Sciences: Navigation
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Navigation, the art and science of determining the position and course of vessels, is a field that, while not explicitly detailed in the Bible, is implicitly present in various scriptural accounts. The ancient world, including the biblical lands, relied heavily on navigation for trade, travel, and communication across the seas and rivers.

Biblical Context and References

The Bible contains several references to seafaring and navigation, reflecting the importance of maritime activities in the ancient Near East. One of the earliest mentions of shipbuilding and navigation is found in the account of Noah's Ark. Although primarily a divine directive, the construction of the Ark (Genesis 6:14-16) demonstrates an understanding of large-scale vessel creation, a precursor to navigation.

In the New Testament, the Apostle Paul's journeys provide insight into ancient navigation practices. Acts 27 offers a detailed narrative of Paul's voyage to Rome, including the challenges faced by sailors of the time. The passage describes the use of the wind, stars, and other natural elements for navigation, as well as the perils of sea travel. "When a gentle south wind began to blow, they thought they had obtained what they wanted; so they weighed anchor and sailed along the shore of Crete" (Acts 27:13). This account highlights the reliance on wind patterns and coastal navigation.

Cultural and Historical Insights

The Phoenicians, known for their advanced seafaring skills, were contemporaries of the Israelites and likely influenced their understanding of navigation. The Bible mentions Tyre and Sidon, prominent Phoenician cities, as centers of trade and maritime activity (Ezekiel 27). The Phoenicians are credited with developing early navigation techniques, such as the use of the North Star for orientation.

The Israelites themselves were not primarily a seafaring people, but they engaged in maritime trade and had interactions with seafaring nations. King Solomon's reign saw the expansion of Israel's naval capabilities, as he collaborated with Hiram of Tyre to build a fleet of ships (1 Kings 9:26-28). These ships, manned by experienced sailors, embarked on voyages to Ophir, bringing back gold and other treasures.

Symbolic and Theological Implications

Navigation in the Bible often serves as a metaphor for spiritual journey and divine guidance. The sea, with its vastness and unpredictability, symbolizes the challenges and uncertainties of life. In Psalm 107:23-30, those who "go down to the sea in ships" witness the works of the Lord and His wonders in the deep. The psalmist describes how God calms the storm, guiding the sailors to their desired haven, illustrating God's sovereignty over creation and His role as the ultimate navigator of human lives.

Furthermore, the imagery of navigation is used to convey the idea of spiritual direction and purpose. Proverbs 3:5-6 encourages believers to trust in the Lord for guidance: "Trust in the LORD with all your heart, and lean not on your own understanding; in all your ways acknowledge Him, and He will make your paths straight" . This passage underscores the belief that, just as navigators rely on external markers to chart their course, believers are to rely on divine wisdom for their life's journey.

Conclusion

While the Bible does not provide a technical manual on navigation, it reflects the significance of this science in the ancient world and uses it as a powerful metaphor for faith and divine guidance. Through the accounts of seafaring and the symbolic use of navigation, Scripture offers insights into the human experience of journeying through life under God's providential care.
Torrey's Topical Textbook
1 Kings 9:27
And Hiram sent in the navy his servants, shipmen that had knowledge of the sea, with the servants of Solomon.
Torrey's Topical Textbook

Psalm 107:23
They that go down to the sea in ships, that do business in great waters;
Torrey's Topical Textbook

Library

The Contribution of the Natural and Social Sciences
... discussion of the order and arrangement of the various sciences and of ... Philosophy,
science, the fine arts, commerce, navigation, government, are all in close ...
/.../chapter v the contribution of.htm

Human Arts as Well as Divine Knowledge Proceed from God.
... "Having no wisdom in navigation.". ... And that Scripture calls every secular science
or art by the one name wisdom (there are other arts and sciences invented over ...
/.../clement/the stromata or miscellanies/chapter iv human arts as well.htm

The Roman Empire at the Time of the Birth of Christ. Upwards of a ...
... a regular and prosperous traffic by availing themselves of the facilities of navigation. ...
The cultivation of the arts and sciences in the reign of Augustus may ...
/.../christianbookshelf.org/killen/the ancient church/chapter i the roman empire.htm

A Greater than Solomon
... He intermeddled with all knowledge, and was a master in all sciences. ... You do not
want to learn anything concerning architecture or navigation, agriculture or ...
/.../spurgeon/spurgeons sermons volume 27 1881/a greater than solomon.htm

Want of Universality in the Knowledge and Reception of ...
... with the most useful arts, or the most necessary sciences of human ... Agriculture,
manufactures, trade, and navigation, would not, I think, have flourished, if ...
/.../paley/evidences of christianity/chapter vi want of universality.htm

The Birth of England's Foreign Missions
... thus much therefore must be meant by it, that navigation, especially that ... the gospel,
without government, without laws, and without arts, and sciences; and not ...
/.../smith/the life of william carey/chapter ii the birth of.htm

A Wise Minister Will be Successful.
... upon, and called very ignorant, because they do not know sciences and languages ... to
learn surgery, would you send him to the nautical school to learn navigation? ...
/.../finney/lectures on revivals of religion/lecture xi a wise minister.htm

On the Advisableness of Improving Natural Knowledge.
... related thereunto:"as Physick, Anatomy, Geometry, Astronomy, Navigation, Staticks,
Magneticks ... Astronomy,"which of all sciences has filled men's minds with ...
/.../huxley/lay sermons addresses and reviews/i on the advisableness of.htm

The Struggle for Life
... only acquire the arts of agriculture, domestication, and navigation; they not ...
accomplished." [77] Already, through the labours of other sciences, the Struggle ...
/.../the lowell lectures on the ascent of man/chapter vi the struggle for.htm

Appendix v. Rabbinic Theology and Literature
... Nation' (see especially the chapters on The Progress of Arts and Sciences among
the ... of Galilee, but not to lay down nets, so as not to impede the navigation. ...
/.../the life and times of jesus the messiah/appendix v rabbinic theology and.htm

Resources
What is BioLogos? | GotQuestions.org

What is scientism? | GotQuestions.org

What is the problem of good? | GotQuestions.org

Science: Dictionary and Thesaurus | Clyx.com

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