Lexical Summary shemoneh or shemonah: Eight Original Word: שְׁמֹנֶה Strong's Exhaustive Concordance eighteen eighth Or shmowneh {shem-o-neh'}; feminine shmonah {shem-o-naw'}; or shmownah {shem-o-naw'}; apparently from shamen through the idea of plumpness; a cardinal number, eight (as if a surplus above the "perfect" seven); also (as ordinal) eighth -- eight((-een, -eenth)), eighth. see HEBREW shamen NAS Exhaustive Concordance Word Originof uncertain derivation Definition eight (a card. number) NASB Translation 108,100* (1), 128* (4), 138* (1), 148* (1), 18* (2), 18,000* (7), 188* (1), 2,812* (1), 2,818* (2), 20,800* (1), 218* (1), 22,600* (1), 28* (1), 28,600* (1), 288* (1), 328* (1), 38,000* (1), 468* (1), 6,800* (1), 628* (1), 648* (1), 68* (1), 8,580* (1), 8,600* (1), 800,000* (1), 822* (1), 832* (1), 845* (1), 928* (1), 98* (2), eight (36), eighteen* (8), eighteenth* (11), eighth (3), forty-eight* (2), ninety-eight* (1), thirty-eight* (1), thirty-eighth* (2), twenty-eight* (4). Brown-Driver-Briggs שְׁמֹנֶה (less often שְׁמוֺנֶה), שְׁמֹנָה109 noun masculine and feminine eight (on ֶ֯ compare BaNB 20, 200 and (against him) PhilippiBAS ii. 364; Arabic 1 without other number: a. שְׁמֹנֶה cardinal, before plural noun Judges 3: 1 Kings 7:10 8t.; before singular noun שָׁנָךְ 1 Kings 8:17 (Kt; Qr plural) 1 Kings 22:1; after plural noun Ezekiel 40:31; ordinal לְ ׳בִּשְׁנַת שׁ 2 Kings 24:12, ׳בִּשׁ שָׁנִים לְ2Chronicles 34:3. b. שְׁמנָה cardinal, before plural noun 1 Samuel 17:12 3t., + (noun omitted) Jeremiah 14:15 2t., also אֵלֶּה ׳שׁ Genesis 22:23 these8and, as round number, Micah 5:4 7and8(i.e. plenty); after plural noun Numbers 29:29; 2Chronicles 29:17; ordinal, לְ ׳בְּיוֺם שׁ 2 Chronicles 29:17. c. feminine construct שְׁמֹנַת יָמִים Genesis 17:12; Genesis 21:4, חַבָּקָר ׳שׁ Numbers 7:8. 2810= 8: a. with noun feminine שְׁמֹנֶה עֶשְׂרֵה, cardinal: before singular שָׁנָךְ Judges 3:14 2t., אַמָּה 1 Kings 7:15 2t.; after plural noun 1 Chronicles 26:9; 2Chronicles 11:21; noun omitted Ezra 8:18; Nehemiah 7:11; ordinal, בִּשְׁנַת לְ ׳ע ׳שׁ 1 Kings 15:1 4t.; שָׁנָח לְ ׳ע ׳בִּשׁ 2 Kings 22:3 2t.; שָׁנָה לְ ׳ע ׳הַשָּׁנָה שׁ Jeremiah 32:1. b. with noun masculine שְׁמֹנָח עָשָׂר cardinal: before singular אֶלֶף Judges 20:44 4t. + Psalm 60:2 (title), so read for ׳שְׁנֵים ע, compare 2 Samuel 8:13 = 1 Chronicles 18:12; before plural Ezra 8:9; noun omitted Genesis 14:14; ordinal, noun omitted 1 Chronicles 24:15; 1 Chronicles 25:15; שְׁמֹנַת עָשָׂר אֶלֶף Judges 20:25. 3 with other numerals: a. שְׁמֹנֶח מֵאוֺת 2 Samuel 23:8 (so read also "" 1 Chronicles 11:11 Kit Benz, compare Th We Dr and others), + 16 t. b. שְׁמֹנָח אֶלֶף 1 Chronicles 12:36 (35 van d. H.), 1 Chronicles 23:3; שְׁמֹנִת אֲלָפִים Numbers 2:24 3t. c. ׳שׁ, cardinal, after tens 1 Samuel 4:15 20t.; before ten, only וְעֶשְׂרים בָּאַמָּה ׳שׁ Exodus 26:2; Exodus 36:9; ordinal, בִּשְׁנַת שָׁנָח לְ ׳שְׁלשִׁים וּשׁ 1 Kings 16:29; 2 Kings 15:8. Topical Lexicon Definition and Core Usage שְׁמֹנֶה designates the cardinal number “eight.” In Scripture it marks quantity, sequence, age, duration, and symbolic completeness. While sometimes paired with its ordinal counterpart (“eighth”), the cardinal form stands on its own in approximately 109 Old Testament references. Canonical Distribution and Frequency • Torah: Numbers predominate in Leviticus and Numbers, especially within ritual directives. Symbolic Significance: New Beginnings Eight follows the fullness of seven and therefore carries connotations of a fresh start. After seven days of flooding, Noah waited “another seven days” (Genesis 8:10), and on the next day (effectively the eighth) the new era began as the dove returned no more. Though the verse does not use שְׁמֹנֶה, the canonical storyline accents eight as the threshold of restoration. Later typological echoes reinforce this pattern: the eighth day accepts offerings (Ezekiel 43:27), and the resurrection of Christ—first day after the Sabbath—stands as the climactic new creation. Covenantal Marker: Circumcision on the Eighth Day Genesis 17:12 inaugurates the command: “He who is eight days old among you must be circumcised”. Leviticus 12:3 repeats the ordinance. The eighth-day timing combines divine grace (the child contributes nothing) with covenantal responsibility, symbolizing purified life set apart for God. Luke 2:21 later records Jesus’ adherence, anchoring the continuity of covenant across Testaments. Priestly and Sacrificial Regulations 1. Completion of Priestly Ordination: “On the eighth day Moses called Aaron and his sons” (Leviticus 9:1). After seven days of consecration, ministry truly begins. Festal Calendar Leviticus 23:36 and 23:39 prescribe a solemn assembly on the eighth day of the Feast of Tabernacles (Shemini Atzeret). While the feast itself celebrates completed harvest and divine shelter, the added day invites Israel to linger with the Lord, anticipating the eschatological dwelling of God with His people (Revelation 21:3). Royal and Historical Notes • Joash (2 Kings 11:21) and Josiah (2 Kings 22:1) each ascended the throne at eight years old, foreshadowing youthful zeal that restores covenant worship. Wisdom and Prophetic Literature Proverbs 30:29 lists “there are three things… and four,” yet Ecclesiastes 11:2 heightens the parallelism: “Give a portion to seven, and even to eight, for you do not know what disaster may befall the land”. The phrase suggests generosity that exceeds completeness toward abundance. Micah 5:5 likewise envisions Israel defended by “seven shepherds and eight leaders of men,” a poetic escalation portraying superabundant security. Eschatological Glimpses Ezekiel’s temple vision culminates in the Lord’s promise: “On the eighth day and onward, the priests shall offer your burnt offerings… then I will accept you” (Ezekiel 43:27). The eighth day opens perpetual acceptance, prefiguring the eternal Sabbath rest in Christ (Hebrews 4:9-10). Theological Reflections for Ministry 1. New Creation Hope – Eight reminds believers that God’s redemptive plan moves beyond mere restoration to altogether new life. Selected Reference Index Genesis 17:12; Exodus 26:25; Leviticus 9:1; 12:3; 14:10; 22:27; 23:36, 39; Numbers 6:10; 29:35; 1 Samuel 16:10-11; 2 Kings 11:21; 22:1; 1 Chronicles 13:7; 2 Chronicles 29:17; Ecclesiastes 11:2; Micah 5:5; Ezekiel 43:27. Forms and Transliterations בִּשְׁמֹנֶ֤ה בִּשְׁמֹנָ֣ה בִּשְׁמוֹנֶ֤ה בִּשְׁמוֹנֶ֨ה בשמונה בשמנה וּבִשְׁמוֹנֶ֨ה וּשְׁמֹֽנַת־ וּשְׁמֹנֶ֖ה וּשְׁמֹנֶ֣ה וּשְׁמֹנֶ֥ה וּשְׁמֹנֶֽה־ וּשְׁמֹנֶה֙ וּשְׁמֹנָ֑ה וּשְׁמֹנָ֖ה וּשְׁמֹנָ֥ה וּשְׁמֹנָֽה׃ וּשְׁמוֹנֶ֣ה וּשְׁמוֹנֶ֥ה וּשְׁמוֹנַ֥ת וּשְׁמוֹנָ֑ה וּשְׁמוֹנָ֖ה וּשְׁמוֹנָ֛ה וּשְׁמוֹנָ֥ה וּשְׁמוֹנָֽה׃ ובשמונה ושמונה ושמונה׃ ושמונת ושמנה ושמנה־ ושמנה׃ ושמנת־ לִשְׁמוֹנָ֑ה לִשְׁמוֹנָ֤ה לשמונה שְׁמֹנֶ֖ה שְׁמֹנֶ֣ה שְׁמֹנֶ֤ה שְׁמֹנֶ֥ה שְׁמֹנֶ֨ה שְׁמֹנֶֽה־ שְׁמֹנֶה֩ שְׁמֹנַ֖ת שְׁמֹנַ֣ת שְׁמֹנַ֤ת שְׁמֹנַ֨ת שְׁמֹנָ֖ה שְׁמֹנָ֣ה שְׁמֹנָ֤ה שְׁמֹנָ֥ה שְׁמֹנָֽה־ שְׁמוֹנֶ֖ה שְׁמוֹנֶ֤ה שְׁמוֹנֶ֥ה שְׁמוֹנֶֽה־ שְׁמוֹנָ֑ה שְׁמוֹנָ֣ה שְׁמוֹנָ֥ה שְׁמוֹנָֽה׃ שמונה שמונה־ שמונה׃ שמנה שמנה־ שמנת biš·mō·nāh biš·mō·neh biš·mō·w·neh bishmoNah bishmoNeh bišmōnāh bišmōneh bišmōwneh liš·mō·w·nāh lishmoNah lišmōwnāh šə·mō·nāh šə·mō·nāh- šə·mō·naṯ šə·mō·neh šə·mō·neh- šə·mō·w·nāh šə·mō·w·neh šə·mō·w·neh- šəmōnāh šəmōnāh- šəmōnaṯ šəmōneh šəmōneh- šəmōwnāh šəmōwneh šəmōwneh- shemoNah shemoNat shemoNeh ū·ḇiš·mō·w·neh ū·šə·mō·nāh ū·šə·mō·naṯ- ū·šə·mō·neh ū·šə·mō·neh- ū·šə·mō·w·nāh ū·šə·mō·w·naṯ ū·šə·mō·w·neh ūḇišmōwneh ūšəmōnāh ūšəmōnaṯ- ūšəmōneh ūšəmōneh- ūšəmōwnāh ūšəmōwnaṯ ūšəmōwneh ushemoNah ushemonat ushemoNeh uvishmoNehLinks Interlinear Greek • Interlinear Hebrew • Strong's Numbers • Englishman's Greek Concordance • Englishman's Hebrew Concordance • Parallel TextsEnglishman's Concordance Genesis 5:4 HEB: אֶת־ שֵׁ֔ת שְׁמֹנֶ֥ה מֵאֹ֖ת שָׁנָ֑ה NAS: of Seth were eight hundred KJV: Seth were eight hundred INT: became of Seth were eight hundred years Genesis 5:7 Genesis 5:10 Genesis 5:13 Genesis 5:16 Genesis 5:17 Genesis 5:19 Genesis 14:14 Genesis 17:12 Genesis 21:4 Genesis 22:23 Exodus 26:2 Exodus 26:25 Exodus 36:9 Exodus 36:30 Numbers 2:24 Numbers 3:28 Numbers 4:48 Numbers 7:8 Numbers 29:29 Numbers 35:7 Deuteronomy 2:14 Joshua 21:41 Judges 3:8 Judges 3:14 109 Occurrences |
    |
,
Sabean תֿמני(תׅ Homchr 47, 122 DHMZMG xxxvii (1883), 369 f., 375; Aramaic תְּמָנֵי, תְּמַנְיָא, 
, 
; Nabataean תמונא, Palmyrene תמניא, Lzb386; Late Hebrew = Biblical Hebrew; Phoenician שמן Ethiopic 
on Assyrian equivalent see Dl§ 75); — masculine (c. noun feminine) always absolute שְׁמֹנֶה