Ater is a biblical figure mentioned in the context of the post-exilic period, specifically in the books of Ezra and Nehemiah. The name "Ater" means "left-handed" or "shut" in Hebrew, and it is associated with a family lineage that played a significant role in the restoration of Jerusalem after the Babylonian exile.

Biblical References:

1. Ezra 2:42 : "The descendants of the gatekeepers: the sons of Shallum, the sons of Ater, the sons of Talmon, the sons of Akkub, the sons of Hatita, and the sons of Shobai totaled 139." This verse lists Ater among the families of gatekeepers who returned to Jerusalem with Zerubbabel. The gatekeepers were responsible for the security and proper functioning of the temple, ensuring that only those who were ceremonially clean could enter.

2. Nehemiah 7:45 : "The gatekeepers: the descendants of Shallum, Ater, Talmon, Akkub, Hatita, and Shobai totaled 138." This passage mirrors the account in Ezra, emphasizing the continuity and importance of the gatekeepers' role in the reestablished community. The slight numerical discrepancy between Ezra and Nehemiah may reflect different stages of the census or variations in record-keeping.

Role and Significance:

The porters, or gatekeepers, were crucial to the religious and communal life of Israel. They were tasked with guarding the entrances to the temple, maintaining order, and ensuring that the sanctity of the worship space was preserved. The inclusion of Ater's descendants among the gatekeepers highlights their dedication to the service of God and the community.

The return of the exiles and the rebuilding of the temple and Jerusalem's walls were pivotal events in Jewish history. Families like Ater's, who took on essential roles, were instrumental in reestablishing the religious practices and cultural identity of the Jewish people. Their commitment to their duties underscored the collective effort required to restore the nation both physically and spiritually.

Historical and Theological Context:

The post-exilic period was marked by a renewed focus on the Law of Moses and the covenant relationship between God and Israel. The gatekeepers, including the descendants of Ater, were part of a broader movement to restore proper worship and adherence to the Torah. Their service was not merely functional but also symbolic of the community's dedication to holiness and obedience to God's commandments.

In the broader narrative of Scripture, the role of gatekeepers can be seen as a metaphor for spiritual vigilance and the guarding of one's heart against impurity. The descendants of Ater, through their faithful service, exemplify the importance of diligence and faithfulness in the life of a believer.

Conclusion:

Ater, as a porter, represents a lineage committed to the service and protection of the sacred. His descendants' role in the post-exilic community underscores the importance of every member's contribution to the collective worship and spiritual health of God's people. Through their example, the biblical narrative invites believers to consider their own roles in safeguarding and nurturing their faith communities.Ezra 2:42
The children of the porters: the children of Shallum, the children of Ater, the children of Talmon, the children of Akkub, the children of Hatita, the children of Shobai, in all an hundred thirty and nine.
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Nehemiah 7:45
The porters: the children of Shallum, the children of Ater, the children of Talmon, the children of Akkub, the children of Hatita, the children of Shobai, an hundred thirty and eight.
Nave's Topical Index

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