Esau: Polygamy of
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Esau, the elder son of Isaac and Rebekah, is a significant figure in the biblical narrative, particularly in the context of his relationships and marriages. Known for his impulsive nature and as the twin brother of Jacob, Esau's choices in marriage are noteworthy and have theological implications within the biblical text.

Esau's polygamous relationships are first mentioned in Genesis 26:34-35: "When Esau was forty years old, he took as wives Judith the daughter of Beeri the Hittite, and Basemath the daughter of Elon the Hittite. And they were a source of grief to Isaac and Rebekah." This passage highlights Esau's decision to marry Canaanite women, which was contrary to the desires of his parents and the covenantal expectations set by God for the descendants of Abraham. The marriages to Judith and Basemath, both Hittites, were seen as a departure from the covenantal lineage, as the Canaanites were often associated with idolatry and practices contrary to the worship of Yahweh.

Esau's choice of wives is further expanded in Genesis 28:8-9: "So Esau realized that the daughters of Canaan were displeasing to his father Isaac, and he went to Ishmael and married Mahalath, the sister of Nebaioth and daughter of Abraham’s son Ishmael, in addition to the wives he already had." In an attempt to appease his parents, Esau marries Mahalath, a daughter of Ishmael, Abraham's other son. This marriage, while still outside the direct line of the covenant, reflects Esau's awareness of his parents' disapproval and his attempt to align more closely with the broader Abrahamic family.

Esau's polygamy is indicative of his character and priorities. His marriages to multiple women, particularly those outside the covenant community, underscore a pattern of decisions driven by immediate desires rather than spiritual discernment or adherence to the covenantal promises given to his grandfather Abraham. This aspect of Esau's life is often contrasted with his brother Jacob, who, despite his own flaws, ultimately aligns himself with the covenantal promises through his marriages and descendants.

The narrative of Esau's polygamy serves as a backdrop to the broader themes of covenant faithfulness and the consequences of choices that deviate from divine instructions. His marriages are not merely personal decisions but are woven into the larger tapestry of God's redemptive history, illustrating the tension between human will and divine purpose.
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Genesis 26:34
And Esau was forty years old when he took to wife Judith the daughter of Beeri the Hittite, and Bashemath the daughter of Elon the Hittite:
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Genesis 28:9
Then went Esau to Ishmael, and took to the wives which he had Mahalath the daughter of Ishmael Abraham's son, the sister of Nebajoth, to be his wife.
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Genesis 36:2,3
Esau took his wives of the daughters of Canaan; Adah the daughter of Elon the Hittite, and Aholibamah the daughter of Anah the daughter of Zibeon the Hivite;
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Library

The Israelites
... Had the name of Esau not been preserved we should not have known the true ... David were
troubled by revolts which had their origin partly in the polygamy in which ...
/.../sayce/early israel and the surrounding nations/chapter i the israelites.htm

Index of Subjects. Abel, 124, 136, 193, 414.
... Isaac, [875]403. Israel, the spiritual, [876]99, [877]102, [878]103. Jacob and Esau,
[879]398, [880]423. James, St., misinterpreted by the Pelagians, [881]126. ...
/.../augustine/anti-pelagian writings/index of subjects abel 124.htm

Faustus States his Objections to the Morality of the Law and the ...
writings in connection with the Manich??an controversy. <. ...
/.../faustus states his objections to.htm

Resources
Who was Jacob in the Bible? | GotQuestions.org

What does Israel mean in the Bible? | GotQuestions.org

What is the difference between a blessing and a birthright (Genesis 25)? | GotQuestions.org

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Subtopics

Esau

Esau and Jacob

Esau is Defrauded of his Father's Blessing by Jacob

Esau with Jacob, Buries his Father

Esau: A Hunter

Esau: Ancestor of Edomites

Esau: Beloved by Isaac

Esau: Birth of

Esau: Called Edom

Esau: Descendants of

Esau: His Marriage To, a Grief to Isaac and Rebekah

Esau: His Name Used to Denote his Descendants and Their Country

Esau: Hostility of Descendants of, Toward the Descendants of Jacob

Esau: Marries a Hittite Woman

Esau: Meets Jacob on the Return of the Latter from Haran

Esau: Mount of Edom, Called Mount of Esau

Esau: Polygamy of

Esau: Prophecies Concerning

Esau: Sells his Birthright for a Single Meal

Miscegenation: Esau

Related Terms

Esau's (13 Occurrences)

Bashemath (6 Occurrences)

Se'ir (36 Occurrences)

Basmath (7 Occurrences)

Basemath (7 Occurrences)

Reuel (14 Occurrences)

Adah (8 Occurrences)

Eliphaz (14 Occurrences)

Dukes (14 Occurrences)

Duke (14 Occurrences)

Chiefs (227 Occurrences)

Oholibamah (7 Occurrences)

Jeush (9 Occurrences)

Reu'el (10 Occurrences)

El'iphaz (6 Occurrences)

Bas'emath (7 Occurrences)

Rebecca (28 Occurrences)

Seir (38 Occurrences)

Jalam (4 Occurrences)

Jaalam (4 Occurrences)

Aholibamah (7 Occurrences)

Anah (10 Occurrences)

Amalek (35 Occurrences)

Oholiba'mah (7 Occurrences)

Je'ush (9 Occurrences)

Birthright (10 Occurrences)

Teman (12 Occurrences)

Nahath (5 Occurrences)

Grandsons (9 Occurrences)

Mizzah (3 Occurrences)

Rebekah (31 Occurrences)

Edom (108 Occurrences)

Edomites (22 Occurrences)

Venison (10 Occurrences)

Kenaz (11 Occurrences)

Omar (3 Occurrences)

Game (11 Occurrences)

Slay (189 Occurrences)

Timna (6 Occurrences)

Elon (8 Occurrences)

Pottage (7 Occurrences)

Birth-right (9 Occurrences)

Shammah (8 Occurrences)

Stew (7 Occurrences)

Beareth (108 Occurrences)

Descended (64 Occurrences)

Zibeon (7 Occurrences)

Zib'eon (7 Occurrences)

First-born (110 Occurrences)

Oldest (58 Occurrences)

Older (43 Occurrences)

Lifteth (69 Occurrences)

Living-place (83 Occurrences)

Granddaughter (5 Occurrences)

Wept (78 Occurrences)

Isaac's (8 Occurrences)

Mahalath (6 Occurrences)

Mountain-land (2 Occurrences)

Provision (50 Occurrences)

Beeri (2 Occurrences)

Commandeth (60 Occurrences)

Younger (39 Occurrences)

Horites (6 Occurrences)

Horim (2 Occurrences)

Hairy (7 Occurrences)

Dish (54 Occurrences)

Settled (112 Occurrences)

Bare (250 Occurrences)

Wives (159 Occurrences)

Zerah (22 Occurrences)

Descendants (326 Occurrences)

Jacob's (34 Occurrences)

Bore (221 Occurrences)

Calleth (261 Occurrences)

Leah (30 Occurrences)

Firstborn (119 Occurrences)

Please (324 Occurrences)

Attack (221 Occurrences)

Bless (174 Occurrences)

Esau: Mount of Edom, Called Mount of Esau
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