5097. timóreó

Lexicon

timóreó: To punish, to avenge, to vindicate

Original Word: τιμωρέω
Part of Speech: Verb
Transliteration: timóreó
Pronunciation: tee-mo-reh'-o
Phonetic Spelling: (tim-o-reh'-o)
Definition: To punish, to avenge, to vindicate
Meaning: I punish, avenge myself on.

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance

punish.

From a comparative of time and ouros (a guard); properly, to protect one's honor, i.e. To avenge (inflict a penalty) -- punish.

see GREEK time

HELPS Word-studies

5097 timōréō (from 5092 /timḗ, "perceived worth" and ouros, "a guardian") – to act as guardian with the authority to also mete out punishment (literally, assign due retribution) – as it seems best in the eyes of the punisher. See also the root, 5092 /timḗ ("perceived value").

NAS Exhaustive Concordance

Word Origin
perhaps from timé and arnumai (to exact atonment)
Definition
to punish, avenge
NASB Translation
punished (2).

Thayer's Greek Lexicon

STRONGS NT 5097: τιμωρέω

τιμωρέω, τιμώρω; 1 aorist passive ἐτιμωρήθην; (from τιμωρός, and this from τιμή and οὐρός, see θυρωρός); from Sophocles and Herodotus down; properly, to be a guardian or avenger of honor; hence,

1. to succor, come to the help of:τίνι, one, Sophocles, Herodotus, Thucydides, others,

2. to avenge: τίνι, one, Herodotus, Xenophon, others.

3. in the N. T. τιμώρω τινα, to take vengeance on one, to punish: Acts 22:5; Acts 26:11 (Sophocles O. R. 107; in Greek writings the middle is more common in this sense).

Topical Lexicon

Word Origin: From the Greek words τιμή (timē), meaning "honor" or "value," and ὁράω (horaō), meaning "to see" or "to look upon." The compound suggests the idea of "seeing to honor" or "upholding honor."

Corresponding Greek / Hebrew Entries: • H5358 נָקַם (naqam): To avenge, take vengeance, or punish. This Hebrew term is often used in the Old Testament to describe God's retributive justice.
• H8199 שָׁפַט (shaphat): To judge, govern, or vindicate. It is used to describe the act of rendering justice or making judicial decisions.

These Hebrew terms share thematic similarities with τιμωρέω, emphasizing the concepts of justice, retribution, and the upholding of divine law.

Usage: The verb τιμωρέω is used in the New Testament to describe the act of avenging or punishing, often in the context of divine or judicial retribution. It is associated with the concept of justice being served in response to an offense or sin.

Context: The term τιμωρέω appears in the New Testament in contexts where justice and retribution are central themes. It is used to describe actions taken to uphold justice, often in response to wrongdoing or sin. The concept of τιμωρέω is closely linked to the divine justice of God, who is portrayed as the ultimate judge and avenger of wrongs.

In the Berean Standard Bible, the term is used in passages that emphasize the seriousness of sin and the necessity of justice. For example, in Acts 22:5, Paul recounts his former zeal in persecuting Christians, stating, "as also the high priest and the whole Council of elders can testify. I obtained letters from them to their brothers in Damascus, and I went there to bring these people as prisoners to Jerusalem to be punished (τιμωρέω)." Here, the term is used to describe the intended punishment of Christians, reflecting the legal and judicial context of the time.

The concept of τιμωρέω is not limited to human justice but extends to divine retribution. In Hebrews 10:29, the author warns of the severe punishment awaiting those who reject the Son of God: "How much more severely do you think one deserves to be punished (τιμωρέω) who has trampled on the Son of God, profaned the blood of the covenant that sanctified him, and insulted the Spirit of grace?" This passage underscores the gravity of apostasy and the certainty of divine justice.

The use of τιμωρέω in the New Testament reflects a broader biblical theme of justice and retribution, where God is depicted as the righteous judge who will ultimately vindicate His people and punish the wicked. It serves as a reminder of the moral order established by God and the consequences of violating it.

Forms and Transliterations

ετιμωρήσατο τιμωρηθωσιν τιμωρηθώσιν τιμωρηθῶσιν τιμωρήσομαι τιμωρήσομαί τιμωρούμενον τιμωρων τιμωρών τιμωρῶν timorethosin timorethôsin timōrēthōsin timōrēthō̂sin timoron timorôn timōrōn timōrō̂n

Englishman's Concordance

Acts 22:5 V-ASP-3P
GRK: Ἰερουσαλὴμ ἵνα τιμωρηθῶσιν
NAS: as prisoners to be punished.
KJV: Jerusalem, for to be punished.
INT: Jerusalem in order that they might be punished

Acts 26:11 V-PPA-NMS
GRK: συναγωγὰς πολλάκις τιμωρῶν αὐτοὺς ἠνάγκαζον
NAS: And as I punished them often in all
KJV: against [them].And I punished them oft
INT: synagogues often punishing them I compelled [them]

Strong's Greek 5097
2 Occurrences

τιμωρηθῶσιν — 1 Occ.
τιμωρῶν — 1 Occ.