because they have forsaken Me and burned incense to other gods, that they might provoke Me to anger with all the works of their hands. My wrath will be kindled against this place and will not be quenched.' because they have forsaken MeThis phrase highlights the recurring theme of Israel's unfaithfulness to God. Throughout the Old Testament, the Israelites often turned away from God, despite His repeated calls for repentance and faithfulness. This forsaking of God is a violation of the first commandment, which emphasizes the exclusivity of worship due to Yahweh alone ( Exodus 20:3). The historical context here is the reign of King Josiah, who was attempting to reform Judah after a period of idolatry under previous kings. and burned incense to other gods
Burning incense was a common practice in ancient Near Eastern religious rituals, symbolizing prayers or offerings to deities. The Israelites' adoption of this practice for other gods indicates syncretism, where they blended the worship of Yahweh with that of Canaanite and other foreign deities. This act was a direct violation of the covenant relationship established at Sinai, where God commanded exclusive worship (Deuteronomy 6:14-15). that they might provoke Me to anger
The provocation of God's anger is a significant theme in the prophetic literature. It underscores the personal nature of the relationship between God and His people, where their actions directly affect Him. This anthropomorphic expression of divine anger serves as a warning of impending judgment. The prophets often spoke of God's anger as a response to Israel's covenant unfaithfulness (Jeremiah 7:18-20). with all the works of their hands
This phrase refers to the idols and altars that the people of Judah constructed, which were often made by human hands. The prophets frequently criticized the futility of idol worship, pointing out that these gods were lifeless and powerless (Isaiah 44:9-20). The "works of their hands" symbolize human rebellion and the rejection of divine sovereignty. My wrath will be kindled against this place
The "place" refers to Jerusalem and the temple, the center of Jewish worship and identity. God's wrath being kindled indicates an impending judgment, which historically culminated in the Babylonian exile. This phrase serves as a prophetic warning, emphasizing the seriousness of the people's sin and the certainty of divine retribution (2 Kings 25:8-10). and will not be quenched.’
The unquenchable nature of God's wrath here suggests the inevitability and completeness of the coming judgment. This is a sobering reminder of the consequences of persistent disobedience. Theologically, it points to the holiness and justice of God, who cannot overlook sin. This phrase also foreshadows the ultimate judgment and the need for a savior, fulfilled in the New Testament through Jesus Christ, who quenches the wrath of God for those who believe (Romans 5:9). Persons / Places / Events 1. King JosiahThe king of Judah who initiated religious reforms after discovering the Book of the Law in the temple. His reign is marked by a return to the worship of Yahweh. 2. Huldah the ProphetessA prophetess in Jerusalem who confirmed the coming judgment on Judah due to their idolatry and disobedience to God. 3. JerusalemThe capital city of Judah, where the temple was located and where the people had turned to idolatry, provoking God's anger. 4. The Book of the LawDiscovered during temple repairs, it revealed the extent of Judah's departure from God's commandments, prompting Josiah's reforms. 5. Idolatry in JudahThe practice of worshiping other gods, which was prevalent in Judah and led to God's wrath as described in this verse. Teaching Points The Consequences of IdolatryIdolatry provokes God's anger and leads to severe consequences. We must guard our hearts against modern forms of idolatry, such as materialism or self-worship. The Importance of ScriptureThe rediscovery of the Book of the Law was pivotal in bringing about reform. Regular engagement with Scripture is essential for spiritual renewal and alignment with God's will. God's Unchanging NatureGod's response to sin is consistent throughout Scripture. His holiness demands justice, but His mercy offers a path to repentance and restoration. Leadership and AccountabilityJosiah's response to the discovery of the Law shows the importance of godly leadership in guiding others back to righteousness. Repentance and ReformTrue repentance involves turning away from sin and making tangible changes in our lives, as demonstrated by Josiah's reforms. Bible Study Questions 1. How does the idolatry of Judah in 2 Kings 22:17 compare to modern forms of idolatry we might face today? 2. What role does Scripture play in your life, and how can you ensure it remains central to your daily walk with God? 3. In what ways can you demonstrate godly leadership in your community or family, similar to King Josiah? 4. How does understanding God's wrath against sin deepen your appreciation for His mercy and grace? 5. What steps can you take to identify and remove any "idols" in your life that may be hindering your relationship with God? Connections to Other Scriptures Deuteronomy 29:25-28This passage outlines the consequences of forsaking God and turning to other gods, similar to the situation in 2 Kings 22:17. Jeremiah 11:17Jeremiah speaks of God's anger being kindled against Judah for their idolatry, echoing the themes of divine wrath and judgment. Exodus 20:3-5The Ten Commandments explicitly forbid the worship of other gods, highlighting the seriousness of Judah's sin. People Achbor, Adaiah, Ahikam, Asahiah, Asaiah, Azaliah, David, Harhas, Hilkiah, Huldah, Jedidah, Josiah, Meshullam, Micaiah, Michaiah, Shallum, Shaphan, TikvahPlaces Bozkath, Jerusalem, Second QuarterTopics Anger, Burn, Burned, Burning, Burns, Fire, Forsaken, Fury, Gods, Hands, Idols, Incense, Kindled, Moving, Offered, Offerings, Perfume, Provoke, Provoked, Quenched, Works, WrathDictionary of Bible Themes 2 Kings 22:17 5156 hand
5790 anger, divine
6218 provoking God
7386 incense
8468 renunciation 2 Kings 22:11-20 8160 seeking God 2 Kings 22:13-20 8129 guidance, examples 2 Kings 22:14-17 7773 prophets, role 2 Kings 22:14-20 5745 women 2 Kings 22:15-20 1429 prophecy, OT fulfilment Library The Rediscovered Law and Its Effects
'And Hilkiah the high priest said unto Shaphan the scribe, I have found the book of the law in the house of the Lord: and Hilkiah gave the book to Shaphan, and he read it. 9. And Shaphan the scribe came to the king, and brought the king word again, and said, Thy servants have gathered the money that was found in the house, and have delivered it into the hand of them that do the work, that have the oversight of the house of the Lord. 10. And Shaphan the scribe shewed the king, saying, Hilkiah the …
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy ScriptureJosiah, a Pattern for the Ignorant.
"Because thine heart was tender, and thou hast humbled thyself before the Lord, when thou heardest what I spake against this place, and against the inhabitants thereof, that they should become a desolation and a curse, and hast rent thy clothes, and wept before Me; I also have heard thee, saith the Lord. Behold therefore, I will gather thee unto thy fathers, and thou shalt be gathered into thy grave in peace; and thine eyes shall not see all the evil which I will bring upon this place."--2 Kings …
John Henry Newman—Parochial and Plain Sermons, Vol. VIII A Traveler's Note-Book
A tourist who roams for a brief while through some great country like England or Russia may jot down a few of the impressions which come home to him, making no pretense at completeness or symmetry of description. So, one who has journeyed like a hasty traveler over some passages in that vast tract of years which we describe as the classic and Christian civilizations, notes down in the following pages a few of the salient features that have impressed him. He has already prefaced this with a sort …
George S. Merriam—The Chief End of Man Whether Determinate Things are Required for a Sacrament?
Objection 1: It seems that determinate things are not required for a sacrament. For sensible things are required in sacraments for the purpose of signification, as stated above [4343](A[4]). But nothing hinders the same thing being signified by divers sensible things: thus in Holy Scripture God is signified metaphorically, sometimes by a stone (2 Kings 22:2; Zech. 3:9; 1 Cor. 10:4; Apoc. 4:3); sometimes by a lion (Is. 31:4; Apoc. 5:5); sometimes by the sun (Is. 60:19,20; Mal. 4:2), or by something …
Saint Thomas Aquinas—Summa Theologica The Instrumentality of the Wicked Employed by God, While He Continues Free from Every Taint.
1. The carnal mind the source of the objections which are raised against the Providence of God. A primary objection, making a distinction between the permission and the will of God, refuted. Angels and men, good and bad, do nought but what has been decreed by God. This proved by examples. 2. All hidden movements directed to their end by the unseen but righteous instigation of God. Examples, with answers to objections. 3. These objections originate in a spirit of pride and blasphemy. Objection, that …
John Calvin—The Institutes of the Christian Religion The Medes and the Second Chaldaean Empire
THE FALL OF NINEVEH AND THE RISE OF THE CHALDAEAN AND MEDIAN EMPIRES--THE XXVIth EGYPTIAN DYNASTY: CYAXARES, ALYATTES, AND NEBUCHADREZZAR. The legendary history of the kings of Media and the first contact of the Medes with the Assyrians: the alleged Iranian migrations of the Avesta--Media-proper, its fauna and flora; Phraortes and the beginning of the Median empire--Persia proper and the Persians; conquest of Persia by the Medes--The last monuments of Assur-bani-pal: the library of Kouyunjik--Phraortes …
G. Maspero—History Of Egypt, Chaldaea, Syria, Babylonia, and Assyria, V 8 The First Blast of the Trumpet
The English Scholar's Library etc. No. 2. The First Blast of the Trumpet &c. 1558. The English Scholar's Library of Old and Modern Works. No. 2. The First Blast of the Trumpet &c. 1558. Edited by EDWARD ARBER, F.S.A., etc., LECTURER IN ENGLISH LITERATURE, ETC., UNIVERSITY COLLEGE, LONDON. SOUTHGATE, LONDON, N. 15 August 1878. No. 2. (All rights reserved.) CONTENTS. Bibliography vii-viii Introduction …
John Knox—The First Blast of the Trumpet Why Should we not Believe These to be Angelic Operations through Dispensation of The...
16. Why should we not believe these to be angelic operations through dispensation of the providence of God, Who maketh good use of both good things and evil, according to the unsearchable depth of His judgments? whether thereby the minds of mortals be instructed, or whether deceived; whether consoled, or whether terrified: according as unto each one there is to be either a showing of mercy, or a taking of vengeance, by Him to Whom, not without a meaning, the Church doth sing "of mercy and of judgment." …
St. Augustine—On Care to Be Had for the Dead. The Credibility of Scripture Sufficiently Proved in So Far as Natural Reason Admits.
1. Secondary helps to establish the credibility of Scripture. I. The arrangement of the sacred volume. II. Its dignity. III. Its truth. IV. Its simplicity. V. Its efficacy. 2. The majesty conspicuous in the writings of the Prophets. 3. Special proofs from the Old Testament. I. The antiquity of the Books of Moses. 4. This antiquity contrasted with the dreams of the Egyptians. II. The majesty of the Books of Moses. 5. The miracles and prophecies of Moses. A profane objection refuted. 6. Another profane …
John Calvin—The Institutes of the Christian Religion Authorship of the Pentateuch.
The term Pentateuch is composed of the two Greek words, pente, five, and teuchos, which in later Alexandrine usage signified book. It denotes, therefore, the collection of five books; or, the five books of the law considered as a whole. 1. In our inquiries respecting the authorship of the Pentateuch, we begin with the undisputed fact that it existed in its present form in the days of Christ and his apostles, and had so existed from the time of Ezra. When the translators of the Greek version, …
E. P. Barrows—Companion to the Bible Synagogues: their Origin, Structure and Outward Arrangements
It was a beautiful saying of Rabbi Jochanan (Jer. Ber. v. 1), that he who prays in his house surrounds and fortifies it, so to speak, with a wall of iron. Nevertheless, it seems immediately contradicted by what follows. For it is explained that this only holds good where a man is alone, but that where there is a community prayer should be offered in the synagogue. We can readily understand how, after the destruction of the Temple, and the cessation of its symbolical worship, the excessive value attached …
Alfred Edersheim—Sketches of Jewish Social Life The Greater Prophets.
1. We have already seen (Chap. 15, Nos. 11 and 12) that from Moses to Samuel the appearances of prophets were infrequent; that with Samuel and the prophetical school established by him there began a new era, in which the prophets were recognized as a distinct order of men in the Theocracy; and that the age of written prophecy did not begin till about the reign of Uzziah, some three centuries after Samuel. The Jewish division of the latter prophets--prophets in the more restricted sense of the …
E. P. Barrows—Companion to the Bible Of the Power of Making Laws. The Cruelty of the Pope and his Adherents, in this Respect, in Tyrannically Oppressing and Destroying Souls.
1. The power of the Church in enacting laws. This made a source of human traditions. Impiety of these traditions. 2. Many of the Papistical traditions not only difficult, but impossible to be observed. 3. That the question may be more conveniently explained, nature of conscience must be defined. 4. Definition of conscience explained. Examples in illustration of the definition. 5. Paul's doctrine of submission to magistrates for conscience sake, gives no countenance to the Popish doctrine of the obligation …
John Calvin—The Institutes of the Christian Religion Of the Effects of those Prerogatives.
From these prerogatives there will arise to the elect in heaven, five notable effects:-- 1. They shall know God with a perfect knowledge (1 Cor. i. 10), so far as creatures can possibly comprehend the Creator. For there we shall see the Word, the Creator; and in the Word, all creatures that by the Word were created; so that we shall not need to learn (of the things which were made) the knowledge of him by whom all things were made. The most excellent creatures in this life, are but as a dark veil …
Lewis Bayly—The Practice of Piety Meditations for one that is Like to Die.
If thy sickness be like to increase unto death, then meditate on three things:--First, How graciously God dealeth with thee. Secondly, From what evils death will free thee. Thirdly, What good death will bring unto thee. The first sort of Meditations are, to consider God's favourable dealing with thee. 1. Meditate that God uses this chastisement of thy body but as a medicine to cure thy soul, by drawing thee, who art sick in sin, to come by repentance unto Christ, thy physician, to have thy soul healed …
Lewis Bayly—The Practice of Piety Kings
The book[1] of Kings is strikingly unlike any modern historical narrative. Its comparative brevity, its curious perspective, and-with some brilliant exceptions--its relative monotony, are obvious to the most cursory perusal, and to understand these things is, in large measure, to understand the book. It covers a period of no less than four centuries. Beginning with the death of David and the accession of Solomon (1 Kings i., ii.) it traverses his reign with considerable fulness (1 Kings iii.-xi.), …
John Edgar McFadyen—Introduction to the Old Testament Links 2 Kings 22:17 NIV2 Kings 22:17 NLT2 Kings 22:17 ESV2 Kings 22:17 NASB2 Kings 22:17 KJV
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