Lexical Summary adom: Red Original Word: אֱדֹם Strong's Exhaustive Concordance red, ruddy From 'adam; rosy -- red, ruddy. see HEBREW 'adam NAS Exhaustive Concordance Word Originfrom the same as adom Definition red NASB Translation red (7), ruddy (1). Brown-Driver-Briggs אָדֹם adjective red — ׳א Isaiah 63:2; Zechariah 1:8 + Genesis 25:30 (twice in verse), see below; אָדוֺם Songs 5:10; feminine אֲדֻמָּה Numbers 19:2, plural אֲדֻמִּים 2 Kings 3:22 2t.; — ruddy, red, of man Songs 5:10; horse Zechariah 1:8 (twice in verse) ("" שָׂרֹק compare Assyrian DlW 87) Zechariah 6:2 ("" שָׁחֹר); heifer Numbers 19:2; water 2 Kings 3:22 (כַּדָּם ׳א); compare as substantive red, redness on garment Isaiah 63:2; הָאָדֹם = the (red) lentils Genesis 25:30 (twice in verse), but read הָאֱדֹם see below; compare also מַעֲלֶה. Topical Lexicon Semantic Field and Biblical Usage אֱדֹם describes a vivid, blood-like redness. In Scripture it is applied to food (Genesis 25:30), animals (Numbers 19:2), human appearance (Song of Songs 5:10), garments (Isaiah 63:2), water that looks like blood (2 Kings 3:22), and the horses of apocalyptic visions (Zechariah 1:8; Zechariah 6:2). The range of contexts links the color to appetite, sacrifice, beauty, judgment, and eschatology. Genesis 25: The Red Stew and the Birthright When Esau begged for “some of that red stew” (Genesis 25:30), the word underscores his earthly appetite. The transaction that follows—selling the birthright for a meal—contrasts temporal satisfaction with covenant privilege. The color theme foreshadows the later nation of Edom, reminding readers that spiritual choices carry generational consequences. Numbers 19: The Red Heifer and Atonement “The LORD said to Moses and Aaron, ‘This is a statute of the law that the LORD has commanded: Tell the Israelites to bring you a red heifer without defect’ ” (Numbers 19:2). The flawless red heifer typifies total consecration and prefigures the once-for-all cleansing accomplished by Christ. Its ashes purified those defiled by death, pointing to the only blood able to cleanse from sin. 2 Kings 3:22: Illusion of Blood and Divine Deliverance When Moab’s scouts rose at dawn, “the water opposite them looked red—like blood” (2 Kings 3:22). The redness deceived the enemy into premature celebration, leading to defeat. God turned what appeared to be Israel’s loss into victory. Red here becomes a visual metaphor for both danger and deliverance. Song of Songs 5:10: Ruddy Beauty and Messianic Hints “My beloved is radiant and ruddy, outstanding among ten thousand” (Song of Songs 5:10). The term conveys vigor and youthful vitality. Christian readers have long recognized in this description an anticipation of the loveliness and supremacy of Christ, whose blood would later secure redemption. Isaiah 63:2: Garments Dyed in Judgment Prophetically, the Servant-Warrior returns from Edom with apparel “stained crimson” (Isaiah 63:2). The red garments signify righteous wrath against evil and the costly victory of salvation. The scene balances the tenderness of the Redeemer with the terror of His judgment, urging reverent trust. Zechariah’s Red Horses: Watchfulness and War “I saw a man riding a red horse, and he was standing among the myrtle trees” (Zechariah 1:8). Again in Zechariah 6:2, red horses lead the first chariot. In both visions the color signals warfare and vigilance. God’s angelic hosts survey the earth, ensuring that His purposes move unthwarted toward final peace. Theological Threads 1. Sacrifice: Red evokes blood, tying human sin to divine provision. Ministry Implications • Preaching: Use the red heifer to illustrate Christ’s sufficiency; contrast Esau’s stew with eternal inheritance. Summary אֱדֹם threads Scripture with a scarlet line that moves from appetite to atonement, from beauty to battle. Each occurrence enriches the biblical portrait of a holy God who redeems through blood, judges in righteousness, and ultimately clothes His people in radiant glory. Forms and Transliterations אֲדֻמִּ֑ים אֲדֻמִּ֔ים אֲדֻמִּ֥ים אֲדֻמָּ֜ה אָדֹ֔ם אָדֹ֖ם אדם אדמה אדמים הָאָדֹ֤ם הָאָדֹם֙ האדם וְאָד֔וֹם ואדום ’ā·ḏōm ’ă·ḏum·māh ’ă·ḏum·mîm ’āḏōm ’ăḏummāh ’ăḏummîm aDom adumMah adumMim hā’āḏōm hā·’ā·ḏōm haaDom veaDom wə’āḏōwm wə·’ā·ḏō·wmLinks Interlinear Greek • Interlinear Hebrew • Strong's Numbers • Englishman's Greek Concordance • Englishman's Hebrew Concordance • Parallel TextsEnglishman's Concordance Genesis 25:30 HEB: נָא֙ מִן־ הָאָדֹ֤ם הָאָדֹם֙ הַזֶּ֔ה NAS: let me have a swallow of that red stuff KJV: me, I pray thee, with that same red INT: Please with red red he Genesis 25:30 Numbers 19:2 2 Kings 3:22 Songs 5:10 Isaiah 63:2 Zechariah 1:8 Zechariah 1:8 Zechariah 6:2 9 Occurrences |
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