2554. chamas

Lexicon

chamas: To act violently, to wrong, to do violence

Original Word: חָמַס
Part of Speech: Verb
Transliteration: chamac
Pronunciation: khaw-MAS
Phonetic Spelling: (khaw-mas')
Definition: To act violently, to wrong, to do violence
Meaning: to be violent, to maltreat

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance

make bare, shake off, violate, do violence, take away violently, wrong

A primitive root; to be violent; by implication, to maltreat -- make bare, shake off, violate, do violence, take away violently, wrong, imagine wrongfully.

NAS Exhaustive Concordance

Word Origin
a prim. root
Definition
to treat violently or wrong
NASB Translation
do violence (1), done violence (2), drop off (1), exposed (1), injures (1), violently treated (1), wrong (1).

Brown-Driver-Briggs

[חָמַס] verb treat violently, wrong (Late Hebrew id., act violently, treat violently; Aramaic חֲמַס (rare) violently seize; Arabic is be hard, strict, rigorous) —

Qal Perfect3plural חָֽמְסוּ Ezekiel 22:26; Zephaniah 3:4; Imperfect יַחְמֹס Job 15:33, וַיַּחְמֹס Lamentations 2:6; תַּחְמֹ֑סוּ Job 21:27; Jeremiah 22:3; Participle חֹמֵס Proverbs 8:36; — treat violently, wrong; —

1 of physical wrong: ׳תַּחְ Jeremiah 22:3 ("" תֹּנוּ) of wrong to widows and orphans; כַּגַּן שֻׂכּוֺ ׳וַיַּח Lamentations 2:6 and hath done violence to his pavilion as to a garden ("" שִׁחֵת מֹעֲדוֺ); so, figurative, of vine, wrong, i.e. fail to nourish, kill כַּגֶּפֶן ׳יַח בִּסְרוֺ Job 15:33.

2 of ethical wrong, object תּוֺרָה Zephaniah 3:4; Exodus 22:26 (both "" חִלֵּל קֹדֶשׁ); compare מְזִמּוֺת עָלֵי תַּחְמֹ֑סוּ Job 21:27 the devices (wherewith) ye do me violence.

3 both physical and ethical חֹטְאִי חֹמֵס נַפְשׁוֺ Proverbs 8:36.

Niph`al Perfect3plural נֶחְמְסוּ Jeremiah 13:22 thy heels suffer violence ("" נִגְלוּ שׁוּלַיִךְ).

Topical Lexicon

Word Origin: A primitive root

Corresponding Greek / Hebrew Entries: • G91 (ἀδικέω, adikeo): To do wrong, to act unjustly
• G114 (ἀθετέω, atheteo): To set aside, to reject
• G764 (ἀσεβέω, asebeo): To act impiously, to be ungodly
• G1572 (ἐκκεντέω, ekkenteo): To pierce, to stab
• G1945 (ἐπιβουλή, epiboule): A plot, a scheme
• G3856 (παρανομία, paranomia): Lawlessness, transgression
• G5166 (τρομοκρατέω, tromokrateo): To terrify, to cause to tremble

These Greek terms reflect various aspects of wrongdoing, violence, and moral transgression, paralleling the Hebrew concept of חָמַס in the context of the New Testament.

Usage: The verb חָמַס (chamas) is used in the Hebrew Bible to describe acts of violence, oppression, or maltreatment. It often conveys a sense of unjust or wrongful actions, typically involving physical harm or social injustice.

Context: The Hebrew verb חָמַס (chamas) appears in various contexts throughout the Old Testament, often associated with violence and injustice. It is a term that conveys not only physical violence but also moral and ethical wrongdoing. The word is used to describe the actions of individuals or groups who oppress or harm others, often in defiance of God's laws and commands.

In Genesis 6:11, the earth is described as being "filled with violence" (חָמָס), which is one of the reasons for the divine judgment of the flood. This usage underscores the pervasive nature of violence and corruption that led to God's intervention.

In the prophetic literature, חָמַס is frequently used to denounce the social injustices and moral decay of Israel and the surrounding nations. For example, in Amos 3:10, the prophet condemns those who "do not know how to do right," storing up "violence and destruction" in their fortresses. This highlights the societal impact of חָמַס, where violence becomes systemic and entrenched in the structures of power.

The Psalms also reflect on the personal experience of violence and oppression. In Psalm 11:5, the Lord is said to test the righteous but hates "the wicked and the one who loves violence" (חָמָס). This verse emphasizes the divine disapproval of violent behavior and the moral distinction between the righteous and the wicked.

Overall, חָמַס is a term that encapsulates the destructive nature of violence and the moral imperative to resist and condemn such actions. It serves as a reminder of the biblical call to justice, peace, and righteousness.

Forms and Transliterations

וַיַּחְמֹ֤ס ויחמס חָמְס֖וּ חָמְס֣וּ חֹמֵ֣ס חמס חמסו יַחְמֹ֣ס יחמס נֶחְמְס֥וּ נחמסו תַּחְמֹ֔סוּ תַּחְמֹֽסוּ׃ תחמסו תחמסו׃ chameSu choMes ḥā·mə·sū ḥāməsū ḥō·mês ḥōmês nechmeSu neḥ·mə·sū neḥməsū tachMosu taḥ·mō·sū taḥmōsū vaiyachMos way·yaḥ·mōs wayyaḥmōs yachMos yaḥ·mōs yaḥmōs

Englishman's Concordance

Job 15:33
HEB: יַחְמֹ֣ס כַּגֶּ֣פֶן בִּסְר֑וֹ
NAS: He will drop off his unripe grape
KJV: He shall shake off his unripe grape
INT: will drop the vine grape

Job 21:27
HEB: וּ֝מְזִמּ֗וֹת עָלַ֥י תַּחְמֹֽסוּ׃
NAS: And the plans by which you would wrong me.
KJV: and the devices [which] ye wrongfully imagine against me.
INT: and the plans and wrong

Proverbs 8:36
HEB: וְֽ֭חֹטְאִי חֹמֵ֣ס נַפְשׁ֑וֹ כָּל־
NAS: But he who sins against me injures himself;
KJV: But he that sinneth against me wrongeth his own soul:
INT: sins injures himself All

Jeremiah 13:22
HEB: נִגְל֥וּ שׁוּלַ֖יִךְ נֶחְמְס֥וּ עֲקֵבָֽיִךְ׃
NAS: And your heels have been exposed.
KJV: discovered, [and] thy heels made bare.
INT: have been removed your skirts have been exposed and your heels

Jeremiah 22:3
HEB: תֹּנוּ֙ אַל־ תַּחְמֹ֔סוּ וְדָ֣ם נָקִ֔י
NAS: Also do not mistreat [or] do violence to the stranger,
KJV: and do no wrong, do no violence to the stranger,
INT: mistreat nay do blood innocent

Lamentations 2:6
HEB: וַיַּחְמֹ֤ס כַּגַּן֙ שֻׂכּ֔וֹ
NAS: And He has violently treated His tabernacle
KJV: And he hath violently taken away his tabernacle,
INT: has violently A garden his tabernacle

Ezekiel 22:26
HEB: כֹּהֲנֶ֜יהָ חָמְס֣וּ תוֹרָתִי֮ וַיְחַלְּל֣וּ
NAS: Her priests have done violence to My law
KJV: Her priests have violated my law,
INT: her priests have done to my law profaned

Zephaniah 3:4
HEB: חִלְּלוּ־ קֹ֔דֶשׁ חָמְס֖וּ תּוֹרָֽה׃
NAS: the sanctuary. They have done violence to the law.
KJV: the sanctuary, they have done violence to the law.
INT: have profaned the sanctuary have done to the law

8 Occurrences

Strong's Hebrew 2554
8 Occurrences

ḥā·mə·sū — 2 Occ.
ḥō·mês — 1 Occ.
neḥ·mə·sū — 1 Occ.
taḥ·mō·sū — 2 Occ.
way·yaḥ·mōs — 1 Occ.
yaḥ·mōs — 1 Occ.