Lexical Summary mignumi: To mix, mingle Original Word: μίγνυμι Strong's Exhaustive Concordance mingle. A primary verb; to mix -- mingle. NAS Exhaustive Concordance Word Origina prim. verb Definition to mix NASB Translation mixed (4). Thayer's Greek Lexicon STRONGS NT 3396: μίγνυμιμίγνυμι and μίσγω: 1 aorist ἐμιξα; perfect passive participle μεμιγμενος; from Homer down; to mix, mingle: τί τίνι, one thing with another, Revelation 8:7 Rec.; Topical Lexicon Meaning and EssenceThe verb translated “mixed” or “mingled” describes the combining of two or more elements into one composite whole. In Scripture its use is never casual; it always points to a significant interaction—whether of blood and sacrifice, drink and bitter gall, or judgment and fire. Each occurrence underscores how God employs mixtures either to expose human cruelty, to reveal redemptive purpose, or to execute righteous wrath. Occurrences in the New Testament • Luke 13:1. “Pilate had mixed their blood with their sacrifices.” The violent union of human blood with sacrificial blood intensifies the offense, portraying civil oppression invading sacred worship. Jesus’ response (Luke 13:2-5) turns the incident into a call for universal repentance, showing that tragedies, however shocking, are instruments to awaken conscience. • Matthew 27:34. “They offered Him wine to drink, mixed with gall.” The customary stupefying draught for condemned criminals is laced with bitterness. By tasting yet refusing, Jesus embraces conscious suffering, affirming His full, willing participation in atonement (Hebrews 2:17). • Revelation 8:7. “Hail and fire mixed with blood were hurled to the earth.” Echoing the seventh Egyptian plague (Exodus 9:24), the first trumpet signals cataclysmic judgment during the last days. The mixture of hail, fire, and blood dramatizes the severity and undeniability of divine retribution. • Revelation 15:2. “I saw something like a sea of glass mixed with fire.” The redeemed stand beside this crystalline expanse suffused with flame, symbolizing purity refined by trial. Their victory song (Revelation 15:3-4) affirms that judgment and salvation coexist in the righteous acts of God. Old Testament and Jewish Background The idea of mingling frequently appears in the Septuagint: drink offerings mixed with oil (Exodus 29:40), wine mixed with myrrh (Proverbs 9:2), or judgment metaphors (Psalm 75:8). Such passages prepare readers for the New Testament’s heightened theological use, where mixtures become vivid signs of either covenant blessing or covenant curse. Theological Themes 1. Judgment Intensified Each apocalyptic usage ties mixture to escalating wrath, showing that when evil reaches fullness, God’s judgments are correspondingly compounded. 2. Suffering Accepted The mingled drink at Golgotha contrasts Roman mercy (anesthetic) with prophetic fulfillment (Psalm 69:21, “They gave me gall for my food”). Christ refuses dilution of suffering, ensuring an undiminished sacrifice. 3. Worship Contaminated versus Worship Purified Pilate’s atrocity defiled sacrificial worship, whereas the sea of glass depicts worship purified by fiery testing. The contrast calls believers to guard the sanctity of worship. 4. Separation versus Compromise The verb’s very nature—joining distinct elements—highlights the danger of spiritual compromise (“Do not be unequally yoked,” 2 Corinthians 6:14) and the blessing of holy integration (faith working through love). Applications for Ministry • Preaching Repentance. Luke 13:1-5 encourages using contemporary tragedies as impetus for self-examination rather than speculation on others’ sin. • Preparing Saints for Suffering. Matthew 27:34 reminds congregations that authentic discipleship sometimes refuses the numbing shortcuts the world provides. • Teaching Eschatology. Revelation 8 and 15 supply concrete imagery for end-time lessons, balancing the terror of judgment with the hope of ultimate victory. • Guarding Corporate Worship. Pilate’s sacrilege urges church leaders to uphold reverence and to resist political or cultural pollutants that would mingle with gospel purity. Summary Across four strategic settings—historical atrocity, crucifixion, the trumpet judgments, and the heavenly throne room—the verb translated “mixed” exposes the clash or convergence of elements in God’s redemptive drama. Whether revealing sin’s contamination, Messiah’s obedience, or the mingled fire of end-time vindication, each occurrence magnifies the sovereignty, holiness, and redemptive purpose of the Lord. Forms and Transliterations εμίγησαν έμιξε εμιξεν έμιξεν ἔμιξεν μεμιγμενα μεμιγμένα μεμιγμενην μεμιγμένην μεμιγμενον μεμιγμένον μίγνυται μίχθητε emixen émixen memigmena memigména memigmenen memigmenēn memigménen memigménēn memigmenon memigménonLinks Interlinear Greek • Interlinear Hebrew • Strong's Numbers • Englishman's Greek Concordance • Englishman's Hebrew Concordance • Parallel TextsEnglishman's Concordance Matthew 27:34 V-RPM/P-ANSGRK: μετὰ χολῆς μεμιγμένον καὶ γευσάμενος NAS: to drink mixed with gall; KJV: vinegar to drink mingled with gall: INT: with gall mingled and having tasted Luke 13:1 V-AIA-3S Revelation 8:7 V-RPM/P-NNP Revelation 15:2 V-RPM/P-AFS Strong's Greek 3396 |
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