1 Samuel 20:39

But the boy did not know anything; only Jonathan and David knew the arrangement.

Study Bible

But the boy did not know anything;
This phrase highlights the innocence and unawareness of the boy involved in the situation. In the context of 1 Samuel 20, Jonathan and David are using a covert method to communicate due to the threat posed by King Saul. The boy, likely a servant or young assistant, is unaware of the true purpose behind the actions he is participating in. This reflects a common biblical theme where God’s plans and the actions of His people are often hidden from those not directly involved, emphasizing the need for discernment and wisdom. The boy's ignorance also underscores the secrecy and danger surrounding David and Jonathan's friendship and the political tension of the time.

only Jonathan and David knew the arrangement.
Jonathan and David's knowledge of the arrangement signifies their deep bond and trust in one another. This secretive plan was devised to protect David from Saul's wrath, illustrating the loyalty and covenantal friendship between Jonathan and David. Their relationship is a powerful example of godly friendship, characterized by selflessness and sacrifice. Jonathan, despite being the heir to the throne, recognizes God's anointing on David and supports him, foreshadowing the New Testament principle of putting others before oneself (Philippians 2:3-4). This arrangement also reflects the wisdom and strategic thinking necessary to navigate the complexities of human relationships and divine purposes. The secrecy of their plan is reminiscent of other biblical narratives where God's chosen individuals must act with discretion to fulfill His will, such as Moses' hidden identity in Egypt or Jesus' parables that revealed truths only to those with ears to hear.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Jonathan
The son of King Saul and a close friend of David. He is known for his loyalty and covenant with David, even at the risk of his own position and safety.

2. David
The future king of Israel, anointed by Samuel. At this point in the account, he is fleeing from King Saul, who seeks to kill him out of jealousy and fear of losing his throne.

3. The Boy
A young servant of Jonathan who is unaware of the true purpose of the events unfolding. He is used by Jonathan to communicate secretly with David.

4. The Field
The location where Jonathan and David meet to discuss their plans and where Jonathan uses the boy to signal David about Saul's intentions.

5. The Arrangement
A secret plan devised by Jonathan and David to determine Saul's intentions towards David. It involves Jonathan shooting arrows as a signal to David.

Teaching Points

The Value of True Friendship
Jonathan and David's relationship exemplifies the depth and loyalty of true friendship. In a world where relationships can often be superficial, their bond challenges us to seek and cultivate friendships that are rooted in love, loyalty, and mutual support.

Courage in the Face of Adversity
Jonathan's actions demonstrate courage and faithfulness, even when it means going against his own father, King Saul. This teaches us the importance of standing by our convictions and supporting what is right, even when it is difficult.

God's Sovereign Plans
Despite the danger and uncertainty, God's plan for David to become king is unfolding. This reminds us that God's purposes will prevail, and we can trust Him even when circumstances seem dire.

The Importance of Discretion
The use of the boy, who is unaware of the true situation, highlights the need for discretion and wisdom in handling sensitive matters. It teaches us to be wise and careful in our communications and actions.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the friendship between Jonathan and David challenge your understanding of loyalty and commitment in your own relationships?

2. In what ways can you demonstrate courage and faithfulness in your life, especially when faced with difficult decisions?

3. How does the account of Jonathan and David encourage you to trust in God's sovereign plans, even when you cannot see the outcome?

4. What practical steps can you take to ensure discretion and wisdom in your communications, especially in sensitive situations?

5. How can the example of Jonathan and David's friendship inspire you to build deeper, more meaningful relationships within your community or church?

Connections to Other Scriptures

1 Samuel 18
This chapter details the beginning of Jonathan and David's friendship and the covenant they make, which is foundational to the events in chapter 20.

Proverbs 17:17
This verse speaks to the loyalty and steadfastness of true friendship, exemplified by Jonathan and David's relationship.

John 15:13
Jesus speaks of the greatest love being to lay down one's life for friends, which parallels Jonathan's willingness to risk his life for David.