Strong's Lexicon epikeimai: To lie upon, to be laid upon, to press upon, to be imposed Original Word: ἐπίκειμαι Word Origin: From the preposition ἐπί (epi, meaning "upon" or "over") and the verb κεῖμαι (keimai, meaning "to lie" or "to be laid"). Corresponding Greek / Hebrew Entries: While there is no direct Hebrew equivalent for "epikeimai," similar concepts can be found in Hebrew words like "שָׁכַב" (shakab, Strong's H7901), meaning "to lie down," and "עָלָה" (alah, Strong's H5927), meaning "to go up" or "to ascend," which can imply something being placed upon. Usage: The verb "epikeimai" is used in the New Testament to describe something that is physically placed upon or rests upon something else. It can also convey the idea of pressure or burden, whether literal or metaphorical. The term is often used to describe physical objects lying upon one another, but it can also refer to more abstract concepts such as laws or obligations that are imposed upon individuals. Cultural and Historical Background: In the Greco-Roman world, the concept of something being "laid upon" or "imposed" was common in both physical and legal contexts. Objects were often placed upon altars or tables, and legal obligations or taxes were imposed upon citizens. The use of "epikeimai" in the New Testament reflects these cultural understandings, illustrating both physical actions and the imposition of spiritual or moral duties. NAS Exhaustive Concordance Word Originfrom epi and keimai Definition to lie on NASB Translation am under (1), assailing (1), imposed (1), insistent (1), lying (1), placed (1), pressing around (1). Thayer's Greek Lexicon STRONGS NT 1945: ἐπίκειμαιἐπίκειμαι; imperfect ἐπεκειμην; to lie upon or over, rest upon, be laid or placed upon; a. properly: ἐπί τίνι, John 11:38; namely, on the burning coals, John 21:9. b. figuratively, α. of things: of the pressure of a violent tempest, χειμῶνος ἐπικειμένου, Acts 27:20 (Plutarch, Timol. 28, 7); ἀνάγκη μοι ἐπίκειται, is laid upon me, 1 Corinthians 9:16 (Homer, Iliad 6, 458); ἐπικείμενα, of observances imposed on a man by law, Hebrews 9:10 (cf. Winer's Grammar, 635 (589)]. β. of men; to press upon, to be urgent: with the dative of person Luke 5:1; ἐπέκειντο αἰτούμενοι, Luke 23:23 (πολλῷ μᾶλλον ἐπέκειτο ἀξιῶν, Josephus, Antiquities 18, 6, 6; μᾶλλον ἐπέκειντο βλασφημοῦντες, 20, 5, 3). STRONGS NT 1945a: ἐπικέλλωἐπικέλλω: (1 aorist ἐπεκειλα); to run a ship ashore, to bring to land; so from Homer, Odyssey 9, 148 down; ἐπέκειλαν (R G ἐπώκειλαν) τήν ναῦν, Acts 27:41 L T Tr WH; but in opposition see Meyer at the passage (Cf. B. D. American edition, p. 3009.) STRONGS NT 1945b: ἐπικεφάλαιον [ἐπικεφάλαιον, ἐπικεφαλαιου, τό, head-money, poll-tax, (Aristotle, oec. 2, p. 1346{a}, 4 and 1348{a}, 32): Mark 12:14 WH (rejected) marginal reading for κῆνσον (others). From epi and keimai; to rest upon (literally or figuratively) -- impose, be instant, (be) laid (there-, up-)on, (when) lay (on), lie (on), press upon. see GREEK epi see GREEK keimai Englishman's Concordance Luke 5:1 V-PNM/PGRK: τὸν ὄχλον ἐπικεῖσθαι αὐτῷ καὶ NAS: the crowd was pressing around Him and listening KJV: the people pressed upon him INT: the crowd pressed on him also Luke 23:23 V-IIM/P-3P John 11:38 V-IIM/P-3S John 21:9 V-PPM/P-ANS Acts 27:20 V-PPM/P-GMS 1 Corinthians 9:16 V-PIM/P-3S Hebrews 9:10 V-PPM/P-NNP Strong's Greek 1945 |
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