Topical Encyclopedia Calamus, also known as "sweet cane" or "sweet flag," is a plant mentioned in the Bible, primarily in the context of sacred anointing oils and incense. The Hebrew word for calamus is "qaneh," which is often translated as "cane" or "reed." This aromatic plant is noted for its fragrant properties and was highly valued in ancient times for its use in religious and ceremonial practices.Biblical References: 1. Exodus 30:23 · In the instructions given to Moses for the preparation of the sacred anointing oil, calamus is listed as one of the key ingredients. The LORD commands Moses, "Take the finest spices: 500 shekels of liquid myrrh, half as much (that is, 250 shekels) of fragrant cinnamon, 250 shekels of fragrant calamus." 2. Song of Solomon 4:14 · Calamus is mentioned among the exotic and luxurious plants in the poetic imagery of the Song of Solomon. The verse describes a garden filled with "nard and saffron, calamus and cinnamon, with all the trees of frankincense, myrrh and aloes, with all the finest spices." 3. Ezekiel 27:19 · In a lamentation over the city of Tyre, calamus is noted as one of the traded goods, highlighting its value and desirability in the ancient world. The verse states, "Vedan and Javan from Uzal traded for your merchandise; wrought iron, cassia, and calamus were bartered for your wares." Cultural and Religious Significance: Calamus was an important component in the sacred anointing oil used in the Tabernacle and later in the Temple. This oil was used to consecrate the priests, the altar, and the furnishings of the Tabernacle, signifying holiness and dedication to God. The inclusion of calamus in this sacred mixture underscores its significance in the religious life of ancient Israel. The plant's aromatic qualities made it a symbol of luxury and divine blessing. Its presence in the Song of Solomon reflects the beauty and richness of the beloved's garden, serving as a metaphor for love and abundance. Botanical Identification: The identification of biblical calamus has been a subject of debate among scholars. Some suggest it refers to Acorus calamus, a plant known for its sweet scent and medicinal properties. Others propose it might be a type of aromatic reed or grass native to the Near East. Regardless of its exact botanical identity, calamus was clearly a valued and cherished plant in biblical times. Symbolism: In the biblical context, calamus symbolizes purity, sanctity, and the sweet fragrance of a life dedicated to God. Its use in anointing oil represents the setting apart of individuals and objects for divine purposes. The fragrant aroma of calamus serves as a reminder of the pleasing nature of a life lived in obedience and devotion to the LORD. Torrey's Topical Textbook Songs 4:14Spikenard and saffron; calamus and cinnamon, with all trees of frankincense; myrrh and aloes, with all the chief spices: Torrey's Topical Textbook Library The Survival of the Fittest. Acts of the Holy Apostle Thomas. Revelation of Moses. Chaldaean Civilization The Pilgrim's Progress Resources What is gall in the Bible? | GotQuestions.orgWhat does the Bible say about applied kinesiology? | GotQuestions.org What is Epiphany / Three Kings' Day and should Christians celebrate it? | GotQuestions.org Herbs: Dictionary and Thesaurus | Clyx.com Bible Concordance • Bible Dictionary • Bible Encyclopedia • Topical Bible • Bible Thesuarus Subtopics Herbs were Sometimes Used Instead of Animal Food by Weak Saints Herbs: (Dew On) of Grace Given to Saints Herbs: Bitter, Used at Passover Herbs: Destroyed by Hail and Lightning Herbs: Destroyed by Tithable Among the Jews Herbs: Each Kind of, Contains Its own Seed Herbs: Mode of Watering, Alluded To Herbs: Poisonous, not Fit for Man's Use Related Terms |
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