Gomer
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Topical Encyclopedia
1. Gomer, Son of Japheth

Gomer is first mentioned in the Table of Nations in Genesis 10:2-3, where he is listed as the eldest son of Japheth, one of Noah's three sons. The Berean Standard Bible states: "The sons of Japheth: Gomer, Magog, Madai, Javan, Tubal, Meshech, and Tiras. The sons of Gomer: Ashkenaz, Riphath, and Togarmah." Gomer is thus the progenitor of several nations, and his descendants are believed to have settled in regions north of Israel, possibly in areas corresponding to modern-day Europe and parts of Asia Minor.

The descendants of Gomer, particularly through his son Ashkenaz, are often associated with the Cimmerians, an ancient people who lived in what is now southern Russia and Ukraine. Historical and archaeological evidence suggests that the Cimmerians were a nomadic group known for their military prowess and incursions into the territories of the Assyrian Empire.

2. Gomer, Wife of Hosea

Gomer is also the name of the wife of the prophet Hosea, as recorded in the Book of Hosea. In Hosea 1:2-3 , the Lord commands Hosea to marry a promiscuous woman as a symbolic act to illustrate Israel's unfaithfulness to God: "When the LORD first spoke through Hosea, He said to him, 'Go, take for yourself a wife of prostitution and children of unfaithfulness, because the land is committing blatant acts of promiscuity by forsaking the LORD.' So he went and married Gomer daughter of Diblaim, and she conceived and bore him a son."

Gomer's marriage to Hosea serves as a living parable of God's relationship with Israel. Despite Gomer's unfaithfulness, Hosea's persistent love and redemption of her reflect God's unwavering love and willingness to forgive His people. This narrative underscores the themes of sin, judgment, and redemption that are central to the prophetic message.

Gomer's children, named Jezreel, Lo-Ruhamah, and Lo-Ammi, further symbolize the consequences of Israel's infidelity and the hope of eventual restoration. Hosea 2:23 captures the promise of reconciliation: "I will plant her as My own in the land, and I will have compassion on 'No Compassion.' I will say to those called 'Not My People,' 'You are My people,' and they will say, 'You are my God.'"

3. Theological Significance

The accounts of Gomer in the Bible, both as a descendant of Japheth and as the wife of Hosea, carry significant theological implications. As a descendant of Japheth, Gomer represents the spread of humanity and the fulfillment of God's command to "be fruitful and multiply, and fill the earth" (Genesis 9:1). The nations that emerged from Gomer's lineage are part of the broader narrative of God's sovereignty over all peoples and His unfolding plan for the world.

In the prophetic narrative, Gomer's life with Hosea illustrates the depth of God's covenant love and the seriousness of spiritual adultery. Her account is a poignant reminder of the consequences of turning away from God and the hope of restoration through repentance and divine grace. The marriage of Hosea and Gomer serves as a powerful metaphor for God's enduring commitment to His covenant people, despite their waywardness.

Gomer's account, therefore, is not only a historical account but also a profound theological lesson on the nature of God's love, justice, and mercy.
Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary
Gomer

to finish; complete

Smith's Bible Dictionary
Gomer

(perfect).

  1. The eldest son of Japheth, (Genesis 10:2,3) the progenitor of the early Cimmerians, of the later Cimbri and the other branches of the Celtic family, and of the modern Gael and Cymri.
  2. The wife of Hosea. (Hosea 1:3)
ATS Bible Dictionary
Gomer

1. Genesis 10:2,3; 1 Chronicles 1:5; Ezekiel 38:6, a son of Japheth, and father of Ashkenaz, Riphath, and Togarmah. He is believed to have settled the northern shores of the Black Sea, and given name to the ancient Cimmerians and to the Crimea. About 700 B. C. a part of his posterity diffused themselves in Asia Minor. Traces of his name and parentage are also found in the Cymbri, Umbri, and Cambri of historians, in Kumero and Kumeraeg, the names of the Welsh people and language, and among various nations of Europe.

2. A harlot whom the prophet Hosea appears to have married in prophetic vision, as directed by God, that the Jews might be led to reflect on the guilt of their spiritual uncleanness or idolatry, Hosea 1:1-11.

Easton's Bible Dictionary
Complete; vanishing.

(1.) The daughter of Diblaim, who (probably in vision only) became the wife of Hosea (1:3).

(2.) The eldest son of Japheth, and father of Ashkenaz, Riphath, and Togarmah (Genesis 10:2, 3), whose descendants formed the principal branch of the population of South-eastern Europe. He is generally regarded as the ancestor of the Celtae and the Cimmerii, who in early times settled to the north of the Black Sea, and gave their name to the Crimea, the ancient Chersonesus Taurica. Traces of their presence are found in the names Cimmerian Bosphorus, Cimmerian Isthmus, etc. In the seventh century B.C. they were driven out of their original seat by the Scythians, and overran western Asia Minor, whence they were afterwards expelled. They subsequently reappear in the times of the Romans as the Cimbri of the north and west of Europe, whence they crossed to the British Isles, where their descendants are still found in the Gaels and Cymry. Thus the whole Celtic race may be regarded as descended from Gomer.

Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary
1. (n.) A Hebrew measure. See Homer.

2. (n.) A conical chamber at the breech of the bore in heavy ordnance, especially in mortars; -- named after the inventor.

International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
GOMER (1)

go'-mer (gomer): Given in Genesis 10:2; 1 Chronicles 1:5 as a son of Japheth. The name evidently designates the people called Gimirra by the Assyrians, Kimmerians by the Greeks. They were a barbaric horde of Aryans who in the 7th century B.C. left their abode in what is now Southern Russia and poured through the Caucasus into Western Asia, causing serious trouble to the Assyrians and other nations. One division moved eastward toward Media, another westward, where they conquered Cappadocia and made it their special abode. They fought also in other parts of Asia Minor, conquering some portions. The Armenian name for Cappadocia, Gamir, has come from this people. In Ezekiel 38:6 Gomer is mentioned as one of the northern nations.

George Ricker Berry

GOMER (2)

go'-mer (gomer; Gamer): Wife of Hosea. Hosea married Gomer according to Divine appointment, and this was the beginning of God's word to him (Hosea 1:3; Hosea 3:1-4). She was to be a wife of whoredom and they were to have children of whoredom. This need not mean that at the time of marriage she was thus depraved, but she had the evil taint in her blood, had inherited immoral instincts. These soon manifested themselves, and the unfaithful, depraved wife of the prophet went deeper into sin. She seems to have left him and become the slave of her paramour (Hosea 3:1). Hosea is now commanded by Yahweh to buy her back, paying the price of the ordinary slave. The prophet keeps her in confinement and without a husband for some time. This experience of the prophet was typical of Israel's unfaithfulness, of Israel's exile, and of God bringing her back after the punishment of the exile.

See HOSEA.

J. J. Reeve.

Strong's Hebrew
1586. Gomer -- a son of Japheth, also his desc., also the wife of ...
... Gomer. 1587 . a son of Japheth, also his desc., also the wife of Hosea.
Transliteration: Gomer Phonetic Spelling: (go'-mer) Short Definition: Gomer. ...
/hebrew/1586.htm - 6k

8425. Togarmah -- a son of Gomer, also his desc. and their land
... 8424, 8425. Togarmah or Togarmah. 8426 . a son of Gomer, also his desc. ... Word
Origin probably of foreign origin Definition a son of Gomer, also his desc. ...
/hebrew/8425.htm - 6k

7384. Riphath -- a son of Gomer, also his desc.
... 7383, 7384. Riphath or Diphath. 7385 . a son of Gomer, also his desc. ... Word Origin
probably of foreign origin Definition a son of Gomer, also his desc. ...
/hebrew/7384.htm - 6k

813. Ashkenaz -- a son of Gomer, also his desc. and their land
... 812, 813. Ashkenaz. 814 . a son of Gomer, also his desc. ... Word Origin of
uncertain derivation Definition a son of Gomer, also his desc. ...
/hebrew/813.htm - 6k

1784b. Diphath -- a son of Gomer
... a son of Gomer. Transliteration: Diphath Short Definition: Diphath. Word Origin
of uncertain derivation Definition a son of Gomer NASB Word Usage Diphath (1). ...
/hebrew/1784b.htm - 5k

Library

Hosea
... seem to be the result of long and agonized meditation on the meaning of his wedded
life: it was not at once that he discovered Gomer to be an unfaithful wife, i ...
//christianbookshelf.org/mcfadyen/introduction to the old testament/hosea.htm

Chapter x
... When the eighth century is suggested, it is because Cimmerians (Gomer) then
first appeared south of the Caucasus and so came to notice. ...
//christianbookshelf.org/leupold/exposition of genesis volume 1/chapter x.htm

How Every Nation was Denominated from their First Inhabitants.
... their own names. For Gomer founded those whom the Greeks now call Galatians,
[Galls,] but were then called Gomerites. Magog founded ...
/.../josephus/the antiquities of the jews/chapter 6 how every nation.htm

The Section Chap. I. -iii.
... Several suppose that the woman, whom the prophet is here commanded to love,
is his former wife, Gomer,"with her he should get reconciled. ...
/.../hengstenberg/christology of the old testament/the section chap i -iii.htm

CHAPTER III.
... us to explain "love" by "love again," or even by "restitue amoris signa" as is done
by those who hold the opinion, already refuted, that the woman is Gomer? ...
/.../hengstenberg/christology of the old testament/chapter iii.htm

Then Moses, Exulting in the Safety of his Own People...
... Moreover, as an abiding witness to the divine gift, Moses is related to have laid
up a full gomer of it in a golden vessel. Footnotes: [279] "Virtute.". ...
/.../life and writings of sulpitius severus /chapter xvi then moses exulting.htm

Letter Lxx. To Magnus an Orator of Rome.
... Hosea took a wife of whoredoms, Gomer the daughter of Diblaim, and this
harlot bore him a son called Jezreel or the seed of God. ...
/.../jerome/the principal works of st jerome/letter lxx to magnus an.htm

[Endnotes]
... Hamathite. Obal, " Abimael, " Sheba, " Ophir, " Havilah, " Jobab. ". JAPHETH.
Gomer, Magog. Madai. Javan, Tubal. Meshech. Tiras. ...
//christianbookshelf.org/killen/the ancient church/endnotes.htm

Letter cxxiii. To Ageruchia.
... [3301] Genesis 25:22, 23. [3302] Genesis 38:27-30. [3303] Ephesians 2:14. [3304]
Gomer the wife of Hosea. [3305] Hosea 2:7; iii. 3. [3306] Romans 11:25, 26. ...
/.../jerome/the principal works of st jerome/letter cxxiii to ageruchia.htm

Babylonia and Assyria
... The Gimirra or Kimmerians, the Gomer of the Old Testament, driven by the Scyths
from their seats on the Dniester and the Sea of Azof, suddenly appeared on the ...
/.../early israel and the surrounding nations/chapter vi babylonia and assyria.htm

Thesaurus
Gomer (7 Occurrences)
... Thus the whole Celtic race may be regarded as descended from Gomer. Noah Webster's
Dictionary. 1. (n.) A Hebrew measure. ... Standard Bible Encyclopedia. GOMER (1). ...
/g/gomer.htm - 11k

Togarmah (4 Occurrences)
... Easton's Bible Dictionary. (1.) A son of Gomer, and grandson of Japheth (Genesis
10:3). ... Genesis 10:3 The sons of Gomer: Ashkenaz, Riphath, and Togarmah. ...
/t/togarmah.htm - 9k

Riphath (2 Occurrences)
... Easton's Bible Dictionary A crusher, Gomer's second son (Genesis 10:3), supposed
to have been the ancestor of the Paphlagonians. Int. ...
/r/riphath.htm - 7k

Ashkenaz (3 Occurrences)
... Easton's Bible Dictionary One of the three sons of Gomer (Genesis 10:3),
and founder of one of the tribes of the Japhetic race. ...
/a/ashkenaz.htm - 8k

Japheth (12 Occurrences)
... reasonably be questioned that the author [of Genesis 10] has in his account of the
sons of Japheth classed together the Cymry or Celts (Gomer), the Medes (Madai ...
/j/japheth.htm - 15k

Diblaim (1 Occurrence)
... Easton's Bible Dictionary Doubled cakes, the mother of Gomer, who was Hosea's
wife (Hosea 1:3). Int. Standard Bible Encyclopedia. DIBLAIM. ...
/d/diblaim.htm - 7k

Javan (12 Occurrences)
... Javan (12 Occurrences). Genesis 10:2 The sons of Japheth: Gomer, Magog, Madai, Javan,
Tubal, Meshech, and Tiras. (WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS YLT NAS RSV NIV). ...
/j/javan.htm - 12k

Tiras (2 Occurrences)
... Tiras (2 Occurrences). Genesis 10:2 The sons of Japheth: Gomer, Magog, Madai, Javan,
Tubal, Meshech, and Tiras. (WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS YLT NAS RSV NIV). ...
/t/tiras.htm - 8k

Togar'mah (2 Occurrences)
... Genesis 10:3 And the sons of Gomer: Ashkenaz, and Riphath, and Togarmah. (See RSV).
1 Chronicles 1:6 And the sons of Gomer: Ashkenaz, and Diphath, and Togarmah. ...
/t/togar'mah.htm - 6k

Tubal (9 Occurrences)
... (WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS YLT NAS RSV NIV). Genesis 10:2 The sons of Japheth:
Gomer, Magog, Madai, Javan, Tubal, Meshech, and Tiras. ...
/t/tubal.htm - 12k

Resources
Who was Gomer in the Bible? | GotQuestions.org

Why did God tell Hosea to marry a prostitute (Hosea 1:2)? | GotQuestions.org

Who was Lo-ammi in the Bible? | GotQuestions.org

Gomer: Dictionary and Thesaurus | Clyx.com

Bible ConcordanceBible DictionaryBible EncyclopediaTopical BibleBible Thesuarus
Concordance
Gomer (7 Occurrences)

Genesis 10:2
The sons of Japheth: Gomer, Magog, Madai, Javan, Tubal, Meshech, and Tiras.
(WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS YLT NAS RSV NIV)

Genesis 10:3
The sons of Gomer: Ashkenaz, Riphath, and Togarmah.
(WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS YLT NAS RSV NIV)

1 Chronicles 1:5
The sons of Japheth: Gomer, and Magog, and Madai, and Javan, and Tubal, and Meshech, and Tiras.
(WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS YLT NAS RSV NIV)

1 Chronicles 1:6
The sons of Gomer: Ashkenaz, and Diphath, and Togarmah.
(WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS YLT NAS RSV NIV)

Ezekiel 38:6
Gomer, and all his hordes; the house of Togarmah in the uttermost parts of the north, and all his hordes; even many peoples with you.
(WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS YLT NAS RSV NIV)

Hosea 1:3
So he went and took Gomer the daughter of Diblaim; and she conceived, and bore him a son.
(WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS YLT NAS RSV NIV)

Hosea 1:8
Now when she had weaned Lo-Ruhamah, she conceived, and bore a son.
(See NIV)

Subtopics

Gomer

Gomer: A People Descended from Gomer

Gomer: Son of Japheth

Gomer: Wife (Concubine?) of Hosea

Related Terms

Togarmah (4 Occurrences)

Riphath (2 Occurrences)

Ashkenaz (3 Occurrences)

Japheth (12 Occurrences)

Diblaim (1 Occurrence)

Javan (12 Occurrences)

Tiras (2 Occurrences)

Togar'mah (2 Occurrences)

Tubal (9 Occurrences)

Diphath (1 Occurrence)

Madai (2 Occurrences)

Magog (5 Occurrences)

Meshech (11 Occurrences)

Ash'kenaz (3 Occurrences)

Genealogy (29 Occurrences)

Goliath (6 Occurrences)

Nations (683 Occurrences)

Table (125 Occurrences)

Gomorrah (25 Occurrences)

Hosea (6 Occurrences)

Quarters (17 Occurrences)

North (164 Occurrences)

Lo-ammi (2 Occurrences)

Loammi (1 Occurrence)

Gog (12 Occurrences)

Remote (17 Occurrences)

Esarhaddon (3 Occurrences)

Dispersion (4 Occurrences)

Dibla'im (1 Occurrence)

Medes (15 Occurrences)

Beth-togar'mah (2 Occurrences)

Beth-togarmah (2 Occurrences)

Conceiveth (27 Occurrences)

Ashchenaz (2 Occurrences)

Band (150 Occurrences)

Country

Hordes (24 Occurrences)

Inmost (49 Occurrences)

Cosmological

Uttermost (48 Occurrences)

Conceived (66 Occurrences)

World (2829 Occurrences)

Troops (92 Occurrences)

Assyria (124 Occurrences)

Goliath's Sword
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