Ahijah’s Prophecy against Jeroboam 1At that time Abijah son of Jeroboam became ill, 2and Jeroboam said to his wife, “Now get up, disguise yourself so they will not recognize you as my wife, and go to Shiloh. For Ahijah the prophet is there; it was he who spoke about my kingship over this people. 3Take with you ten loaves of bread, some cakes, and a jar of honey, and go to him. He will tell you what will become of the boy.” 4Jeroboam’s wife did as instructed; she arose and went to Shiloh and arrived at Ahijah’s house. Now Ahijah could not see, for his eyes were dim because of his age. 5But the LORD had said to Ahijah, “Behold, the wife of Jeroboam is coming to ask you about her son, for he is ill. You are to say such and such to her, because when she arrives, she will be disguised.” 6So when Ahijah heard the sound of her feet entering the door, he said, “Come in, wife of Jeroboam! Why are you disguised? For I have been sent to you with bad news. 7Go, tell Jeroboam that this is what the LORD, the God of Israel, says: ‘I raised you up from among the people and appointed you ruler over My people Israel. 8I tore the kingdom away from the house of David and gave it to you. But you have not been like My servant David, who kept My commandments and followed Me with all his heart, doing only what was right in My eyes. 9You have done more evil than all who came before you. You have proceeded to make for yourself other gods and molten images to provoke Me, and you have flung Me behind your back. 10Because of all this, behold, I am bringing disaster on the house of Jeroboam: I will cut off from Jeroboam every male,a both slave and free, in Israel; I will burn up the house of Jeroboam as one burns up dung until it is gone! 11Anyone belonging to Jeroboam who dies in the city will be eaten by dogs, and anyone who dies in the field will be eaten by the birds of the air.’ 12As for you, get up and go home. When your feet enter the city, the child will die. 13All Israel will mourn for him and bury him. For this is the only one belonging to Jeroboam who will receive a proper burial,b because only in him has the LORD, the God of Israel, found any good in the house of Jeroboam. 14Moreover, the LORD will raise up for Himself a king over Israel who will cut off the house of Jeroboam. This is the day—yes, even today! 15For the LORD will strike Israel as a reed is shaken in the water. He will uproot Israel from this good land that He gave their fathers, and He will scatter them beyond the Euphrates,c because they have made their Asherah poles, provoking the LORD to anger. 16So He will give Israel over on account of the sins Jeroboam has committed and has caused Israel to commit.” 17Then Jeroboam’s wife got up and departed for Tirzah, and as soon as she stepped over the threshold of the house, the boy died. 18And they buried him, and all Israel mourned for him, according to the word that the LORD had spoken through His servant Ahijah the prophet. Nadab Succeeds Jeroboam 19As for the rest of the acts of Jeroboam, how he waged war and how he reigned, they are indeed written in the Book of the Chronicles of the Kings of Israel. 20And the length of Jeroboam’s reign was twenty-two years, and he rested with his fathers, and his son Nadab reigned in his place. Rehoboam Reigns in Judah 21Meanwhile, Rehoboam son of Solomon reigned in Judah. He was forty-one years old when he became king, and he reigned seventeen years in Jerusalem, the city the LORD had chosen from all the tribes of Israel in which to put His Name. His mother’s name was Naamah the Ammonite. 22And Judah did evil in the sight of the LORD, and by the sins they committed they provoked Him to jealous anger more than all their fathers had done. 23They also built for themselves high places, sacred pillars, and Asherah poles on every high hill and under every green tree. 24There were even male shrine prostitutes in the land. They imitated all the abominations of the nations the LORD had driven out before the Israelites. Shishak Raids Jerusalem 25In the fifth year of Rehoboam’s reign, Shishak king of Egypt attacked Jerusalem. 26He seized the treasures of the house of the LORD and of the royal palace. He took everything, including all the gold shields that Solomon had made. 27Then King Rehoboam made bronze shields in their place and committed them to the care of the captains of the guard on duty at the entrance to the royal palace. 28And whenever the king entered the house of the LORD, the guards would bear the shields, and later they would return them to the guardroom. 29As for the rest of the acts of Rehoboam, along with all that he did, are they not written in the Book of the Chronicles of the Kings of Judah? 30There was war between Rehoboam and Jeroboam throughout their days. 31And Rehoboam rested with his fathers and was buried with them in the City of David; his mother’s name was Naamah the Ammonite. And his son Abijamd reigned in his place. Footnotes: 10 a Literally (all) those who urinate against a wall 13 b Literally who will come to the grave 15 c Hebrew the River 31 d Abijam is a variant of Abijah; some Hebrew manuscripts and LXX Abijah; see 2 Chronicles 12:16. Berean Standard Bible (BSB) printed 2016, 2020, 2022, 2025 by Bible Hub and Berean.Bible. Produced in cooperation with Bible Hub, Discovery Bible, unfoldingWord, Bible Aquifer, OpenBible.com, and the Berean Bible Translation Committee. This text of God's Word has been dedicated to the public domain. Free downloads and unlimited usage available. See also the Berean Literal Bible and Berean Interlinear Bible. Bible Hub  1 Kings 14 Summary Ahijah's Prophecy against JeroboamVerses 1–6 – Jeroboam Sends for Ahijah Verses 7–16 – Prophecy of Judgment on Jeroboam’s House Verses 17–18 – Death of Abijah Verses 19–20 – Summary of Jeroboam’s Reign Verses 21–24 – Rehoboam’s Apostasy in Judah Verses 25–28 – Shishak Raids Jerusalem Verses 29–31 – End of Rehoboam’s Reign 1 Kings 14 depicts a series of prophetic warnings and the subsequent downfall of two kings: Jeroboam of Israel and Rehoboam of Judah. The chapter presents a strong narrative on the consequences of sin, especially idolatry, and highlights the firm and unwavering sovereignty of God. Historical Setting • Date: c. 930–910 BC. • Kingdoms: The united monarchy has split—Jeroboam rules the north (Israel), Rehoboam the south (Judah). • Shiloh: Once the center of worship (Joshua 18:1), now faded; symbolically fitting for Ahijah’s pronouncement of decline. Political Dynamics • Jeroboam sought to secure his throne by inventing a rival religious system (1 Kings 12:26-33). This chapter shows the system unraveling. • Egypt’s Shishak (Shoshenq I) supporting Jeroboam earlier (2 Chronicles 12:2-4) becomes Jehovah’s instrument to humble Judah. Prophetic Continuity 1. Conditional Kingship: Ahijah’s earlier promise to Jeroboam (1 Kings 11:38) required obedience; here the conditions are violated. 2. Similar prophetic patterns later appear with Baasha (1 Kings 16:1-4) and Jehu (2 Kings 10:30-31). Character Spotlight: Ahijah • Physical blindness contrasts with spiritual sight (cf. 1 Samuel 3:2-10 for Eli’s weak eyes and Samuel’s strong hearing). • His message balances judgment with mercy—Abijah alone receives honor. Key Themes • Accountability: Leadership influences national behavior (see 2 Kings 17:21-23). • True Worship vs. Idolatry: The golden calves (12:28) stand against Deuteronomy 12:5’s centralized worship. • Legacy: God measures kings not by length of reign but by faithfulness (compare David in 1 Kings 15:5). Archaeological Notes • Bubastite Portal at Karnak lists Shoshenq’s campaign into Canaan, confirming the Shishak raid. • High places unearthed at Dan and Bethel feature cultic platforms matching Jeroboam’s innovations. • Shiloh excavations reveal destruction layers from the period, echoing its decline. Scripture Cross-Links • Deuteronomy 28:25, 49 foretells foreign invasion as discipline—fulfilled in Shishak’s raid. • Hosea 8:4–6 references Jeroboam’s calves: “Your calf, O Samaria, has cast you off.” • 2 Chronicles 12:12 records Judah’s slight repentance lowering Shishak’s severity. New Testament Echoes • Spiritual blindness (v. 4) parallels John 9:39-41—seeing and hearing depend on openness to God. • Jesus’ lament over Jerusalem (Matthew 23:37) mirrors the LORD’s grief over Israel’s and Judah’s idolatry. Practical Application • Disguises fool people, not God (Hebrews 4:13). • Small compromises (alternate worship sites) yield large consequences; guard first steps away from truth. • Parental influence matters: despite Jeroboam’s rebellion, his son Abijah found favor—personal choice remains possible. Timeline Snapshot 931 BC – Kingdom divides 930–910 BC – Jeroboam I (Israel) 931–913 BC – Rehoboam (Judah) 925 BC – Shishak invades Judah Geography Quick-View • Tirzah: Israel’s early capital, fertile northern hill country. • Shiloh: Ephraim hill country, 20 mi north of Jerusalem. • Jerusalem: Judah’s capital, spiritual focal point despite corruption. Noteworthy Hebrew Words • “Cut off” (karath, v. 10) – covenantal term for judgment. • “Abomination” (toʿevah, v. 24) – acts detestable to God, often linked to idolatry. Literary Features • Irony: The boy named Abijah (“Yah is my Father”) dies, yet honored. • Chiastic flow: Idolatry → Prophecy → Fulfillment → Idolatry, showing cyclical sin. Conclusion 1 Kings 14 portrays God’s unwavering standard: kings rise and fall, but His word stands. Fidelity brings life; rebellion invites loss—even golden shields cannot protect when the heart turns from the LORD. Connections to Additional Scriptures Exodus 20:3-4The commandment against idolatry, which Jeroboam violated. Deuteronomy 28:15-20 The blessings and curses associated with obedience and disobedience to God’s laws. 2 Chronicles 7:14 The call for repentance and God’s promise to heal the land. Romans 6:23 The consequences of sin and the gift of eternal life through Jesus Christ. Teaching Points Jeroboam's IdolatryJeroboam, the first king of the northern kingdom of Israel, led the people into idolatry by setting up golden calves in Bethel and Dan (1 Kings 14:9). This act was a direct violation of God’s commandments and demonstrated a lack of trust in God’s provision and protection. Prophecy Against Jeroboam The prophet Ahijah delivered a message from God, foretelling the destruction of Jeroboam’s house due to his sins (1 Kings 14:10-11). This prophecy underscores the certainty of God’s judgment against unrepentant sin. The Death of Jeroboam’s Son The illness and subsequent death of Jeroboam’s son, Abijah, served as a sign of God’s displeasure with Jeroboam’s reign (1 Kings 14:12-13). Despite the child’s innocence, his death was a consequence of his father’s actions. Judgment on Israel The chapter concludes with a broader judgment on Israel, indicating that the nation’s sins would lead to their eventual exile (1 Kings 14:15-16). This highlights the collective responsibility of the people to follow God’s laws. Practical Applications Guard Against IdolatryEvaluate your life for any modern-day idols that may be taking precedence over your relationship with God. Prioritize worship and obedience to Him above all else. Heed God’s Warnings Be attentive to the warnings and guidance provided in Scripture. God’s Word is a lamp to our feet and a light to our path (Psalm 119:105). Consider the Impact of Your Actions Recognize that your choices can have lasting effects on your family and community. Strive to live a life that honors God and sets a positive example for others. Seek Repentance and Restoration If you find yourself straying from God’s commandments, seek His forgiveness and restoration. God is merciful and desires a relationship with His people. People 1. JeroboamJeroboam was the first king of the northern kingdom of Israel after the division of the united monarchy. He is a central figure in this chapter, as it discusses the prophecy against his house due to his sins and idolatry. 2. Ahijah the Prophet Ahijah is a prophet from Shiloh who previously foretold Jeroboam's rise to power. In this chapter, he delivers a message from God concerning the downfall of Jeroboam's dynasty. 3. Abijah, Son of Jeroboam Abijah is the son of King Jeroboam who falls ill. Jeroboam sends his wife to Ahijah the prophet to inquire about the boy's fate. 4. Jeroboam’s Wife Although her name is not mentioned, she plays a significant role as she disguises herself to visit Ahijah and seek information about her son Abijah's illness. 5. Rehoboam Rehoboam is the son of Solomon and the king of Judah. His reign is mentioned in the context of the ongoing conflict and division between Judah and Israel. 6. Shishak, King of Egypt Shishak is mentioned as the king who attacked Jerusalem during Rehoboam's reign, taking treasures from the house of the LORD and the king's house. Places 1. ShilohShiloh is mentioned as the place where Ahijah the prophet resides. In the Hebrew Bible, Shiloh was an important religious center before the first Temple was built in Jerusalem. It was the site of the Tabernacle and the Ark of the Covenant for many years. 2. Tirzah Tirzah is referenced as the location where Jeroboam's wife returns after visiting Ahijah. Tirzah was an ancient city in the northern kingdom of Israel and served as a royal city before Samaria became the capital. 3. Jerusalem Jerusalem is mentioned as the city where Rehoboam, the son of Solomon, reigns over the kingdom of Judah. Jerusalem holds significant religious and political importance as the site of the Temple and the capital of the united kingdom under David and Solomon. 4. Egypt Egypt is referenced in the context of Shishak, the king of Egypt, who comes up against Jerusalem. Egypt, known in Hebrew as "Mitzrayim," was a powerful neighboring nation and often played a significant role in the history of Israel and Judah. Events 1. Jeroboam's Son Falls IllJeroboam's son, Abijah, becomes sick. Jeroboam, the king of Israel, is concerned about his son's health and seeks divine insight into his condition. 2. Jeroboam Sends His Wife to Ahijah Jeroboam instructs his wife to disguise herself and visit the prophet Ahijah in Shiloh. He hopes to receive a prophecy regarding their son's fate. Jeroboam's wife is to bring ten loaves of bread, some cakes, and a jar of honey as a gift for the prophet. 3. Ahijah's Prophecy Despite his blindness due to old age, Ahijah is informed by the LORD of the visit and the disguise. When Jeroboam's wife arrives, Ahijah delivers a message from God. He condemns Jeroboam for leading Israel into sin and idolatry, stating, "I raised you up from among the people and appointed you ruler over My people Israel" (1 Kings 14:7). 4. Judgment Pronounced on Jeroboam's House Ahijah prophesies the downfall of Jeroboam's house, declaring that God will "cut off from Jeroboam every male in Israel, slave or free" (1 Kings 14:10). This judgment is due to Jeroboam's sins and the idolatry he introduced to Israel. 5. Death of Jeroboam's Son Ahijah tells Jeroboam's wife that upon her return to the city, her son will die. This is fulfilled as she crosses the threshold of her house, and the child dies, as foretold by the prophet. 6. Burial and Mourning for Abijah The people of Israel mourn for Abijah, and he is buried. Ahijah's prophecy includes a note that Abijah is the only one in Jeroboam's house who will receive a proper burial because "something good was found in him toward the LORD, the God of Israel" (1 Kings 14:13). 7. Further Prophecy Against Israel Ahijah continues with a prophecy against Israel, warning that God will "strike Israel as a reed is shaken in the water" (1 Kings 14:15) and will uproot Israel from the good land He gave to their ancestors. 8. Jeroboam's Reign and Death The chapter concludes with a summary of Jeroboam's reign, noting his continued evil practices. After reigning for 22 years, Jeroboam dies, and his son Nadab succeeds him as king. 9. Rehoboam's Reign in Judah The narrative shifts to Rehoboam, king of Judah, highlighting his reign and the evil practices in Judah, including idolatry and the establishment of high places, sacred stones, and Asherah poles. 10. Invasion by Shishak of Egypt During Rehoboam's fifth year as king, Shishak, king of Egypt, attacks Jerusalem and takes away the treasures of the house of the LORD and the king's house, including the gold shields Solomon had made. 11. Rehoboam's Death The chapter ends with the death of Rehoboam. He is buried in the City of David, and his son Abijah (also called Abijam) succeeds him as king. Topics 1. Jeroboam's Son Falls IllThe chapter begins with the illness of Jeroboam's son, Abijah. Jeroboam, the first king of the northern kingdom of Israel, is concerned for his son's health and seeks divine insight. This event sets the stage for the unfolding narrative and highlights Jeroboam's desperation despite his previous disobedience to God. 2. Ahijah's Prophecy Against Jeroboam Jeroboam sends his wife in disguise to the prophet Ahijah to inquire about their son's fate. Ahijah, though blind, receives a revelation from God and delivers a prophecy against Jeroboam. The prophecy condemns Jeroboam for leading Israel into sin and foretells the downfall of his house. The Hebrew root for "prophecy" (נָבִיא, navi) underscores the divine communication aspect of Ahijah's message. 3. Judgment on Jeroboam's House Ahijah's prophecy includes a specific judgment that Jeroboam's dynasty will be cut off. The prophecy states that God will raise up a king who will destroy Jeroboam's lineage. This reflects the biblical principle of divine retribution for idolatry and disobedience, as Jeroboam had led Israel away from worshiping Yahweh. 4. Death of Jeroboam's Son As foretold by Ahijah, Jeroboam's son dies as soon as his wife returns home. This event fulfills the immediate part of the prophecy and serves as a sign of the truth of Ahijah's words. The narrative emphasizes the certainty of God's word and the consequences of sin. 5. Rehoboam's Reign in Judah The chapter shifts focus to Rehoboam, the king of Judah, and describes his reign. Rehoboam, Solomon's son, is depicted as leading Judah into sin, similar to Jeroboam's actions in Israel. The text highlights the moral and spiritual decline in both kingdoms, emphasizing the need for covenant faithfulness. 6. Shishak's Invasion of Judah During Rehoboam's reign, Shishak, the king of Egypt, invades Judah and plunders the treasures of the temple and the royal palace. This event is seen as a divine judgment against Judah for their unfaithfulness. The Hebrew term for "plunder" (בָּזַז, bazaz) conveys the complete stripping away of wealth and security. 7. Summary of Rehoboam's Reign The chapter concludes with a summary of Rehoboam's reign, noting his continual conflict with Jeroboam and his death. The narrative underscores the ongoing division and strife between the northern and southern kingdoms, rooted in their leaders' failure to follow God's commandments. Themes 1. Judgment on IdolatryIn 1 Kings 14, the theme of divine judgment against idolatry is prominent. Jeroboam's sin of leading Israel into idolatry results in a prophecy of doom for his house. The Hebrew root for idolatry, "עֲבוֹדָה זָרָה" (avodah zarah), underscores the seriousness of worshiping foreign gods. The text states, "Because of this, I am bringing disaster on the house of Jeroboam" (1 Kings 14:10). 2. Prophetic Fulfillment The chapter highlights the fulfillment of prophetic words as a theme. Ahijah's prophecy against Jeroboam's house is a testament to the certainty of God's word. The Hebrew term "נָבִיא" (navi), meaning prophet, emphasizes the role of prophets as God's mouthpieces. "The LORD will raise up for Himself a king over Israel who will cut off the house of Jeroboam" (1 Kings 14:14). 3. Divine Sovereignty God's sovereignty is evident as He orchestrates events according to His will. Despite human actions, God's plans prevail. The Hebrew word "מֶלֶךְ" (melech), meaning king, is used to denote God's ultimate authority over earthly rulers. "The LORD will strike Israel, so that it will be like a reed swaying in the water" (1 Kings 14:15). 4. Consequences of Disobedience The narrative underscores the consequences of disobedience to God's commands. Jeroboam's failure to follow God's ways leads to the downfall of his dynasty. The Hebrew root "פָּשַׁע" (pasha), meaning to rebel or transgress, highlights the gravity of disobedience. "He will give Israel up because of the sins Jeroboam has committed and has caused Israel to commit" (1 Kings 14:16). 5. Mourning and Loss The theme of mourning and loss is depicted through the death of Jeroboam's son. The personal grief experienced by Jeroboam's family reflects the broader national tragedy due to sin. The Hebrew word "אֵבֶל" (evel), meaning mourning, captures the sorrow of the moment. "All Israel will mourn for him and bury him" (1 Kings 14:13). 6. Legacy and Memory The chapter also deals with the theme of legacy and how leaders are remembered. Jeroboam's legacy is marred by his idolatry and the resulting judgment. The Hebrew term "זֵכֶר" (zeker), meaning remembrance or memory, is relevant here. "The rest of the acts of Jeroboam, how he waged war and how he reigned, are written in the Book of the Chronicles of the Kings of Israel" (1 Kings 14:19). Answering Tough Questions 1. How could Ahijah, who was nearly blind (1 Kings 14:4–5), immediately recognize Jeroboam’s wife in disguise? Bible Study Discussion Questions 1. How does the prophecy of Ahijah manifest the theme of God's sovereignty? 2. Discuss the role of idolatry in the downfalls of Jeroboam and Rehoboam. How is this relevant in our lives today? 3. How did Jeroboam respond to his son’s sickness? What does this tell you about his relationship with God? 4. Reflect on the prophecy against Jeroboam. What lesson about personal accountability can we learn from this? 5. Why did God allow Shishak to invade Jerusalem? What does this tell us about the consequences of sin? 6. How do you interpret Rehoboam replacing the golden shields with bronze ones? 7. What role does obedience play in a relationship with God, according to 1 Kings 14? 8. How does the downfall of Jeroboam and Rehoboam serve as a warning for us today? 9. What lessons can leaders today learn from the reigns of Jeroboam and Rehoboam? 10. How does this chapter highlight the implications of turning away from God? 11. What does this chapter teach about the impact of our actions on our descendants? 12. How does God's judgment on Jeroboam reflect His righteousness? 13. Discuss the significance of Ahijah's blindness in this chapter. 14. In what ways have you seen the consequences of sin play out in contemporary society? 15. How might the events in 1 Kings 14 guide Christians in their political engagement? 16. What is the significance of the wife of Jeroboam going in disguise to see Ahijah? 17. How does 1 Kings 14 inspire you to cultivate a faithful relationship with God? 18. How might the consequences of idolatry in 1 Kings 14 be paralleled with modern-day distractions from God? 19. Compare and contrast the leadership styles and outcomes of Jeroboam and Rehoboam. 20. Reflect on the prophecy and its fulfillment in this chapter. How does it deepen your understanding of God's omnipotence? Bible Hub Chapter Summaries and Bible Study Questions |
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