Biblical Reference: Joshua 2:1-24

Historical Context: The event of Joshua sending spies to Jericho occurs shortly after the Israelites have crossed the Jordan River and are preparing to enter the Promised Land. This marks a pivotal moment in Israelite history as they transition from their wilderness wanderings to the conquest of Canaan. Joshua, the successor of Moses, leads the people with a mandate from God to take possession of the land promised to their forefathers.

Narrative Summary: In Joshua 2, Joshua, the leader of the Israelites, sends two spies from Shittim to secretly explore the land, especially Jericho. The spies enter the city and lodge at the house of Rahab, a prostitute. The king of Jericho learns of their presence and sends orders to Rahab to bring out the men. However, Rahab hides the spies and tells the king's men that they had already left the city. She then confesses to the spies her belief in the God of Israel, acknowledging the fear that has fallen upon the inhabitants of the land due to the Israelites' previous victories.

Rahab requests protection for her family in exchange for her assistance. The spies agree, instructing her to tie a scarlet cord in her window as a sign for her household to be spared during the impending conquest. After safely escaping the city, the spies return to Joshua, reporting that "The LORD has surely delivered the entire land into our hands. Indeed, all the inhabitants of the land are melting in fear of us" (Joshua 2:24).

Theological Significance: This account highlights several key themes in the biblical narrative. Firstly, it underscores the sovereignty and faithfulness of God in fulfilling His promises to Israel. The fear of the Canaanites and the successful espionage mission demonstrate God's providential hand in preparing the way for Israel's conquest.

Secondly, the account of Rahab illustrates the inclusivity of God's grace. Despite her background, Rahab's faith in the God of Israel leads to her and her family's salvation. Her inclusion in the genealogy of Jesus (Matthew 1:5) further emphasizes the redemptive power of faith and God's willingness to incorporate Gentiles into His covenant community.

Moral and Ethical Implications: The narrative encourages believers to trust in God's promises and to act courageously in faith, as exemplified by both Joshua and Rahab. It also serves as a reminder of the importance of obedience and the impact of individual actions on the broader community. Rahab's decision to protect the spies not only secured her family's safety but also contributed to the success of Israel's mission.

Cultural and Historical Insights: Jericho was a fortified city, strategically significant as the gateway to Canaan. The sending of spies was a common military tactic in ancient warfare, aimed at gathering intelligence and assessing the enemy's strength. Rahab's profession as a prostitute may have provided her with unique access to information and the ability to move unnoticed, making her an ideal ally for the spies.

Key Characters:
· Joshua: The leader of Israel, chosen by God to succeed Moses and lead the people into the Promised Land.
· The Spies: Two unnamed men sent by Joshua to gather intelligence on Jericho.
· Rahab: A Canaanite woman whose faith in the God of Israel leads to her and her family's salvation.

Key Locations:
· Shittim: The Israelite encampment east of the Jordan River, from where the spies are sent.
· Jericho: A significant Canaanite city, known for its formidable walls and strategic location.

Cross-References:
· Hebrews 11:31: Rahab is commended for her faith in the New Testament.
· James 2:25: Rahab's actions are cited as an example of faith demonstrated through works.

This entry provides a comprehensive overview of the biblical account of Joshua sending spies to Jericho, highlighting its historical, theological, and moral dimensions.