2555. chamas

Lexicon

chamas: Violence, wrong, cruelty, injustice

Original Word: חָמָס
Part of Speech: Noun Masculine
Transliteration: chamac
Pronunciation: khaw-MAS
Phonetic Spelling: (khaw-mawce')
Definition: Violence, wrong, cruelty, injustice
Meaning: violence, wrong, by meton, unjust gain

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance

cruelty, damage, false, injustice, oppressor, unrighteous, violence against, done,

From chamac; violence; by implication, wrong; by meton. Unjust gain -- cruel(-ty), damage, false, injustice, X oppressor, unrighteous, violence (against, done), violent (dealing), wrong.

see HEBREW chamac

NAS Exhaustive Concordance

Word Origin
from chamas
Definition
violence, wrong
NASB Translation
malicious (3), violence (48), violent (6), wrong (3).

Brown-Driver-Briggs

חָמָס noun masculine^{Psalm 7:17} violence, wrong — absolute ׳ח Genesis 6:11+ 44 t.; construct חֲמַס Judges 9:24 7t.; suffix חֲמָסִי Genesis 16:5; Jeremiah 51:35 (in both = wrong done to me); חֲמָסוֺ Psalm 7:17; plural חֲמָסִים 2 Samuel 22:49 3t.; — violence, specifically of physical violence Judges 9:24; 2 Samuel 22:3 (not "" Psalm 18:3), Obadiah 10; Habakkuk 1:9; Jeremiah 51:35 (of Chaldeans), Habakkuk 2:8,17 (twice in verse); Joel 4:19; Psalm 72:14; but also wrong, including injurious language, harsh treatment, etc. Genesis 16:5 (J, of wrong done to Sarah by, Hagar), Job 19:7; Malachi 2:16; in General of rude wickedness of men, their noisy, wild, ruthlessness Micah 6:12; Habakkuk 1:2; Zephaniah 1:9; Proverbs 10:6,11; Proverbs 13:2; Proverbs 26:6 + Ezekiel 7:11 (si vera lectio, see Co), "" שֹׁד Amos 3:10; Habakkuk 1:3; Jeremiah 6:7; Jeremiah 20:8; Ezekiel 45:9; Isaiah 60:18, "" רִיב Psalm 55:10, "" עָמָל Psalm 7:17, "" גַּאֲוָה Psalm 73:6, ׳אֹהֵב ח Psalm 11:5 ("" רָשָׁע), denied, of servant of ׳י Isaiah 53:9, בארץ ׳ח Jeremiah 51:46, compare Genesis 6:11,13 (P), Ezekiel 8:17; Ezekiel 12:19; מָֽלְאוּ ׳מַחֲשַׁכֵּיאֶֿרֶץ נְאוֺת ח Psalm 74:20, ׳הָעִיר מָֽלְאָה ח Ezekiel 7:23; Ezekiel 28:16, ׳שֶׁבֶת ח Amos 6:3 is (probably) enthronement of violence; ׳כְּלֵי ח Genesis 49:5 (poem) instrument, weapons, of violence; — other phrases are: בְּיָדַיִם ׳ח Jonah 3:8; 1 Chronicles 12:17, compare Job 16:17, יְדֵיכֶם ׳ח Psalm 58:3 and בְּכַמֵּיהֶם ׳מֹּעַל ח Isaiah 59:6; ׳עֵד ח i.e. a witness that promotes violence and wrong Exodus 23:1 (JE), Deuteronomy 19:16, ׳עֵדֵי ח Psalm 35:11; עֵדֵי שֶׁקֶר וִיפֵהַ חָמָס Psalm 27:12; ׳שׂנאת ח Psalm 25:19 #NAME? violence; אִישׁ חָמָס = violent man Psalm 18:49 (2 Samuel 22:49 has the later חמסים ׳א, compare below) Psalm 140:12; Proverbs 3:31; Proverbs 16:29; אישׁ חמסים (later) Psalm 140:2; Psalm 140:5; 2 Samuel 22:49; יֵין חֲמָסִים Proverbs 4:17 i.e. wine gained by violence ("" לֶחֶם רֶשַׁע).

Topical Lexicon

Word Origin: Derived from an unused root meaning to be violent or to maltreat.

Corresponding Greek / Hebrew Entries: • G93 (adikia): Injustice, unrighteousness, a deed violating law and justice.
• G94 (adikēma): A wrong, an injury, an offense.
• G458 (anomia): Lawlessness, iniquity, disobedience to the law.
• G684 (apergazomai): To work out, to bring about, to accomplish, often used in the context of producing evil or wrong.
• G763 (asēbeia): Ungodliness, impiety, lack of reverence towards God.
• G765 (asōtia): Dissipation, debauchery, profligacy, often associated with a wasteful or reckless lifestyle.
• G3681 (orge): Anger, wrath, often used to describe divine retribution or human anger leading to sin.

The term "chamas" serves as a critical concept in biblical theology, illustrating the pervasive impact of sin and the necessity of divine justice. It calls believers to pursue peace and righteousness, aligning with God's will for humanity.

Usage: The word "chamas" is used throughout the Hebrew Bible to describe acts of violence, injustice, and oppression. It is often associated with the wickedness of humanity and is used to depict the moral corruption that leads to divine judgment.

Context: • Occurrences in Scripture: The term "chamas" appears in various contexts within the Hebrew Bible, often highlighting the moral and social decay of societies. For instance, in Genesis 6:11, the earth is described as being filled with "violence" (chamas), which is a key reason for the divine decision to bring about the flood. In Psalm 11:5, the Lord is said to hate "the wicked and the one who loves violence" (chamas), emphasizing God's opposition to such behavior.
• Theological Implications: The concept of "chamas" is significant in understanding the biblical perspective on justice and righteousness. It underscores the destructive nature of violence and injustice, which are seen as antithetical to God's character and purposes. The prevalence of "chamas" in a society is often depicted as a precursor to divine intervention or judgment.
• Moral and Ethical Considerations: The biblical narrative consistently portrays "chamas" as a violation of the divine order, calling for repentance and a return to righteousness. Prophets like Isaiah and Jeremiah frequently denounce "chamas" as part of their call for social justice and ethical reform.
• Examples in the Berean Standard Bible (BSB):
• Genesis 6:11: "Now the earth was corrupt in the sight of God, and full of violence."
• Psalm 11:5: "The LORD tests the righteous and the wicked; His soul hates the lover of violence."
• Ezekiel 7:23: "Forge the chain, for the land is full of crimes of bloodshed, and the city is full of violence."

Forms and Transliterations

הֶחָמָ֖ס הֶחָמָ֥ס ׀ החמס וְחָמָ֖ס וְחָמָ֣ס וַחֲמַס־ וּ֭מֵחָמָס וחמס וחמס־ ומחמס חֲמַ֖ס חֲמַ֤ס חֲמַ֥ס חֲמָס֥וֹ חֲמָסִ֖ים חֲמָסִ֣י חֲמָסִ֣ים חֲמָסִ֤י חָ֝מָ֗ס חָ֭מָס חָמָ֑ס חָמָ֔ס חָמָ֖ס חָמָ֗ס חָמָ֣ס חָמָ֤ס חָמָ֥ס חָמָֽס׃ חָמָס֙ חמס חמס׃ חמסו חמסי חמסים לְחָמָ֣ס לחמס מֵֽחֲמַס֙ מֵחֲמַ֖ס מֵחֲמַ֛ס מֵחָמָ֖ס מחמס chaMas chamaSi chamaSim chamaSo Chamos ḥă·mā·sî ḥă·mā·sîm ḥă·mā·sōw ḥă·mas ḥā·mās ḥămas ḥāmās ḥămāsî ḥămāsîm ḥămāsōw he·ḥā·mās hechaMas heḥāmās lə·ḥā·mās lechaMas ləḥāmās mê·ḥă·mas mê·ḥā·mās mechaMas mêḥămas mêḥāmās ū·mê·ḥā·mās Umechamos ūmêḥāmās vachamas vechaMas wa·ḥă·mas- waḥămas- wə·ḥā·mās wəḥāmās

Englishman's Concordance

Genesis 6:11
HEB: וַתִּמָּלֵ֥א הָאָ֖רֶץ חָמָֽס׃
NAS: was filled with violence.
KJV: was filled with violence.
INT: was filled and the earth violence

Genesis 6:13
HEB: מָלְאָ֥ה הָאָ֛רֶץ חָמָ֖ס מִפְּנֵיהֶ֑ם וְהִנְנִ֥י
NAS: is filled with violence because
KJV: is filled with violence through them;
INT: is filled the earth violence before I am about

Genesis 16:5
HEB: אֶל־ אַבְרָם֮ חֲמָסִ֣י עָלֶיךָ֒ אָנֹכִ֗י
NAS: to Abram, May the wrong done me be upon you. I gave
KJV: unto Abram, My wrong [be] upon thee: I have given
INT: to Abram may the wrong and I

Genesis 49:5
HEB: אַחִ֑ים כְּלֵ֥י חָמָ֖ס מְכֵרֹתֵיהֶֽם׃
NAS: are implements of violence.
KJV: instruments of cruelty [are in] their habitations.
INT: are brothers are implements of violence their swords

Exodus 23:1
HEB: לִהְיֹ֖ת עֵ֥ד חָמָֽס׃ ס
NAS: with a wicked man to be a malicious witness.
KJV: with the wicked to be an unrighteous witness.
INT: become witness malicious

Deuteronomy 19:16
HEB: יָק֥וּם עֵד־ חָמָ֖ס בְּאִ֑ישׁ לַעֲנ֥וֹת
NAS: If a malicious witness rises
KJV: If a false witness rise up
INT: rises witness A malicious A man to accuse

Judges 9:24
HEB: לָב֕וֹא חֲמַ֖ס שִׁבְעִ֣ים בְּנֵֽי־
NAS: so that the violence done to the seventy
KJV: That the cruelty [done] to the threescore and ten
INT: come the violence to the seventy sons

2 Samuel 22:3
HEB: וּמְנוּסִ֔י מֹשִׁעִ֕י מֵחָמָ֖ס תֹּשִׁעֵֽנִי׃
NAS: My savior, You save me from violence.
KJV: thou savest me from violence.
INT: and my refuge my savior violence save

2 Samuel 22:49
HEB: תְּר֣וֹמְמֵ֔נִי מֵאִ֥ישׁ חֲמָסִ֖ים תַּצִּילֵֽנִי׃
NAS: up against me; You rescue me from the violent man.
KJV: against me: thou hast delivered me from the violent man.
INT: lift man the violent rescue

1 Chronicles 12:18
HEB: לְצָרַ֗י בְּלֹ֤א חָמָס֙ בְּכַפַּ֔י יֵ֛רֶא
INT: adversary not cruel branch advise self

Job 16:17
HEB: עַ֭ל לֹא־ חָמָ֣ס בְּכַפָּ֑י וּֽתְפִלָּתִ֥י
NAS: there is no violence in my hands,
KJV: Not for [any] injustice in mine hands:
INT: Although is no violence my hands and my prayer

Job 19:7
HEB: הֵ֤ן אֶצְעַ֣ק חָ֭מָס וְלֹ֣א אֵעָנֶ֑ה
NAS: I cry, 'Violence!' but I get
KJV: Behold, I cry out of wrong, but I am not heard:
INT: Behold cry of wrong no answer

Psalm 7:16
HEB: וְעַ֥ל קָ֝דְקֳד֗וֹ חֲמָס֥וֹ יֵרֵֽד׃
NAS: upon his own head, And his violence will descend
KJV: upon his own head, and his violent dealing shall come down
INT: upon pate and his violence will descend

Psalm 11:5
HEB: וְ֭רָשָׁע וְאֹהֵ֣ב חָמָ֑ס שָֽׂנְאָ֥ה נַפְשֽׁוֹ׃
NAS: And the one who loves violence His soul
KJV: and him that loveth violence his soul
INT: and the wicked loves violence hates his soul

Psalm 18:48
HEB: תְּרוֹמְמֵ֑נִי מֵאִ֥ישׁ חָ֝מָ֗ס תַּצִּילֵֽנִי׃
NAS: up against me; You rescue me from the violent man.
KJV: against me: thou hast delivered me from the violent man.
INT: lift man the violent rescue

Psalm 25:19
HEB: רָ֑בּוּ וְשִׂנְאַ֖ת חָמָ֣ס שְׂנֵאֽוּנִי׃
NAS: And they hate me with violent hatred.
KJV: and they hate me with cruel hatred.
INT: are many hate violent hatred

Psalm 27:12
HEB: שֶׁ֝֗קֶר וִיפֵ֥חַ חָמָֽס׃
NAS: against me, And such as breathe out violence.
KJV: against me, and such as breathe out cruelty.
INT: false. breathe violence

Psalm 35:11
HEB: יְ֭קוּמוּן עֵדֵ֣י חָמָ֑ס אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹא־
NAS: Malicious witnesses rise
KJV: FALSE witnesses did rise up;
INT: rise witnesses Malicious after not

Psalm 55:9
HEB: כִּֽי־ רָאִ֨יתִי חָמָ֖ס וְרִ֣יב בָּעִֽיר׃
NAS: For I have seen violence and strife
KJV: for I have seen violence and strife
INT: for have seen violence and strife the city

Psalm 58:2
HEB: תִּפְעָ֫ל֥וּן בָּאָ֡רֶץ חֲמַ֥ס יְ֝דֵיכֶ֗ם תְּפַלֵּֽסֽוּן׃
NAS: you weigh out the violence of your hands.
KJV: ye weigh the violence of your hands
INT: work earth the violence of your hands weigh

Psalm 72:14
HEB: מִתּ֣וֹךְ וּ֭מֵחָמָס יִגְאַ֣ל נַפְשָׁ֑ם
NAS: from oppression and violence, And their blood
KJV: from deceit and violence: and precious
INT: oppression and violence will rescue their life

Psalm 73:6
HEB: יַעֲטָף־ שִׁ֝֗ית חָמָ֥ס לָֽמוֹ׃
NAS: The garment of violence covers
KJV: compasseth them about as a chain; violence covereth
INT: covers the garment of violence

Psalm 74:20
HEB: אֶ֝֗רֶץ נְא֣וֹת חָמָֽס׃
NAS: of the habitations of violence.
KJV: of the habitations of cruelty.
INT: of the land of the habitations of violence

Psalm 140:1
HEB: רָ֑ע מֵאִ֖ישׁ חֲמָסִ֣ים תִּנְצְרֵֽנִי׃
NAS: men; Preserve me from violent men
KJV: man: preserve me from the violent man;
INT: evil men violent Preserve

Psalm 140:4
HEB: רָשָׁ֗ע מֵאִ֣ישׁ חֲמָסִ֣ים תִּנְצְרֵ֑נִי אֲשֶׁ֥ר
NAS: Preserve me from violent men
KJV: preserve me from the violent man;
INT: of the wicked men violent Preserve Who

60 Occurrences

Strong's Hebrew 2555
60 Occurrences

ḥā·mās — 39 Occ.
ḥă·mā·sî — 2 Occ.
ḥă·mā·sîm — 4 Occ.
ḥă·mā·sōw — 1 Occ.
ḥā·mās — 2 Occ.
he·ḥā·mās — 2 Occ.
lə·ḥā·mās — 1 Occ.
mê·ḥā·mās — 4 Occ.
ū·mê·ḥā·mās — 1 Occ.
wa·ḥă·mas- — 2 Occ.
wə·ḥā·mās — 2 Occ.