Walking in Truth
John 8:31-32 - Jesus speaks about the freedom that comes from knowing and living in the truth.

Hospitality
Hebrews 13:2 - Encourages believers to show hospitality, as some have entertained angels without knowing it.

Humility and Leadership
Philippians 2:3-4 - Paul exhorts believers to do nothing out of selfish ambition but to value others above themselves.

Good Testimony
1 Timothy 3:7 - Paul advises that a leader must have a good reputation with outsiders.The Joy of Walking in Truth
John expresses great joy in hearing that Gaius is walking in the truth (3 John 1:3). This highlights the importance of living a life consistent with the teachings of Christ.

The Importance of Hospitality
John commends Gaius for his hospitality towards traveling teachers and missionaries, emphasizing that such actions are a demonstration of faith and love (3 John 1:5-8).

The Contrast of Good and Evil
John contrasts the behavior of Diotrephes, who loves to be first and does not welcome the brethren, with that of Demetrius, who is well spoken of by everyone (3 John 1:9-12). This serves as a reminder to choose humility and goodness over pride and selfishness.

The Role of Testimony
The letter underscores the significance of a good testimony, both from fellow believers and from the truth itself (3 John 1:12).Live in Truth
Strive to align your daily actions and decisions with the truth of God's Word, ensuring that your life reflects His teachings.

Practice Hospitality
Open your home and heart to others, especially those who are serving the Lord, as a practical expression of your faith.

Discern Leadership
Be discerning about the leaders you follow, choosing those who exemplify Christ-like humility and integrity.

Value a Good Testimony
Work towards maintaining a good reputation among believers and non-believers alike, as it reflects the truth of the Gospel.1. The Elder
The author of the letter, traditionally understood to be the Apostle John. The term "elder" (Greek: πρεσβύτερος, presbyteros) indicates a position of authority and respect within the early Christian community.

2. Gaius
The recipient of the letter, described as "the beloved" (Greek: ἀγαπητός, agapētos), indicating a close and affectionate relationship with the Elder. Gaius is commended for his faithfulness and hospitality.

3. Diotrephes
Mentioned as someone who "loves to be first" (Greek: φιλοπρωτεύων, philoprōteuōn) and is criticized for rejecting the Elder's authority, spreading malicious gossip, and refusing to welcome other believers.

4. Demetrius
Commended by the Elder, Demetrius is noted for having a good testimony from everyone and from the truth itself. His character is presented as a positive contrast to Diotrephes.1. Gaius's Location
While the specific location of Gaius is not mentioned in 3 John, he is the recipient of the letter. The letter is addressed to him, indicating that he is a leader or member of a local church. The exact location is not specified in the text.

2. Diotrephes's Location
Similar to Gaius, Diotrephes is mentioned in the letter, but his specific location is not detailed. He is noted for his opposition to the author and his negative influence in the church community.

3. Demetrius's Location
Demetrius is commended in the letter, but again, no specific geographical location is provided. He is likely part of the same or a nearby community as Gaius and Diotrephes.

The letter of 3 John is more focused on the relationships and behaviors within the early Christian community rather than specific geographical locations. The absence of specific place names suggests that the letter was intended to address issues that were common across various early Christian communities.1. Greeting from the Elder
The letter begins with a greeting from "the elder" to "the beloved Gaius," whom he loves in truth (3 John 1:1). The term "elder" (Greek: πρεσβύτερος, presbyteros) indicates a position of authority and respect within the early Christian community.

2. Prayer for Prosperity and Health
The elder expresses a prayer that Gaius may prosper in all things and be in good health, just as his soul prospers (3 John 1:2). This reflects a holistic concern for both physical and spiritual well-being.

3. Rejoicing in Truth
The elder rejoices greatly upon hearing from the brothers that Gaius is walking in the truth (3 John 1:3). The Greek word for "truth" (ἀλήθεια, aletheia) emphasizes the importance of living in accordance with the teachings of Christ.

4. No Greater Joy
The elder states that he has no greater joy than to hear that his children are walking in the truth (3 John 1:4). This underscores the deep spiritual connection and responsibility felt by the elder towards those he mentors.

5. Commendation of Gaius' Hospitality
Gaius is commended for his faithful work in showing hospitality to the brothers, even though they are strangers to him (3 John 1:5). Hospitality was a crucial aspect of early Christian practice, reflecting the Greek concept of φιλοξενία (philoxenia), or love for strangers.

6. Support for Missionaries
The elder encourages Gaius to continue supporting these traveling missionaries in a manner worthy of God, as they have gone out for the sake of the Name, accepting nothing from the Gentiles (3 John 1:6-7). This highlights the importance of supporting those who spread the Gospel.

7. Call to Imitate Good
The elder advises that believers should support such people, so that they may be fellow workers for the truth (3 John 1:8). This call to action emphasizes the communal effort in advancing the Christian mission.

8. Condemnation of Diotrephes
The elder criticizes Diotrephes, who loves to be first and does not acknowledge the authority of the elder (3 John 1:9). Diotrephes' behavior is contrasted with the humility and service expected of Christian leaders.

9. Rejection of Authority and Malicious Words
Diotrephes is further condemned for spreading malicious words against the elder and refusing to welcome the brothers, even expelling those who wish to do so from the church (3 John 1:10). This reflects a serious breach of Christian conduct and community.

10. Commendation of Demetrius
The elder commends Demetrius, who is well spoken of by everyone and by the truth itself (3 John 1:12). This serves as a positive example of a faithful Christian witness.

11. Conclusion and Final Greetings
The letter concludes with the elder expressing his desire to speak face to face rather than write more with pen and ink, and he sends peace and greetings from mutual friends (3 John 1:13-14). This personal touch highlights the relational aspect of early Christian communities.1. Greeting and Love in Truth (3 John 1:1-2)
The letter begins with a greeting from "the elder" to "the beloved Gaius," whom he loves "in the truth." The Greek word for truth, "ἀλήθεια" (aletheia), emphasizes the sincerity and authenticity of Christian love and fellowship.

2. Joy in Walking in Truth (3 John 1:3-4)
The elder expresses great joy upon hearing that Gaius is "walking in the truth." This reflects the importance of living according to the teachings of Christ, with "walking" (Greek: "περιπατέω," peripateo) symbolizing a continuous, active lifestyle of faith.

3. Support for Fellow Believers (3 John 1:5-8)
Gaius is commended for his hospitality and support of traveling missionaries, described as "fellow workers for the truth." The passage highlights the Christian duty to support those spreading the Gospel, with "hospitality" (Greek: "φιλοξενία," philoxenia) being a key virtue.

4. Condemnation of Diotrephes (3 John 1:9-10)
The elder criticizes Diotrephes for his pride and refusal to welcome fellow believers. Diotrephes' actions are contrary to Christian humility and community, with "prating" (Greek: "φλυαρέω," phlyareo) indicating malicious gossip.

5. Commendation of Demetrius (3 John 1:11-12)
Demetrius is praised for his good testimony, serving as a positive example for others. The emphasis on a "good testimony" (Greek: "μαρτυρία," martyria) underscores the importance of a reputable Christian witness.

6. Final Greetings and Peace (3 John 1:13-15)
The letter concludes with a desire to speak face-to-face and a blessing of peace. The closing emphasizes personal relationships and community within the church, with "peace" (Greek: "εἰρήνη," eirene) reflecting the harmony and well-being desired among believers.1. Truth and Faithfulness
The theme of truth is central in 3 John. The apostle John expresses joy in hearing that Gaius is "walking in the truth" (3 John 1:3). The Greek word for truth, "ἀλήθεια" (aletheia), emphasizes not just factual correctness but living in accordance with the teachings of Christ. This theme underscores the importance of aligning one's life with the truth of the Gospel.

2. Hospitality and Support for Fellow Believers
John commends Gaius for his hospitality towards traveling missionaries, stating, "You are faithful in what you are doing for the brothers, and they have testified to your love before the church" (3 John 1:5-6). The Greek term "φιλοξενία" (philoxenia) refers to the love of strangers, highlighting the Christian duty to support and care for fellow believers, especially those spreading the Gospel.

3. Imitation of Good
John encourages believers to "do not imitate what is evil, but what is good" (3 John 1:11). The Greek word "μιμέομαι" (mimeomai) means to imitate or follow. This theme stresses the importance of emulating Christ-like behavior and virtues, as a reflection of one's faith and commitment to God.

4. Authority and Leadership in the Church
The letter addresses issues of authority and leadership, particularly through the negative example of Diotrephes, who "loves to be first" and does not acknowledge the authority of John and his associates (3 John 1:9). This theme highlights the need for humility and proper respect for apostolic authority within the church community.

5. Testimony and Witness
The concept of testimony is significant, as John mentions the positive testimony of Gaius and Demetrius (3 John 1:12). The Greek word "μαρτυρία" (martyria) refers to bearing witness. This theme emphasizes the importance of a good reputation and the impact of one's actions and character on the broader Christian witness.1. How can we be certain the “elder” in 3 John 1 is truly the Apostle John given the lack of explicit identification?

2. If 3 John 1 is authentic, why does it omit any mention of Jesus’s teachings or miracles?

3. How do we reconcile the portrayal of Diotrephes in 3 John 1:9–10 with potential bias, since we only hear one side?

4. Why is there no clear historical or archaeological evidence confirming the exact circumstances described in 3 John 1?

5. How do we harmonize 3 John 1’s emphasis on truth and hospitality with other New Testament passages that appear to prioritize different virtues?

1. How does the Apostle John exemplify the bond between truth and love in his greeting to Gaius?

2. Reflect on the importance of hospitality in 3 John. How can we apply this in our current societal context?

3. What does Gaius’s treatment of the traveling teachers teach us about generosity in service?

4. Discuss the impact of Diotrephes’s behaviour on the early Christian community. What are similar situations in today's churches and how should they be addressed?

5. How does John's approach to addressing the issues caused by Diotrephes reflect his pastoral care?

6. Why do you think John decides to address Diotrephes's behavior in a letter instead of confronting him directly initially?

7. What does 3 John teach us about the balance between maintaining unity and confronting problematic behavior in a Christian community?

8. Explore the concept of "walking in the truth" as discussed in this book.

9. How does Demetrius’s good reputation influence your understanding of living a truthful and loving Christian life?

10. How can you, in your personal life, imitate good and shun evil as John advises Gaius?

11. How does 3 John emphasize the importance of personal contact and communication within a community?

12. What do you learn from 3 John about the nature and characteristics of early Christian communities?

13. In the face of opposition like that from Diotrephes, how should you respond as a believer?

14. Discuss the role of church leaders in fostering an environment of love, truth, and hospitality as presented in 3 John.

15. How can the teachings in 3 John be applied to address current global issues?

16. Based on 3 John, how would you handle a situation where a leader in your church or community is causing division?

17. How can the themes of love, truth, and hospitality be cultivated in your personal relationships and professional spaces?

18. How does the personal and situational nature of 3 John resonate with your own personal faith journey?

19. Drawing from John’s response to Diotrephes, how should modern churches handle cases of ego-driven leadership?

20. Reflecting on 3 John, how would you define 'living in the truth'? How can this be applied in contemporary society?