Topical Encyclopedia Nabal is a biblical figure prominently featured in 1 Samuel 25. He is described as a wealthy but harsh and surly man from the region of Maon, with his business operations centered in Carmel. Nabal's account is intertwined with that of David, who would later become king of Israel, and Nabal's wife, Abigail.Background and Character Nabal is introduced as a man of considerable wealth, owning three thousand sheep and a thousand goats. His name, which means "fool" in Hebrew, is reflective of his character as depicted in the biblical narrative. The text describes him as "harsh and evil in his dealings" (1 Samuel 25:3). Nabal is a descendant of Caleb, a notable figure from the tribe of Judah, which adds a layer of irony to his character given Caleb's reputation for faithfulness and courage. Encounter with David The primary account of Nabal occurs during the time when David was fleeing from King Saul. David and his men had been providing protection to the shepherds in the wilderness, ensuring that Nabal's flocks were not harmed. During the shearing season, a time of festivity and abundance, David sent ten young men to Nabal to request provisions, appealing to the goodwill that should have been engendered by their protection. Nabal's response was dismissive and insulting. He questioned David's identity and legitimacy, saying, "Who is David? And who is the son of Jesse? Many servants these days are breaking away from their masters" (1 Samuel 25:10). Nabal's refusal to provide for David's men was not only a breach of the hospitality customs of the time but also a direct affront to David's honor. Abigail's Intervention Nabal's wife, Abigail, is introduced as "intelligent and beautiful" (1 Samuel 25:3). Upon learning of her husband's actions and the potential danger it posed, she acted swiftly and wisely. Without informing Nabal, she prepared a generous gift of food and wine and went to meet David. Her intervention was marked by humility and diplomacy. She acknowledged David's future as the leader of Israel and pleaded for forgiveness on behalf of her husband, attributing his behavior to his foolish nature. Abigail's actions averted bloodshed, as David had intended to destroy Nabal and his household in retaliation. David recognized her wisdom and thanked God for sending her to prevent him from taking vengeance into his own hands. Nabal's Death After Abigail's successful intervention, she returned to find Nabal holding a feast "like that of a king" (1 Samuel 25:36). He was in high spirits and very drunk, so she waited until the next morning to inform him of what had transpired. Upon hearing the news, Nabal's heart "died within him, and he became like a stone" (1 Samuel 25:37). About ten days later, the Lord struck Nabal, and he died. Aftermath Following Nabal's death, David sent for Abigail and took her as his wife, recognizing her virtue and wisdom. This union further solidified David's position and influence as he continued his journey toward kingship. Nabal's account serves as a cautionary tale about the consequences of foolishness and pride, contrasting sharply with the wisdom and discernment of Abigail. His interactions with David highlight the importance of hospitality, respect, and the recognition of God's anointed. Nave's Topical Index 1 Samuel 25:2-38And there was a man in Maon, whose possessions were in Carmel; and the man was very great, and he had three thousand sheep, and a thousand goats: and he was shearing his sheep in Carmel. Nave's Topical Index Library The History of Saul How David, when He had Twice the Opportunity of Killing Saul did ... David's Anger The House of Zacharias. Book 5 Footnotes In Judaea David's Deserts Saul Rejected Barzillai The Exile Continued. Resources What is a Calebite? | GotQuestions.orgHow many wives did King David have? | GotQuestions.org What is common grace? | GotQuestions.org Bible Concordance • Bible Dictionary • Bible Encyclopedia • Topical Bible • Bible Thesuarus |
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