Lexical Summary Adam: Adam Original Word: Ἀδάμ Strong's Exhaustive Concordance Adam. Of Hebrew origin ('Adam); Adam, the first man; typically (of Jesus) man (as his representative) -- Adam. see HEBREW 'Adam NAS Exhaustive Concordance Word Originof Hebrew origin Adam Definition Adam, the first man NASB Translation Adam (9). Thayer's Greek Lexicon STRONGS NT 76: ἈδάμἈδάμ, indeclinable proper name (but in Josephus, Ἄδαμος, ), אָדָם (i. e. according to Philo, de leg. alleg. 1:29, Works, i., p. 62, Mang. edition, γήϊνος; according to Eusebius, Prep. Ev. 7:8 γηγενής; according to Josephus, Antiquities 1, 1, 2 πυρρός, with which Gesenius agrees, see his Thesaurus i., p. 25); 1. Adam, the first man and the parent of the whole human race: Luke 3:38; Romans 5:14; 1 Corinthians 15:22, 45; 1 Timothy 2:13; Jude 1:14. In accordance with the rabbinic distinction between the former Adam (הָרִאשׁון אָדָם), the first man, the author of 'all our woe,' and the latter Adam (הָאַחֲרון אָדָם), the Messiah, the redeemer, in 1 Corinthians 15:45 Jesus Christ is called ὁ ἔσχατος Ἀδάμ (see ἔσχατος, 1) and contrasted with ὁ πρῶτος ἄνθρωπος; Romans 5:14 ὁ μέλλων namely, Ἀδάμ. 2. one of the ancestors of Jesus: Luke 3:33 WH marginal reading (cf. Ἀδμείν). The Greek name Ἀδάμ (Adam) appears nine times in the New Testament. Each occurrence recalls the first man of Genesis, anchoring apostolic doctrine to the historicity of the creation narrative and presenting Adam as a pivotal figure for understanding sin, redemption, and eschatology. Creation and Federal Headship Adam is portrayed as the covenant head of humanity. Paul affirms, “For Adam was formed first, and then Eve” (1 Timothy 2:13), underscoring his representative role. In Romans 5:14 Adam is called “a pattern of the One to come,” indicating that the destiny of the race is tied to Adam’s obedience or disobedience and, by parallel, to Christ’s obedience. Universal Sin and Death Romans 5 develops the theology of inherited guilt: “Sin entered the world through one man, and death through sin, and in this way death spread to all men, because all sinned” (Romans 5:12). Adam’s trespass introduces both physical and spiritual death, a fact that explains the universality of human corruption and the necessity of divine intervention. Christological Typology: The Last Adam In 1 Corinthians 15 Paul contrasts the “first Adam” with Christ, the “last Adam.” “For as in Adam all die, so in Christ all will be made alive” (1 Corinthians 15:22). The resurrection of Jesus secures a new humanity characterized by imperishability and glory (1 Corinthians 15:45–49). Adam, created a “living soul,” foreshadows Christ, who becomes a “life-giving spirit,” imparting eternal life to believers. Genealogical and Prophetical Witness Luke’s genealogy traces Jesus back to “Adam, the son of God” (Luke 3:38), affirming the Messiah’s solidarity with all people. Jude cites “Enoch, the seventh from Adam” (Jude 1:14) to validate prophecy concerning the Lord’s future judgment, further rooting eschatological hope in early human history. Instruction on Order of Creation and Fall Paul appeals to Adam’s priority of creation and Eve’s deception to ground ecclesial and familial roles: “And it was not Adam who was deceived, but the woman who was deceived and fell into transgression” (1 Timothy 2:14). The reference upholds both the reliability of Genesis and its normative implications for church life. Pastoral Application 1. Human solidarity in sin calls every believer to humility and dependence on grace. Doctrinal Summary Adam’s nine New Testament occurrences reaffirm: Thus, Adam functions simultaneously as the origin of the old order and as the shadow that highlights the glory of the new creation in Jesus Christ. Englishman's Concordance Luke 3:38 NGRK: Σήθ τοῦ Ἀδάμ τοῦ θεοῦ NAS: the son of Seth, the son of Adam, the son of God. KJV: which was [the son] of Seth, which was [the son] of Adam, which was [the son] of God. INT: of Seth of Adam of God Romans 5:14 N Romans 5:14 N 1 Corinthians 15:22 N 1 Corinthians 15:45 N 1 Corinthians 15:45 N 1 Timothy 2:13 N 1 Timothy 2:14 N Jude 1:14 N |
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