What is the meaning of Exodus 12:38? And a mixed multitude The verse opens: “And a mixed multitude…” (Exodus 12:38). • This phrase points to non-Israelites—Egyptians and perhaps other foreigners—who chose to depart with the Hebrews. • Their presence shows that the deliverance God provided was so compelling that even outsiders desired to align with His people (compare Exodus 9:20-21, where some Egyptians heeded Moses’ warnings; also see Zechariah 8:23). • Later, the Law makes room for these sojourners, stating, “There shall be one statute for the native and for the foreigner” (Exodus 12:49). God’s heart for the nations is already peeking through the Exodus story (Genesis 12:3; Isaiah 56:6-7). also went up with them “Went up” is the common biblical idiom for leaving a place of bondage and ascending toward God’s promised land (Genesis 13:1; Psalm 24:3). • The wording reminds us that salvation is a shared journey. Israel did not leave Egypt alone; others joined, foreshadowing the invitation Jesus extends to “all who are weary” (Matthew 11:28). • Yet the mixed company would later test Israel’s faith (Numbers 11:4). Scripture records both blessing and challenge when God’s people travel with those not fully committed to Him, a sober reminder to disciple newcomers well (Deuteronomy 31:12; Acts 15:19-21). along with great droves of livestock The exodus included “great droves of livestock.” • Livestock represented wealth and provision (Genesis 13:2; Job 1:3). God’s people did not leave as paupers; they departed richly supplied, just as the Lord had promised (Exodus 3:21-22). • Practically, these animals ensured food, clothing, sacrifices, and economic stability during the wilderness years (Leviticus 1:2; Numbers 20:19). • Spiritually, the abundance illustrates that redemption is not merely escape from slavery but entry into God’s fullness (John 10:10; Ephesians 3:20). both flocks and herds The verse specifies “both flocks and herds,” indicating small animals (sheep, goats) and large (cattle). • The detail underlines completeness—nothing was left behind (Exodus 10:26). • Different types of animals would serve varied purposes: daily sustenance, offerings, and future breeding. God had equipped them for every need they would face (Philippians 4:19). • This inventory anticipates the sacrificial system to be instituted at Sinai, where both “bulls and goats” would point forward to the ultimate Lamb (Hebrews 9:12-14). summary Exodus 12:38 records three complementary facts: a diverse crowd joined Israel, the journey was upward toward God’s promise, and abundant resources accompanied them. Taken together, the verse celebrates God’s inclusive invitation, His faithful provision, and the comprehensive nature of His rescue. |
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