Strong's Lexicon phthanó: To come, to arrive, to attain, to precede Original Word: φθάνω Word Origin: A primary verb Corresponding Greek / Hebrew Entries: While there is no direct Hebrew equivalent for "phthanó," the concept of arriving or reaching is present in Hebrew verbs like נָגַע (naga, Strong's H5060) meaning "to reach" or "to touch." Usage: The Greek verb "phthanó" primarily means to come or to arrive at a particular place or state. It can also imply reaching or attaining something, often with the nuance of arriving before or preceding others. In the New Testament, it is used to describe both physical arrival and metaphorical attainment. Cultural and Historical Background: In the Greco-Roman world, travel and communication were slower than today, making the concept of arriving or reaching a destination significant. The term "phthanó" would have been understood in the context of journeys, both literal and spiritual. The idea of preceding or arriving before others could also carry connotations of honor or priority in a culture that valued status and achievement. HELPS Word-studies 5348 phthánō – properly, precede, arrive ahead of time, i.e. before something which indicates priority in importance or sequence. NAS Exhaustive Concordance Word Origina prim. verb Definition to come before (another), anticipate, arrive NASB Translation arrive (1), attained (1), come (3), first to come (1), precede (1). Thayer's Greek Lexicon STRONGS NT 5348: φθάνωφθάνω: 1 aorist ἔφθασα (Winer's Grammar, § 15 under the word); perfect ἐφθακα (1 Thessalonians 2:16 L text WH marginal reading); from Homer down; 1. to come before, precede, anticipate: ἡμεῖς οὐ μή φθάσωμεν (see μή, IV. 2) τούς κοιμηθέντας, we shall not get the start of those who have fallen asleep, i. e. we shall not attain to the fellowship of Christ sooner than the dead, nor have precedence in blessedness, 1 Thessalonians 4:15; ἔφθασεν ἐπ' αὐτούς ἡ ὀργή, (God's penal) wrath came upon them unexpectedly, 1 Thessalonians 2:16; ἔφθασεν ἐφ' ὑμᾶς ἡ βασιλεία τοῦ Θεοῦ, the kingdom of God has come upon you sooner than you expected, Matthew 12:28; Luke 11:20; (but all the preceding examples except the first are referred by the majority of recent interpretations to the following heading; — a meaning especially common when the verb is construed with prepositions). 2. in the Alex. (and other later) writings the idea of priority disappears, to come to, arrive at: εἰς τί, Philippians 3:16; to reach, attain to, a thing, Romans 9:31; ἄχρι τίνος, 2 Corinthians 10:14; (τίνι, to a thing, Tobit 5:19; ἕως τοῦ οὐρανοῦ, Test xii. Patr., p. 530 (i. e. test. Rub. 5 at the end); ἡ μεγαλωσύνη σου ἐμεγαλύνθη καί ἔφθασεν εἰς τόν οὐρανόν, Daniel 4:19, Theod. (cf. 17, 25; φθάνειν ἕως τῶν οὐρανῶν, 2 Chronicles 28:9; ἔφθασεν ὁ μήν ὁ ἕβδομος, 2 Esdr. 3:1; Philo de mund. opif. § 1; de legg. alleg. 3:76; de confus. lingg. § 29; Plutarch, apotheg. Lacon. § 28; de Alex. s. virt. s. fort. orat. 2:5. Cf. Sophocles Lexicon, under the word; Geldart, Modern Greek, p. 206; Winer's Grammar, § 2, 1 b.)). (Compare: προφθάνω.) Apparently a primary verb; to be beforehand, i.e. Anticipate or precede; by extension, to have arrived at -- (already) attain, come, prevent. Englishman's Concordance Matthew 12:28 V-AIA-3SGRK: δαιμόνια ἄρα ἔφθασεν ἐφ' ὑμᾶς NAS: the kingdom of God has come upon you. KJV: the kingdom of God is come unto you. INT: demons then has come upon you Luke 11:20 V-AIA-3S Romans 9:31 V-AIA-3S 2 Corinthians 10:14 V-AIA-1P Philippians 3:16 V-AIA-1P 1 Thessalonians 2:16 V-AIA-3S 1 Thessalonians 4:15 V-ASA-1P Strong's Greek 5348 |
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