The Second Census of Israel 1After the plague had ended, the LORD said to Moses and Eleazar son of Aaron the priest, 2“Take a census of the whole congregation of Israel by the houses of their fathers—all those twenty years of age or older who can serve in the army of Israel.” 3So on the plains of Moab by the Jordan, across from Jericho, Moses and Eleazar the priest issued the instruction, 4“Take a census of the men twenty years of age or older,a as the LORD has commanded Moses.” And these were the Israelites who came out of the land of Egypt: The Tribe of Reuben 5Reuben was the firstborn of Israel. These were the descendants of Reuben: The Hanochite clan from Hanoch, 6the Hezronite clan from Hezron, and the Carmite clan from Carmi. 7These were the clans of Reuben, and their registration numbered 43,730. 8Now the son of Pallu was Eliab, 9and the sons of Eliab were Nemuel, Dathan, and Abiram. It was Dathan and Abiram, chosen by the congregation, who rebelled against Moses and Aaron with the followers of Korah who rebelled against the LORD. 10And the earth opened its mouth and swallowed them along with Korah, whose followers died when the fire consumed 250 men. They serve as a warning sign. 11However, the line of Korah did not die out. The Tribe of Simeon 12These were the descendants of Simeon by their clans: The Nemuelite clan from Nemuel,b the Jaminite clan from Jamin, the Jachinite clan from Jachin, 13the Zerahite clan from Zerah,c and the Shaulite clan from Shaul. 14These were the clans of Simeon, and there were 22,200 men. The Tribe of Gad 15These were the descendants of Gad by their clans: The Zephonite clan from Zephon, the Haggite clan from Haggi, 16the Oznite clan from Ozni, 17the Arodite clan from Arod,d and the Arelite clan from Areli. 18These were the clans of Gad, and their registration numbered 40,500. The Tribe of Judah 19The sons of Judah were Er and Onan, but they died in the land of Canaan. 20These were the descendants of Judah by their clans: The Shelanite clan from Shelah, the Perezite clan from Perez, and the Zerahite clan from Zerah. 21And these were the descendants of Perez: the Hezronite clan from Hezron and the Hamulite clan from Hamul. 22These were the clans of Judah, and their registration numbered 76,500. The Tribe of Issachar 23These were the descendants of Issachar by their clans: The Tolaite clan from Tola, the Punite clan from Puvah,e 24the Jashubite clan from Jashub,f and the Shimronite clan from Shimron. 25These were the clans of Issachar, and their registration numbered 64,300. The Tribe of Zebulun 26These were the descendants of Zebulun by their clans: The Seredite clan from Sered, the Elonite clan from Elon, and the Jahleelite clan from Jahleel. 27These were the clans of Zebulun, and their registration numbered 60,500. The Tribe of Manasseh 28The descendants of Joseph included the clans of Manasseh and Ephraim. 29These were the descendants of Manasseh: The Machirite clan from Machir, the father of Gilead, and the Gileadite clan from Gilead. 30These were the descendants of Gilead: the Iezerite clan from Iezer,g 31the Asrielite clan from Asriel, the Shechemite clan from Shechem, 32the Shemidaite clan from Shemida, and the Hepherite clan from Hepher. 33Now Zelophehad son of Hepher had no sons but only daughters. The names of his daughters were Mahlah, Noah, Hoglah, Milcah, and Tirzah. 34These were the clans of Manasseh, and their registration numbered 52,700. The Tribe of Ephraim 35These were the descendants of Ephraim by their clans: The Shuthelahite clan from Shuthelah, the Becherite clan from Becher, and the Tahanite clan from Tahan. 36And the descendants of Shuthelah were the Eranite clan from Eran. 37These were the clans of Ephraim, and their registration numbered 32,500. These clans were the descendants of Joseph. The Tribe of Benjamin 38These were the descendants of Benjamin by their clans: The Belaite clan from Bela, the Ashbelite clan from Ashbel, the Ahiramite clan from Ahiram, 39the Shuphamite clan from Shupham,h and the Huphamite clan from Hupham. 40And the descendants of Bela from Ard and Naaman were the Ardite clan from Ardi and the Naamite clan from Naaman. 41These were the clans of Benjamin, and their registration numbered 45,600. The Tribe of Dan 42These were the descendants of Dan by their clans: The Shuhamite clan from Shuham. These were the clans of Dan. 43All of them were Shuhamite clans, and their registration numbered 64,400. The Tribe of Asher 44These were the descendants of Asher by their clans: The Imnite clan from Imnah, the Ishvite clan from Ishvi, and the Beriite clan from Beriah. 45And these were the descendants of Beriah: the Heberite clan from Heber and the Malchielite clan from Malchiel. 46And the name of Asher’s daughter was Serah. 47These were the clans of Asher, and their registration numbered 53,400. The Tribe of Naphtali 48These were the descendants of Naphtali by their clans: The Jahzeelite clan from Jahzeel, 49the Jezerite clan from Jezer, and the Shillemite clan from Shillem. 50These were the clans of Naphtali, and their registration numbered 45,400. 51These men of Israel numbered 601,730 in all. Inheritance by Lot 52Then the LORD said to Moses, 53“The land is to be divided among the tribes as an inheritance, according to the number of names. 54Increase the inheritance for a large tribe and decrease it for a small one; each tribe is to receive its inheritance according to the number of those registered. 55Indeed, the land must be divided by lot; they shall receive their inheritance according to the names of the tribes of their fathers. 56Each inheritance is to be divided by lot among the larger and smaller tribes.” The Levites Numbered 57Now these were the Levites numbered by their clans: The Gershonite clan from Gershon, the Kohathite clan from Kohath, and the Merarite clan from Merari. 58These were the families of the Levites: The Libnite clan, the Hebronite clan, the Mahlite clan, the Mushite clan, and the Korahite clan. Now Kohath was the father of Amram, 59and Amram’s wife was named Jochebed. She was also a daughter of Levi, born to Levi in Egypt. To Amram she bore Aaron, Moses, and their sister Miriam. 60Nadab, Abihu, Eleazar, and Ithamar were born to Aaron, 61but Nadab and Abihu died when they offered unauthorizedj fire before the LORD. 62The registration of the Levites totaled 23,000, every male a month old or more; they were not numbered among the other Israelites, because no inheritance was given to them among the Israelites. Only Caleb and Joshua Remain 63These were the ones numbered by Moses and Eleazar the priest when they counted the Israelites on the plains of Moab by the Jordan, across from Jericho. 64Among all these, however, there was not one who had been numbered by Moses and Aaron the priest when they counted the Israelites in the Wilderness of Sinai. 65For the LORD had told them that they would surely die in the wilderness. Not one was left except Caleb son of Jephunneh and Joshua son of Nun. Footnotes: 4 a Take a census of the men is implied but not included in the Hebrew; see verse 2. 12 b Nemuel is another name for Jemuel; see Genesis 46:10. 13 c Zerah is a variant of Zohar; see Genesis 46:10 and Exodus 6:15. 17 d SP and Syriac Arodi; see Genesis 46:16. 23 e SP, LXX, Vulgate, and Syriac the Puite clan from Puah; see 1 Chronicles 7:1. 24 f Jashub is a variant of Job; see Genesis 46:13. 30 g Iezer is a variant of Abiezer; see Joshua 17:2. 39 h A few MT manuscripts, SP, Vulgate, and Syriac (see also LXX); most MT manuscripts Shephupham 40 i SP and Vulgate (see also LXX); MT does not include from Ard. 61 j Or strange Berean Standard Bible (BSB) printed 2016, 2020, 2022, 2025 by Bible Hub and Berean.Bible. Produced in cooperation with Bible Hub, Discovery Bible, unfoldingWord, Bible Aquifer, OpenBible.com, and the Berean Bible Translation Committee. This text of God's Word has been dedicated to the public domain. Free downloads and unlimited usage available. See also the Berean Literal Bible and Berean Interlinear Bible. Bible Hub  Numbers 26 Summary The Second Census of IsraelVerses 1–4 – Command for a New Census Verses 5–11 – Reubenite Clan Totals Verses 12–14 – Simeonite Clan Totals Verses 15–18 – Gadite Clan Totals Verses 19–22 – Judahite Clan Totals Verses 23–25 – Issacharite Clan Totals Verses 26–27 – Zebulunite Clan Totals Verses 28–34 – Joseph’s Sons: Manasseh & Ephraim Verses 35–37 – Benjamite Clan Totals Verses 38–41 – Danite Clan Totals Verses 42–43 – Asherite Clan Totals Verses 44–47 – Naphtalite Clan Totals Verses 48–51 – Total Numbered of Israel Verses 52–56 – Instruction on Land Inheritance Verses 57–62 – Census of the Levites Verses 63–65 – Conclusion: The Faithful Two Numbers 26 is a captivating chapter in the Bible that takes place on the Plains of Moab. Following God's command, Moses and Eleazar conduct a second census of the Israelites, signaling the end of a generation and the readiness of a new one to claim their divine inheritance. The chapter's emphasis on obedience, divine guidance, and the implications of disobedience provides a stirring exploration of Israel's history and future. Historical Setting The scene is the plains of Moab in the 40th wilderness year (Numbers 33:38). Canaan lies just across the Jordan. Israel now comprises a whole new generation; the first had fallen for unbelief at Kadesh (Numbers 14). This second census readies them for conquest and land allocation. Purpose of the Second Census • Military readiness: to assess fighting strength. • Tribal allotment: population totals determine proportional inheritance. • Covenant continuity: God keeps a faithful remnant, replacing rebels with their offspring. Comparison with the First Census (Numbers 1) Gains: Manasseh +20,500; Benjamin +10,200; Asher +11,900; Issachar +9,900; Zebulun +3,100. Losses: Simeon –37,100; Ephraim –8,000; Reuben –2,770; Gad –5,150; Naphtali –8,000; Dan –1,700; Judah –1,900. Takeaway: sin and faithfulness directly impact future blessing (cf. Deuteronomy 28). Inheritance by Lot Cross-references: Joshua 14–19 details the lot process; Proverbs 16:33 underscores God’s control. The practice assures transparency and divine sovereignty, preventing human manipulation. The Levites’ Unique Role • No land but 48 scattered towns (Numbers 35). • Support: tithes from the other tribes (Numbers 18). • Foreshadow Christ, who “has no inheritance on earth” yet mediates for all (Hebrews 7:23-27). Archaeological Echoes • Nomadic census lists mirror Late Bronze Age tribal federations found in Egyptian Soleb temple lists (c. 1400 BC), lending external plausibility. • Levitical town design matches Iron Age hill-country discoveries, especially at Shiloh, a cult center mentioned in Joshua 18. Links to Later Scripture • The land division promise is fulfilled in Joshua 21; reiterated in Psalm 78:55. • Ezekiel 48’s millennial allotment still echoes the tribal arrangement, keeping Israel’s identity intact. • Revelation 7 lists the tribes again, showing God’s ongoing plan. Practical Takeaways for Believers Today 1. God keeps count: He notices every individual (Luke 12:7). 2. Sin affects legacy: Simeon’s plunge warns against compromise. 3. Faith endures: Caleb and Joshua exemplify persevering trust (Hebrews 6:12). 4. Service over possession: Levites remind us that ministry can outweigh material inheritance (1 Peter 2:9). Summary Truths • God’s promises survive generational turnover. • Holiness and obedience directly shape future blessing. • The LORD sovereignly allots both roles and resources among His people. Connections to Additional Scriptures Joshua 1:6-9God's encouragement to Joshua to be strong and courageous as he leads the new generation into the Promised Land. Hebrews 3:16-19 A reflection on the disobedience of the Israelites in the wilderness and a call to faithfulness. Galatians 3:28 The inclusion of all people, regardless of gender, in God's plan of salvation. Teaching Points The Purpose of the CensusNumbers 26:2 states, Take a census of the whole congregation of Israel by their clans and families, listing every man twenty years of age and older who can serve in the army of Israel. This census was not just a headcount but a preparation for the conquest of Canaan, emphasizing the importance of readiness and organization in fulfilling God's promises. A New Generation The census marks a transition from the old generation that perished in the wilderness due to disobedience to a new generation poised to inherit the Promised Land. This highlights God's faithfulness in fulfilling His promises despite human failure. Inheritance and Land Allocation Verses 52-56 discuss the allocation of land based on the size of each tribe. This underscores the principle of fairness and God's provision for each family, ensuring that everyone had a place in the Promised Land. The Role of Women In verses 33 and 46, the mention of Zelophehad's daughters and Asher's daughter, Serah, points to the inclusion and recognition of women in God's plan, which was significant in a patriarchal society. The Importance of Obedience The census serves as a reminder of the consequences of disobedience, as seen in the previous generation's failure to enter the Promised Land. It calls the new generation to faithfulness and trust in God's commands. Practical Applications Preparation for God's PromisesJust as the Israelites prepared for the Promised Land, we should prepare our hearts and lives for the fulfillment of God's promises in our lives. Faithfulness Across Generations We are called to be faithful stewards of God's promises, ensuring that we pass on a legacy of faith and obedience to the next generation. Equity and Fairness In our communities and churches, we should strive for fairness and equity, ensuring that everyone has a place and a role in God's kingdom. Recognizing the Role of Women Acknowledge and support the contributions of women in ministry and leadership, recognizing their vital role in God's plan. Obedience to God Reflect on areas of disobedience in our lives and seek to align ourselves with God's will, trusting in His faithfulness and provision. People 1. ReubenThe firstborn of Israel. The descendants of Reuben are listed, including the clans of Hanoch, Pallu, Hezron, and Carmi. 2. Simeon The descendants of Simeon are enumerated, including the clans of Nemuel, Jamin, Jachin, Zerah, and Shaul. 3. Gad The descendants of Gad are listed, including the clans of Zephon, Haggi, Shuni, Ozni, Eri, Arod, and Areli. 4. Judah The descendants of Judah are mentioned, including the clans of Shelah, Perez, and Zerah. Notably, Perez's sons, Hezron and Hamul, are also listed. 5. Issachar The descendants of Issachar are enumerated, including the clans of Tola, Puah, Jashub, and Shimron. 6. Zebulun The descendants of Zebulun are listed, including the clans of Sered, Elon, and Jahleel. 7. Manasseh The descendants of Manasseh, son of Joseph, are mentioned, including the clans of Machir, Gilead, Iezer, Helek, Asriel, Shechem, Shemida, and Hepher. 8. Ephraim The descendants of Ephraim, son of Joseph, are enumerated, including the clans of Shuthelah, Beker, and Tahan. Eran, son of Shuthelah, is also mentioned. 9. Benjamin The descendants of Benjamin are listed, including the clans of Bela, Ashbel, Ahiram, Shupham, and Hupham. Additionally, the sons of Bela, Ard and Naaman, are noted. 10. Dan The descendants of Dan are mentioned, specifically the clan of Shuham. 11. Asher The descendants of Asher are enumerated, including the clans of Imnah, Ishvi, Beriah, and the sons of Beriah, Heber and Malchiel. Notably, Asher's daughter, Serah, is also mentioned. 12. Naphtali The descendants of Naphtali are listed, including the clans of Jahzeel, Guni, Jezer, and Shillem. Places 1. Plains of MoabThe census takes place on the plains of Moab, by the Jordan across from Jericho. This location is significant as it is where the Israelites are encamped before entering the Promised Land. The Hebrew term for Moab is "מוֹאָב" (Mo'av), which refers to the region east of the Dead Sea. 2. Jordan River The Jordan River is mentioned as a geographical marker, indicating the location of the Israelites' encampment. The Hebrew word "יַרְדֵּן" (Yarden) signifies the river that serves as a boundary before the Israelites cross into Canaan. 3. Jericho Although not directly mentioned in Numbers 26, Jericho is referenced as being across from the plains of Moab. Jericho, "יְרִיחוֹ" (Yeriho) in Hebrew, is one of the first cities the Israelites will encounter upon entering the Promised Land. Events 1. Command to Take a CensusGod commands Moses and Eleazar, the son of Aaron, to take a census of the entire Israelite community. This census is to include all males twenty years old and upward who are able to serve in Israel's army. The Hebrew word for "census" (פְּקֻדִּים, ^pekudim^) implies a detailed accounting or registration. 2. Census of the Reubenites The descendants of Reuben, Israel's firstborn, are counted. The total number of Reubenite men is 43,730. This reflects the importance of maintaining tribal identities and inheritance rights. 3. Census of the Simeonites The tribe of Simeon is counted, totaling 22,200 men. This number shows a significant decrease from the previous census, possibly reflecting divine judgment or other historical factors. 4. Census of the Gadites The descendants of Gad are numbered, totaling 40,500 men. The Hebrew root for Gad (גָּד, ^Gad^) means "fortune" or "troop," indicating the tribe's strength. 5. Census of the Judahites The tribe of Judah is counted, with a total of 76,500 men. Judah's prominence is highlighted, as this tribe will later produce King David and, ultimately, Jesus Christ. 6. Census of the Issacharites The descendants of Issachar are numbered, totaling 64,300 men. The name Issachar (יִשָּׂשכָר, ^Yissachar^) is associated with reward or recompense. 7. Census of the Zebulunites The tribe of Zebulun is counted, totaling 60,500 men. Zebulun's name (זְבוּלֻן, ^Zebulun^) is linked to honor or dwelling. 8. Census of the Manassites The descendants of Manasseh, son of Joseph, are numbered, totaling 52,700 men. Manasseh (מְנַשֶּׁה, ^Menasheh^) means "causing to forget," reflecting Joseph's experience in Egypt. 9. Census of the Ephraimites The tribe of Ephraim, also descended from Joseph, is counted, totaling 32,500 men. Ephraim (אֶפְרַיִם, ^Ephraim^) means "fruitful," indicating prosperity. 10. Census of the Benjaminites The descendants of Benjamin are numbered, totaling 45,600 men. Benjamin (בִּנְיָמִין, ^Binyamin^) means "son of the right hand," signifying favor. 11. Census of the Danites The tribe of Dan is counted, totaling 64,400 men. Dan (דָּן, ^Dan^) means "judge," reflecting the tribe's role in Israel. 12. Census of the Asherites The descendants of Asher are numbered, totaling 53,400 men. Asher (אָשֵׁר, ^Asher^) means "happy" or "blessed." 13. Census of the Naphtalites The tribe of Naphtali is counted, totaling 45,400 men. Naphtali (נַפְתָּלִי, ^Naphtali^) means "my struggle," indicating perseverance. 14. Total Number of Israelites The total number of Israelite men able to serve in the army is 601,730. This reflects God's faithfulness in preserving His people despite previous judgments. 15. Inheritance by Lot God instructs that the land is to be divided among the tribes by lot, according to the number of names. This ensures a fair distribution based on divine providence. 16. Census of the Levites The Levites, who are not counted among the fighting men, are numbered separately, totaling 23,000 males a month old and upward. The Levites' role is to serve in the tabernacle, emphasizing their unique spiritual responsibilities. 17. Conclusion of the Census The chapter concludes by noting that none of the men counted in the previous census, except Caleb and Joshua, are included in this one due to God's judgment in the wilderness. This underscores the themes of obedience and divine justice. Topics 1. Census of the New GenerationNumbers 26 begins with God instructing Moses and Eleazar to take a census of the Israelite community. This census is significant as it marks the new generation of Israelites who will enter the Promised Land, following the death of the previous generation due to their disobedience. The Hebrew term for "census" (פְּקֻדִּים, ^pekudim^) implies an accounting or numbering, emphasizing the importance of each individual in God's plan. 2. Tribal Listings and Numbers The chapter provides a detailed listing of the tribes of Israel, along with the number of men eligible for military service from each tribe. This reflects the organizational structure and readiness of the Israelites as they prepare to enter Canaan. The Hebrew word for "tribe" (שֵׁבֶט, ^shevet^) also means "staff" or "scepter," symbolizing authority and leadership within each tribe. 3. Inheritance and Land Allocation The census serves a dual purpose: not only does it prepare the Israelites for military engagement, but it also sets the stage for the allocation of land in the Promised Land. The land is to be divided according to the size of each tribe, as indicated by the census numbers. This reflects the Hebrew concept of ^nachalah^ (נַחֲלָה), meaning "inheritance," which underscores the divine promise and provision for each tribe. 4. The Levites' Census Separate from the other tribes, the Levites are also counted, though they are not given a land inheritance like the other tribes. Their role is distinct, focusing on religious duties and service to the Tabernacle. The Hebrew root for "Levi" (לֵוִי, ^Levi^) is associated with joining or attachment, highlighting their unique connection to God and the priestly service. 5. The Death of the Previous Generation The chapter concludes with a reminder of the fate of the previous generation, who perished in the wilderness due to their rebellion against God. This serves as a sobering reminder of the consequences of disobedience and the faithfulness required to inherit God's promises. The Hebrew term for "wilderness" (מִדְבָּר, ^midbar^) can also mean "desert" or "place of speaking," symbolizing both desolation and the place where God communicates with His people. Themes 1. Census of the New GenerationNumbers 26 begins with God instructing Moses and Eleazar to take a census of the Israelite community. This census is significant as it marks the new generation of Israelites who will enter the Promised Land, following the death of the previous generation in the wilderness. The Hebrew word for "census" (פָּקַד, ^paqad^) implies a careful accounting and responsibility, highlighting God's ongoing care and order for His people. 2. Tribal Inheritance and Identity The chapter details the genealogies and numbers of each tribe, emphasizing the importance of tribal identity and inheritance. This reflects the Hebrew concept of ^nachalah^ (נַחֲלָה), meaning "inheritance," which underscores the continuity of God's promises to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. 3. Divine Judgment and Mercy The census also serves as a reminder of God's judgment on the previous generation due to their disobedience, as none of the men counted in the first census, except Caleb and Joshua, are included in this count. This theme is rooted in the Hebrew understanding of God's justice (^mishpat^, מִשְׁפָּט) and mercy (^chesed^, חֶסֶד). 4. Leadership Transition The chapter sets the stage for a transition in leadership from Moses to Joshua. This theme is significant as it reflects the Hebrew concept of ^shaliach^ (שָׁלִיחַ), meaning "sent one" or "messenger," indicating the continuity of God's mission through appointed leaders. 5. Preparation for Conquest The census is a preparatory step for the Israelites' conquest of Canaan. This theme is tied to the Hebrew word ^tsava^ (צָבָא), meaning "army" or "host," as the Israelites are being organized for the upcoming battles to claim their inheritance. 6. Faithfulness to God's Covenant The detailed recording of each tribe and family underscores God's faithfulness to His covenant promises. The Hebrew term ^berit^ (בְּרִית), meaning "covenant," is central to understanding the enduring relationship between God and Israel. 7. Hope and Renewal Despite the past failures of the previous generation, the new census represents hope and renewal for the nation. This theme is encapsulated in the Hebrew word ^tikvah^ (תִּקְוָה), meaning "hope," as the Israelites look forward to the fulfillment of God's promises in the Promised Land. Answering Tough Questions 1. How could the Israelites realistically number over 600,000 men in the desert (Numbers 26:51) without historical or archaeological evidence to support such a massive population? Bible Study Discussion Questions 1. How does the second census in Numbers 26 contrast with the first census in Numbers 1? 2. What can we learn about God's character through His instruction to conduct a census? 3. How does the concept of obedience play out in this chapter? 4. Reflect on the concept of divine inheritance as it is presented in Numbers 26. How can this be related to the inheritance believers receive in Christ? 5. Why do you think the Levites were treated differently in the census and inheritance? 6. What lessons can we learn from the fate of the disobedient generation of Israelites? 7. How does the story of Korah’s family reflect the concept of personal responsibility and consequences? 8. How does Numbers 26 prepare the Israelites for the future? How can we similarly prepare for our future? 9. In modern society, how do we see the principles of obedience and disobedience at work? 10. Discuss the relevance of this chapter in relation to present-day church leadership. 11. How can the census of Israel be related to the idea of every person's value and importance to God? 12. If you were in Moses' or Eleazar's position, how would you handle the task of the census? 13. How does the theme of God's faithfulness in Numbers 26 inspire you in your current life situation? 14. What practical lessons can you learn from the distribution of the land based on tribe size? 15. How can you apply the concept of God’s fairness and justice, as shown in the distribution of land, to situations in your own life? 16. What are some practical ways we can count our blessings as the Israelites counted their numbers? 17. What does the fate of the previous generation teach about the consequences of doubting God's promises? 18. In today's context, how can we ensure that we are not counted among those who rebel against God's commands? 19. What steps can we take to ensure our actions today have a positive impact on future generations, as Caleb and Joshua did? 20. What are some "promised lands" or blessings you believe God has in store for you, and how are you preparing to receive them? Bible Hub Chapter Summaries and Bible Study Questions |
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