Introduction:
Sardius, also known as sardine, is a precious stone mentioned in the Bible, notable for its deep red color. It is often associated with beauty, value, and divine symbolism. The stone is referenced in various biblical contexts, highlighting its significance in ancient times.

Biblical References:
The sardius stone is mentioned in several key passages in the Bible, each illustrating its importance and symbolic meaning.

1. Exodus 28:17-20 :
The sardius is listed as the first stone in the first row of the high priest's breastplate, also known as the Breastplate of Judgment. This breastplate was worn by the high priest Aaron and was set with twelve stones, each representing one of the twelve tribes of Israel. The inclusion of the sardius signifies its esteemed status and its role in the religious and cultural life of the Israelites.

2. Ezekiel 28:13 :
In this passage, the prophet Ezekiel describes the beauty and splendor of the King of Tyre, using the imagery of precious stones. The sardius is mentioned among other gems, emphasizing the king's magnificence and the divine craftsmanship attributed to his creation. This reference underscores the stone's association with wealth and divine favor.

3. Revelation 4:3 :
The sardius appears in the apocalyptic vision of John, where he describes the One seated on the heavenly throne: "And the One who sat there had the appearance of jasper and carnelian (sardius)." This imagery conveys the glory and majesty of God, with the sardius symbolizing divine radiance and authority.

Symbolism and Significance:
The sardius stone holds rich symbolic meaning within the biblical narrative. Its deep red color is often associated with blood, sacrifice, and redemption, themes central to the Christian faith. The stone's placement on the high priest's breastplate signifies its role in intercession and judgment, reflecting the priest's duty to mediate between God and the people.

In the context of Ezekiel and Revelation, the sardius represents divine beauty and power. Its presence in these visions highlights the transcendence and holiness of God, as well as the ultimate redemption and restoration promised to believers.

Historical and Cultural Context:
The sardius stone, likely a variety of red chalcedony or carnelian, was highly prized in the ancient Near East. Its use in jewelry and religious artifacts underscores its value and desirability. The stone's durability and vibrant color made it a popular choice for engraving and ornamentation.

In biblical times, gemstones were not only valued for their beauty but also for their supposed protective and healing properties. The sardius, with its fiery hue, was believed to offer protection and strength, qualities that resonated with the biblical themes of divine protection and empowerment.

Conclusion:
While the sardius stone is not as frequently mentioned as some other biblical gemstones, its appearances in Scripture are significant. It serves as a symbol of divine beauty, authority, and redemption, reflecting the multifaceted nature of God's relationship with His people. Through its inclusion in the high priest's breastplate and its depiction in prophetic visions, the sardius continues to hold a place of honor and reverence in the biblical tradition.Sardius Sardine

(red) (Heb. odem) the stone which occupied the first place in the first row of the high priest's breastplate. (Exodus 28:27) The sard, which is probably the stone denoted by odem , is a superior variety of agate, sometimes called camelian, and has long been a favorite stone for the engraver's art. Sardis differ in color: there is a bright-red variety, and perhaps the Hebrew odem from a root means "to be red," points to this kind.

The People of the New Earth
... of chalcedony and cornelian, a flesh colour): the sixth, a sardius (probably the ...
Blue (Chalcedony) Green (Emerald) Y { Red (Sardonyx) Red (Sardine) X { Yellow ...
/.../bullinger/commentary on revelation/the people of the new.htm

An Exposition on the First Ten Chapters of Genesis, and Part of ...
... was a very lively type, "Thou hast been in Eden, the garden of God; every
precious-stone, [that is, doctrine,] was thy covering; as the sardius, topaz, diamond ...
/.../bunyan/the works of john bunyan volumes 1-3/an exposition on the first.htm

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