Biblical Context:
The reinstatement of Peter by Jesus is a significant event recorded in the Gospel of John, specifically in John 21:15-19. This event occurs after Jesus' resurrection, during one of His appearances to the disciples by the Sea of Tiberias (Sea of Galilee). It is a moment of restoration and commissioning for Peter, who had previously denied Jesus three times before the crucifixion (John 18:15-27).

Scriptural Account:
In John 21:15-19 , the narrative unfolds as follows:

"When they had finished eating, Jesus asked Simon Peter, 'Simon son of John, do you love Me more than these?' 'Yes, Lord,' he answered, 'You know I love You.' Jesus replied, 'Feed My lambs.'

Jesus asked a second time, 'Simon son of John, do you love Me?' 'Yes, Lord,' he answered, 'You know I love You.' Jesus told him, 'Shepherd My sheep.'

Jesus asked a third time, 'Simon son of John, do you love Me?' Peter was deeply hurt that Jesus had asked him a third time, 'Do you love Me?' 'Lord, You know all things,' he replied. 'You know I love You.' Jesus said to him, 'Feed My sheep. Truly, truly, I tell you, when you were young, you dressed yourself and walked where you wanted; but when you are old, you will stretch out your hands, and someone else will dress you and lead you where you do not want to go.' Jesus said this to indicate the kind of death by which Peter would glorify God. And after He had said this, He told him, 'Follow Me.'"

Theological Significance:
The reinstatement of Peter is rich with theological meaning. It highlights the themes of forgiveness, restoration, and the call to discipleship. Despite Peter's earlier denial, Jesus offers him grace and a renewed purpose. The threefold questioning by Jesus mirrors Peter's three denials, symbolically restoring him to his role among the apostles.

Peter's Role and Commission:
Jesus' command to "Feed My lambs," "Shepherd My sheep," and "Feed My sheep" signifies Peter's pastoral responsibility. He is entrusted with the care and leadership of the early Christian community. This moment marks Peter's transition from a disciple who faltered to a foundational leader in the Church, emphasizing the transformative power of Christ's forgiveness and calling.

Prophetic Indication:
Jesus' words about Peter's future ("when you are old, you will stretch out your hands") are understood as a prophecy of Peter's martyrdom. Early Christian tradition holds that Peter was crucified in Rome, thus fulfilling Jesus' prediction that Peter would glorify God through his death.

Implications for Believers:
The account of Jesus reinstating Peter serves as a powerful reminder of the possibility of redemption and restoration for all believers. It underscores the importance of love and devotion to Christ as the foundation for ministry and service. Peter's experience encourages Christians to persevere in faith, even after failure, trusting in Christ's grace and guidance.

Historical and Cultural Context:
In the cultural context of the first-century Jewish world, the act of eating together, as seen in this passage, signifies fellowship and reconciliation. Jesus' choice to address Peter in this setting underscores the personal and communal aspects of forgiveness and restoration.

Conclusion:
The reinstatement of Peter is a pivotal moment in the New Testament, illustrating the depth of Christ's love and the transformative power of His grace. It serves as a testament to the enduring call to follow Jesus, regardless of past failures, and to embrace the responsibilities of discipleship with renewed commitment.