Zeruah is a biblical figure mentioned in the Old Testament as the mother of Jeroboam, the first king of the northern kingdom of Israel after the division of the united monarchy. Her name, Zeruah, is of Hebrew origin and is often interpreted to mean "leprous" or "stricken," though the significance of this name in relation to her life or character is not explicitly detailed in the biblical text.

Biblical References:

Zeruah is mentioned in 1 Kings 11:26, which provides the primary biblical reference to her: "Now Jeroboam son of Nebat, an Ephraimite from Zeredah, whose mother’s name was Zeruah, a widow, was in the service of Solomon, but he rebelled against the king."

This passage introduces Zeruah in the context of her son Jeroboam's rise to prominence. Jeroboam, an Ephraimite, was a servant of King Solomon who eventually rebelled against the king, leading to his significant role in the history of Israel. The mention of Zeruah as a widow may imply that Jeroboam's father, Nebat, had passed away, leaving Zeruah to raise her son alone. This detail, while brief, provides insight into the familial background and possible challenges faced by Jeroboam during his formative years.

Historical and Cultural Context:

Zeruah's mention as a widow is significant in the cultural and historical context of ancient Israel. Widows in biblical times often faced economic and social challenges, as they were typically reliant on their male relatives for support. The fact that Jeroboam rose to a position of influence and leadership despite these potential hardships speaks to his capabilities and perhaps to the strength and resilience of his mother, Zeruah.

Theological Significance:

While Zeruah herself is not a central figure in biblical narratives, her role as the mother of Jeroboam places her within the larger theological framework of Israel's history. Jeroboam's rebellion and subsequent rule over the northern kingdom were pivotal events that fulfilled the prophecy given to him by the prophet Ahijah. This division of the kingdom was seen as a consequence of Solomon's disobedience to God, as detailed in 1 Kings 11:29-39.

Zeruah's mention in the Bible, though brief, serves as a reminder of the often-overlooked individuals who played roles in the unfolding of God's plan for Israel. Her identity as a widow and mother of a future king highlights the diverse backgrounds from which God calls individuals to fulfill His purposes.

Conclusion:

Zeruah's legacy is primarily tied to her son Jeroboam, whose actions and leadership had lasting impacts on the history of Israel. Her mention in the biblical text, though limited, provides a glimpse into the familial and social dynamics of the time, offering a deeper understanding of the context in which the events of the divided kingdom unfolded.1 Kings 11:26
And Jeroboam the son of Nebat, an Ephrathite of Zereda, Solomon's servant, whose mother's name was Zeruah, a widow woman, even he lifted up his hand against the king.
Nave's Topical Index

6871. Tseruah -- mother of Jeroboam
... Definition: Zeruah. Word Origin from the same as tsaraath Definition mother
of Jeroboam NASB Word Usage Zeruah (1). Zeruah. Feminine ...
/hebrew/6871.htm - 6k

The New Garment Bent
... THE FIRST BOOK OF KINGS THE NEW GARMENT BENT. 'And Jeroboam, the son of Nebat, an
Ephrathite of Zereda, Solomon's servant, whose mother's name was Zeruah, a ...
/.../maclaren/expositions of holy scripture f/the new garment bent.htm

Who was King Jeroboam in the Bible? | GotQuestions.org

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