Revelation 21:8

But to the cowardly and unbelieving and abominable and murderers and sexually immoral and sorcerers and idolaters and all liars, their place will be in the lake that burns with fire and sulfur. This is the second death."

Study Bible

But to the cowardly
The Greek word for "cowardly" is "δειλοῖς" (deilois), which conveys a sense of fearfulness or timidity. In the context of Revelation, this term refers to those who shrink back from faithfulness to Christ, especially in the face of persecution or trials. Historically, early Christians faced severe persecution, and this warning serves as a call to courage and steadfastness in faith. The cowardly are those who prioritize personal safety over allegiance to God, a reminder that true discipleship requires boldness and trust in God's sovereignty.

and unbelieving
The term "unbelieving" comes from the Greek "ἀπίστοις" (apistois), meaning those who lack faith or trust in God. This encompasses not only atheists or agnostics but also those who profess belief yet live in a manner inconsistent with their professed faith. In a scriptural context, belief is not merely intellectual assent but involves a deep, abiding trust in God and His promises. The unbelieving are contrasted with the faithful, who are called to live by faith and not by sight.

and abominable
"Abominable" is translated from the Greek "ἐβδελυγμένοις" (ebdelygmenois), referring to those who engage in detestable or morally repugnant acts. This term is often associated with idolatry and practices that are abhorrent to God. In the historical context of Revelation, abominable acts would include participation in pagan rituals and the worship of false gods, which were prevalent in the Roman Empire. This serves as a warning against compromising one's faith through participation in ungodly practices.

and murderers
The Greek word "φονεῦσιν" (phoneusin) refers to those who unlawfully take the life of another. Murder is a direct violation of the sixth commandment and is seen as a grave sin throughout Scripture. In a broader sense, this term can also encompass hatred and anger, as Jesus taught that these attitudes are akin to murder in the heart (Matthew 5:21-22). This highlights the importance of love and reconciliation in the Christian life.

and sexually immoral
"Sexually immoral" is derived from the Greek "πόρνοις" (pornois), which includes all forms of sexual immorality outside the bounds of biblical marriage. In the first-century Greco-Roman world, sexual immorality was rampant, and Christians were called to live counter-culturally in purity and holiness. This admonition underscores the sanctity of marriage and the call to honor God with one's body.

and sorcerers
The term "sorcerers" comes from the Greek "φαρμακοῖς" (pharmakois), which originally referred to those who used drugs or potions in magical practices. Sorcery is condemned in Scripture as it involves reliance on occult powers rather than on God. In the historical context, sorcery was often linked with idolatry and false religion, and this warning serves as a call to reject all forms of occultism and to trust solely in God's power.

and idolaters
"Idolaters" is translated from the Greek "εἰδωλολάτραις" (eidololatrais), referring to those who worship false gods or place anything above God in their lives. Idolatry was a significant issue in the early church, as believers were surrounded by pagan worship. This term serves as a reminder that God demands exclusive worship and that idolatry, in any form, is a serious offense against Him.

and all liars
The phrase "all liars" comes from the Greek "ψευδέσιν" (pseudesin), encompassing those who deceive or speak falsehoods. Lying is contrary to the nature of God, who is truth, and is condemned throughout Scripture. This warning emphasizes the importance of integrity and honesty in the life of a believer, reflecting the character of Christ.

their place will be in the lake that burns with fire and sulfur
This phrase describes the final judgment for those who persist in these sins. The "lake that burns with fire and sulfur" is a vivid depiction of eternal separation from God, often referred to as hell. The imagery of fire and sulfur is reminiscent of the destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah, symbolizing God's righteous judgment against sin. This serves as a sobering reminder of the consequences of unrepentance and the urgency of turning to Christ for salvation.

This is the second death
The "second death" refers to eternal separation from God, distinct from physical death. While physical death is a reality for all, the second death is reserved for those who reject God's offer of salvation through Jesus Christ. This concept underscores the eternal significance of one's response to the gospel and the hope of eternal life for those who believe. It is a call to repentance and faith, highlighting the ultimate victory of God's justice and mercy.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Cowardly
Those who lack courage in faith, possibly due to fear of persecution or societal pressure.

2. Unbelieving
Individuals who reject faith in God and the truth of the Gospel.

3. Abominable
Those who engage in detestable acts, often associated with idolatry and moral corruption.

4. Murderers
People who unlawfully take the life of another, violating the commandment against killing.

5. Sexually Immoral
Those who engage in sexual practices outside the boundaries set by Scripture.

6. Sorcerers
Individuals who practice witchcraft or engage in occult activities, seeking power apart from God.

7. Idolaters
Those who worship false gods or place anything above God in their lives.

8. Liars
People who deceive others, violating the commandment to bear false witness.

9. Lake of Fire
A symbolic representation of eternal separation from God, often associated with final judgment.

10. Second Death
The eternal state of separation from God, following physical death, for those not found in the Book of Life.

Teaching Points

The Seriousness of Sin
Revelation 21:8 highlights the gravity of sin and its eternal consequences. Believers are called to live in holiness and avoid these behaviors.

The Importance of Faith
The "unbelieving" are condemned, emphasizing the necessity of faith in Jesus Christ for salvation.

Courage in Faith
The "cowardly" are mentioned first, suggesting that standing firm in faith, even under persecution, is crucial.

Repentance and Transformation
While these sins lead to the second death, the Gospel offers hope through repentance and transformation in Christ.

Eternal Perspective
Understanding the reality of the second death should motivate believers to share the Gospel and live with an eternal perspective.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the list of behaviors in Revelation 21:8 challenge your current lifestyle and choices?

2. In what ways can you cultivate courage in your faith to avoid being "cowardly" as described in this verse?

3. How do the additional scriptures (1 Corinthians 6:9-10, Galatians 5:19-21) reinforce the message of Revelation 21:8?

4. What steps can you take to ensure that your faith remains strong and that you do not fall into unbelief?

5. How can the reality of the "second death" motivate you to share the Gospel with others?

Connections to Other Scriptures

1 Corinthians 6:9-10
This passage lists behaviors that prevent inheritance of the Kingdom of God, similar to those in Revelation 21:8.

Galatians 5:19-21
Paul lists the works of the flesh, which align with the behaviors condemned in Revelation 21:8.

Matthew 10:28
Jesus warns about fearing God, who can destroy both soul and body in hell, connecting to the concept of the second death.

Hebrews 10:26-31
Discusses the fearful expectation of judgment for those who continue in sin after knowing the truth.

Romans 1:18-32
Describes God's wrath against ungodliness and unrighteousness, paralleling the behaviors listed in Revelation 21:8.