb, and the leopard will lie down with the goat; the calf and young lion and fattened calf will be together, and a little child will lead them. The cow will graze with the bear, their young will lie down together, and the lion will eat straw like the ox." This imagery reflects the ultimate reconciliation and peace that will characterize God's renewed creation.

Throughout the Bible, wild animals and cattle serve as reminders of God's creative power, His provision, and the responsibility entrusted to humanity. They are integral to the biblical narrative, illustrating themes of dominion, sacrifice, judgment, and redemption.