2274. héttaomai

Lexicon

héttaomai: To be defeated, to be inferior, to be overcome

Original Word: ἡττάομαι
Part of Speech: Verb
Transliteration: héttaomai
Pronunciation: hayt-tah'-om-ahee
Phonetic Spelling: (hayt-tah'-o)
Definition: To be defeated, to be inferior, to be overcome
Meaning: I am defeated, am overcome, am made inferior.

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance

be inferior, overcome.

From the same as hetton; to make worse, i.e. Vanquish (literally or figuratively); by implication, to rate lower -- be inferior, overcome.

see GREEK hetton

NAS Exhaustive Concordance

Word Origin
from the same as héssón
Definition
to be inferior
NASB Translation
overcome (2), treated as inferior (1).

Thayer's Greek Lexicon

STRONGS NT 2274: ἡσσάομαι

ἡσσάομαι, see ἡττάω and under the word Sigma.

STRONGS NT 2274: ἡττάωἡττάω: (ἥττων); to make less, inferior, to overcome (the active is only in Polybius, Diodorus, Josephus, Antiquities 12, 7, 1 (other examples in Veitch, under the word)); passive ἡττάομαι, from (Sophocles and) Herodotus down; perfect ή῾ττημαι; 1 aorist ἡττήθην (ἡσσωθην, 2 Corinthians 12:13 L T Tr WH; in opposed to which form cf. Fritzsche, De conform. N. T. crit. quam Lachmann edition, p. 32 (yet see Kuenen and Cobet, N. T. ad fid. Vat., p. xc.; WHs Appendix, p. 166; Buttmann, 59 (52); Veitch, under the word)); to be made inferior; to be overcome, worsted: in war, ὑπό τίνος, 2 Macc. 10:24; universally, τίνι (cf. Buttmann, 168 (147); Winer's Grammar, 219 (206)), to be conquered by one, forced to yield to one, 2 Peter 2:19; absolutely, 2 Peter 2:20. τί ὑπέρ τινα, equivalent to ἧττον ἔχω τί, to hold a thing inferior, set below (on the accusative (ὁ) cf. Buttmann, § 131, 10; and on the comparitive use of ὑπέρ see ὑπέρ, II. 2 b.), 2 Corinthians 12:13.

Topical Lexicon

Word Origin: Middle voice of a derivative of the same as ἥσσων (hēssōn, Strong's 2276), which means "less" or "inferior."

Corresponding Greek / Hebrew Entries: While there is no direct Hebrew equivalent for ἡττάομαι, similar concepts can be found in Hebrew words that convey defeat or subjugation, such as:
• כָּשַׁל (kashal, Strong's 3782): To stumble, to be feeble, to be overthrown.
• נָפַל (naphal, Strong's 5307): To fall, to be cast down, to fail.

These Hebrew terms, like ἡττάομαι, reflect the broader biblical theme of human frailty and the need for divine assistance to overcome moral and spiritual challenges.

Usage: The term ἡττάομαι is used in the New Testament to describe a state of being defeated or overcome, often in a moral or spiritual sense. It implies a condition of being made lesser or inferior, either through personal failure or external circumstances.

Context: The Greek verb ἡττάομαι appears in the New Testament in contexts that convey the idea of defeat or being overcome, particularly in a moral or spiritual sense. This term is used to describe situations where individuals or groups find themselves in a state of inferiority or subjugation, often due to moral failings or spiritual weaknesses.

In 2 Peter 2:19, the term is used to describe those who promise freedom but are themselves slaves to corruption, highlighting the paradox of being overcome by what one is enslaved to: "They promise them freedom, while they themselves are slaves to corruption. For a man is a slave to whatever has overcome him." (BSB)

The concept of ἡττάομαι is significant in understanding the Christian perspective on spiritual warfare and moral integrity. It underscores the importance of vigilance and reliance on divine strength to avoid being overcome by sin or worldly influences. The term serves as a warning against complacency and the dangers of succumbing to temptations that lead to spiritual defeat.

Forms and Transliterations

ησσωθητε ἡσσώθητε ηττάσθε ηττηθέντες ηττήθη ηττήθησαν ηττηθήσεσθε ηττηθήσεται ηττηθήσονται ηττήθητε ηττήσεις ηττηται ήττηται ἥττηται ηττωνται ηττώνται ἡττῶνται essothete ēssōthēte ettetai ēttētai ettontai ēttōntai hessothete hessṓthete hēssōthēte hēssṓthēte hettetai hēttētai hḗttetai hḗttētai hettontai hettôntai hēttōntai hēttō̂ntai

Englishman's Concordance

2 Corinthians 12:13 V-AIP-2P
GRK: ἐστιν ὃ ἡσσώθητε ὑπὲρ τὰς
NAS: For in what respect were you treated as inferior to the rest
KJV: wherein ye were inferior to
INT: is it that you were inferior beyond the

2 Peter 2:19 V-RIM/P-3S
GRK: γάρ τις ἥττηται τούτῳ δεδούλωται
NAS: a man is overcome, by this
KJV: of whom a man is overcome, of the same
INT: indeed anyone has been subdued by that he is held in bondage

2 Peter 2:20 V-PIM/P-3P
GRK: πάλιν ἐμπλακέντες ἡττῶνται γέγονεν αὐτοῖς
NAS: entangled in them and are overcome, the last
INT: again having been entangled they are subdued has become to them

Strong's Greek 2274
3 Occurrences

ἡσσώθητε — 1 Occ.
ἥττηται — 1 Occ.
ἡττῶνται — 1 Occ.