Topical Encyclopedia Alexander Balas was a significant figure in the Hellenistic period, known for his role in the complex political landscape following the fragmentation of Alexander the Great's empire. He claimed to be the son of Antiochus IV Epiphanes and sought to seize the Seleucid throne from Demetrius I Soter. His account is primarily recorded in the historical books of the Maccabees, which, while not part of the Protestant canon, provide valuable historical context for the intertestamental period.Historical Background Alexander Balas emerged during a time of great turmoil and power struggles within the Seleucid Empire. After the death of Antiochus IV Epiphanes, the empire was weakened by internal strife and external pressures. Demetrius I Soter, who was ruling at the time, faced numerous challenges to his authority, both from within and outside the empire. Claim to the Throne Alexander Balas's claim to the throne was supported by several key figures and entities, including the Roman Senate, which saw him as a useful tool to destabilize Demetrius I's rule. His claim was further bolstered by Ptolemy VI Philometor of Egypt, who sought to extend his influence over the Seleucid territories. The support from these powerful allies enabled Alexander to gather a formidable force and challenge Demetrius I. Reign and Influence Alexander Balas's reign began around 150 BC after he successfully defeated Demetrius I. His rule was marked by attempts to consolidate power and gain legitimacy. He married Cleopatra Thea, the daughter of Ptolemy VI, which strengthened his ties with Egypt and further legitimized his claim to the throne. During his reign, Alexander Balas sought to maintain the favor of the Jewish people, who were a significant population within the Seleucid Empire. He appointed Jonathan Maccabeus as the high priest, a move that was likely intended to secure Jewish support. This appointment is noted in 1 Maccabees 10:20, where Alexander writes to Jonathan, saying, "We have appointed you today to be high priest of your nation, and you are to be called the king’s friend." Downfall and Death Despite his initial successes, Alexander Balas's reign was short-lived. His rule faced challenges from within the empire, and his reliance on foreign support made him vulnerable. In 145 BC, he was defeated by Demetrius II Nicator, the son of Demetrius I, who sought to reclaim his father's throne. Alexander fled to Arabia, where he was eventually killed. Legacy Alexander Balas's impact on the Seleucid Empire and the broader Hellenistic world was significant, albeit brief. His rise and fall illustrate the volatile nature of the period and the complex interplay of local and international politics. His interactions with the Jewish people, particularly his appointment of Jonathan Maccabeus, had lasting implications for the region's religious and political landscape. International Standard Bible Encyclopedia Alexander BalasALEXANDER BALAS Alexander ba'-las (Alexandros ho Balas legomenos): He contended against Demetrius I of Syria for the throne and succeeded in obtaining it. He was a youth of mean origin, but he was put forth by the enemies of Demetrius as being Alexander, the son and heir of Antiochus Epiphanes. He received the support of the Roman Senate and of Ptolemy VI of Egypt, and on account of the tyranny of Demetrius, was favored by many of the Syrians. The country was thrown into civil war and Demetrius was defeated by Alexander II took up the cause of his father and in 147 B.C., Alexander fled from his kingdom and was soon after assassinated. Library How Alexander Honored Jonathan after an Extraordinary Manner; and ... Appendix iv. An Abstract of Jewish History from the Reign of ... Book 13 Footnotes On Daniel. Ii. The Interpretation by Hippolytus, (Bishop) of Rome ... Resources What is the significance of the Greek Empire in biblical history? | GotQuestions.orgWhat happened in the intertestamental period? | GotQuestions.org Faith vs. belief'what is the difference? | GotQuestions.org Alexander: Dictionary and Thesaurus | Clyx.com Bible Concordance • Bible Dictionary • Bible Encyclopedia • Topical Bible • Bible Thesuarus |
    |