Matthew 7:16

By their fruit you will recognize them. Are grapes gathered from thornbushes, or figs from thistles?

Study Bible

By their fruit
This phrase emphasizes the tangible outcomes or results of a person's actions and character. In the Greek, the word for "fruit" is "karpos," which can refer to literal fruit or metaphorically to the results or deeds of a person. In a biblical context, "fruit" often symbolizes the visible evidence of one's inner spiritual state. Historically, fruit-bearing trees were a common metaphor in Jewish teachings to describe the moral and ethical outcomes of a person's life. The imagery suggests that just as a tree is known by the fruit it produces, so too are individuals recognized by their actions and behaviors. This aligns with the broader biblical principle that faith is demonstrated through works (James 2:18).

You will recognize them
The Greek word for "recognize" is "epiginosko," which implies a deep, thorough understanding or discernment. This suggests that believers are called to exercise discernment in evaluating the character and teachings of others. In the historical context of Jesus' time, false prophets and teachers were prevalent, and the early Christian community needed guidance on how to identify true followers of Christ. This phrase encourages believers to look beyond superficial appearances and to assess the authenticity of others based on their actions and the outcomes of their lives.

Do people pick grapes from thornbushes
This rhetorical question uses a vivid agricultural metaphor to illustrate the impossibility of obtaining good fruit from a bad source. Grapes, a symbol of abundance and blessing in the biblical world, cannot be harvested from thornbushes, which were often associated with desolation and curse. The imagery would have resonated with Jesus' audience, who were familiar with the agricultural practices of the time. This metaphor underscores the principle that good cannot come from evil, and it challenges believers to consider the source of teachings and actions.

Or figs from thistles?
Similar to the previous phrase, this question reinforces the idea that the nature of the source determines the quality of the fruit. Figs, another staple in the diet and economy of the ancient Near East, were a symbol of prosperity and well-being. Thistles, on the other hand, were considered nuisances and obstacles to cultivation. The contrast between figs and thistles serves to highlight the absurdity of expecting positive outcomes from negative sources. This teaching encourages believers to be vigilant and discerning, recognizing that true spiritual health and integrity will naturally produce good fruit.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Jesus Christ
The speaker of this verse, delivering the Sermon on the Mount, a foundational teaching moment in His ministry.

2. Disciples and Followers
The primary audience of the Sermon on the Mount, representing all believers who seek to live according to Jesus' teachings.

3. False Prophets
Implicit in the context, as Jesus warns against those who appear righteous but are inwardly corrupt.

4. Thornbushes and Thistles
Metaphorical elements used by Jesus to illustrate the nature of false prophets and the impossibility of them producing good fruit.

5. Fruits
Symbolic of the visible outcomes or behaviors that reveal the true nature of a person or teaching.

Teaching Points

Discernment in Leadership
Believers must exercise discernment in evaluating spiritual leaders and teachings, ensuring they align with biblical truth.

Consistency in Christian Living
Our actions and behaviors should consistently reflect our faith in Christ, producing good fruit as evidence of our relationship with Him.

The Nature of True Righteousness
True righteousness is not merely external but is evidenced by the fruit of the Spirit in our lives.

Guarding Against Deception
Be vigilant against false teachings and prophets by examining the fruits of their lives and teachings.

Cultivating Good Fruit
Actively pursue spiritual growth and maturity through prayer, study of the Word, and fellowship with other believers.

Bible Study Questions

1. How can we practically discern the "fruit" in our own lives and in the lives of others?

2. What are some specific examples of "good fruit" that should be evident in a believer's life according to Galatians 5:22-23?

3. How does abiding in Christ, as described in John 15, enable us to bear good fruit?

4. In what ways can we guard ourselves and our communities against false prophets and teachings?

5. Reflect on a time when you recognized someone by their fruit. How did this recognition impact your relationship or understanding of that person?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Galatians 5:22-23
Discusses the "fruit of the Spirit," which contrasts with the works of the flesh, providing a clear picture of what good fruit looks like in a believer's life.

John 15:1-8
Jesus speaks about the vine and branches, emphasizing the importance of abiding in Him to bear good fruit.

James 3:12
Uses similar imagery to discuss the consistency between a person's nature and their actions, reinforcing the idea that good cannot come from evil.

Proverbs 20:11
Highlights that even a child is known by their actions, whether their conduct is pure and right, aligning with the principle of recognizing people by their fruits.