Ezekiel 23:16
New International Version
As soon as she saw them, she lusted after them and sent messengers to them in Chaldea.

New Living Translation
When she saw these paintings, she longed to give herself to them, so she sent messengers to Babylonia to invite them to come to her.

English Standard Version
When she saw them, she lusted after them and sent messengers to them in Chaldea.

Berean Standard Bible
At the sight of them, she lusted for them and sent messengers to them in Chaldea.

King James Bible
And as soon as she saw them with her eyes, she doted upon them, and sent messengers unto them into Chaldea.

New King James Version
As soon as her eyes saw them, She lusted for them And sent messengers to them in Chaldea.

New American Standard Bible
And when she saw them she lusted after them and sent messengers to them in Chaldea.

NASB 1995
“When she saw them she lusted after them and sent messengers to them in Chaldea.

NASB 1977
“And when she saw them she lusted after them and sent messengers to them in Chaldea.

Legacy Standard Bible
And she saw them and lusted after them and sent messengers to them in Chaldea.

Amplified Bible
When she saw [the sketches of] them, she lusted after them and sent messengers to them in Chaldea.

Christian Standard Bible
At the sight of them she lusted after them and sent messengers to them in Chaldea.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
At the sight of them she lusted after them and sent messengers to them in Chaldea.

American Standard Version
And as soon as she saw them she doted upon them, and sent messengers unto them into Chaldea.

Contemporary English Version
As soon as she looked at them, she wanted to have sex with them. And so, she sent messengers to bring them to her.

English Revised Version
And as soon as she saw them she doted upon them, and sent messengers unto them into Chaldea.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
She fell in love with them at first sight and sent messengers to them in Babylonia.

Good News Translation
As soon as she saw them, she was filled with lust and sent messengers to them in Babylonia.

International Standard Version
"She lusted after them when she saw them, so she sent messengers to summon them from Chaldea.

Majority Standard Bible
At the sight of them, she lusted for them and sent messengers to them in Chaldea.

NET Bible
When she saw them, she lusted after them and sent messengers to them in Chaldea.

New Heart English Bible
As soon as she saw them she doted on them, and sent messengers to them into Chaldea.

Webster's Bible Translation
And as soon as she saw them with her eyes she doted upon them, and sent messengers to them into Chaldea.

World English Bible
As soon as she saw them, she lusted after them and sent messengers to them into Chaldea.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
And she lusts on them at the sight of her eyes, "" And sends messengers to them, to Chaldea.

Young's Literal Translation
And she doteth on them at the sight of her eyes, And sendeth messengers to them, to Chaldea.

Smith's Literal Translation
And she will desire after them at the sight of her eyes, and she will send messengers to them to Chaldea.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
She doted upon them with the lust of her eyes, and she sent messengers to them into Chaldea.

Catholic Public Domain Version
she became mad for them with the desire of her eyes, and she sent messengers to them in Chaldea.

New American Bible
As soon as she set eyes on them she lusted for them, and she sent messengers to them in Chaldea.

New Revised Standard Version
When she saw them she lusted after them, and sent messengers to them in Chaldea.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
As soon as she saw them with her eyes, she doted upon them, and sent messengers to them to the land of the Chaldeans,

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And she was joined to them in the vision of her eyes, and she sent them Messengers into the land of the Chaldeans
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
And as soon as she saw them she doted upon them, and sent messengers unto them into Chaldea.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
And she doted upon them as soon as she saw them, and sent forth messengers to them into the land of the Chaldeans.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
The Adultery of Oholah and Oholibah
15wearing belts on their waists and flowing turbans on their heads; all of them looked like officers of the Babylonians in Chaldea, the land of their birth. 16At the sight of them, she lusted for them and sent messengers to them in Chaldea. 17Then the Babylonians came to her, to the bed of love, and in their lust they defiled her. But after she had been defiled by them, she turned away in disgust.…

Cross References
Jeremiah 4:30
And you, O devastated one, what will you do, though you dress yourself in scarlet, though you adorn yourself with gold jewelry, though you enlarge your eyes with paint? You adorn yourself in vain; your lovers despise you; they want to take your life.

Isaiah 57:8
Behind the door and doorpost you have set up your memorial. Forsaking Me, you uncovered your bed; you climbed up and opened it wide. And you have made a pact with those whose bed you have loved; you have gazed upon their nakedness.

Hosea 2:13
I will punish her for the days of the Baals when she burned incense to them, when she adorned herself with rings and jewelry, and went after her lovers. But Me she forgot,” declares the LORD.

2 Kings 9:30
Now when Jehu arrived in Jezreel, Jezebel heard of it. So she painted her eyes, adorned her head, and looked down from a window.

Revelation 17:1-2
Then one of the seven angels with the seven bowls came and said to me, “Come, I will show you the punishment of the great prostitute, who sits on many waters. / The kings of the earth were immoral with her, and those who dwell on the earth were intoxicated with the wine of her immorality.”

Revelation 18:3
All the nations have drunk the wine of the passion of her immorality. The kings of the earth were immoral with her, and the merchants of the earth have grown wealthy from the extravagance of her luxury.”

Jeremiah 13:27
Your adulteries and lustful neighings, your shameless prostitution on the hills and in the fields—I have seen your detestable acts. Woe to you, O Jerusalem! How long will you remain unclean?”

Isaiah 23:17
And at the end of seventy years, the LORD will restore Tyre. Then she will return to hire as a prostitute and sell herself to all the kingdoms on the face of the earth.

Hosea 4:12
My people consult their wooden idols, and their divining rods inform them. For a spirit of prostitution leads them astray and they have played the harlot against their God.

Revelation 14:8
Then a second angel followed, saying, “Fallen, fallen is Babylon the great, who has made all the nations drink the wine of the passion of her immorality.”

Nahum 3:4
because of the many harlotries of the harlot, the seductive mistress of sorcery, who betrays nations by her prostitution and clans by her witchcraft.

Isaiah 1:21
See how the faithful city has become a harlot! She once was full of justice; righteousness resided within her, but now only murderers!

James 4:4
You adulteresses! Do you not know that friendship with the world is hostility toward God? Therefore, whoever chooses to be a friend of the world renders himself an enemy of God.

Jeremiah 2:20
“For long ago you broke your yoke and tore off your chains, saying, ‘I will not serve!’ Indeed, on every high hill and under every green tree you lay down as a prostitute.

Revelation 17:5
And on her forehead a mysterious name was written: BABYLON THE GREAT, THE MOTHER OF PROSTITUTES AND OF THE ABOMINATIONS OF THE EARTH.


Treasury of Scripture

And as soon as she saw them with her eyes, she doted on them, and sent messengers to them into Chaldea.

Ezekiel 16:29
Thou hast moreover multiplied thy fornication in the land of Canaan unto Chaldea; and yet thou wast not satisfied herewith.

Genesis 3:6
And when the woman saw that the tree was good for food, and that it was pleasant to the eyes, and a tree to be desired to make one wise, she took of the fruit thereof, and did eat, and gave also unto her husband with her; and he did eat.

Genesis 6:2
That the sons of God saw the daughters of men that they were fair; and they took them wives of all which they chose.

and sent

Ezekiel 23:40,41
And furthermore, that ye have sent for men to come from far, unto whom a messenger was sent; and, lo, they came: for whom thou didst wash thyself, paintedst thy eyes, and deckedst thyself with ornaments, …

Ezekiel 16:17,29
Thou hast also taken thy fair jewels of my gold and of my silver, which I had given thee, and madest to thyself images of men, and didst commit whoredom with them, …

2 Peter 2:14
Having eyes full of adultery, and that cannot cease from sin; beguiling unstable souls: an heart they have exercised with covetous practices; cursed children:

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Ezekiel 23
1. The unfaithfulness of Aholah and Aholibah
23. Aholibah is to be plagued by her lovers
36. The prophet reproves the adulteries of them both
45. and shows their judgments














At the sight of them
This phrase indicates the immediate and visual nature of the temptation. In biblical context, sight often represents the initial point of temptation, as seen in Genesis 3:6 with Eve and the forbidden fruit. The Israelites were warned against being led astray by what they saw, as in Numbers 15:39. This highlights the importance of guarding one's eyes and heart against idolatry and sin.

she lusted for them
Lust here symbolizes a deep, consuming desire that leads to spiritual adultery. In the prophetic literature, Israel's idolatry is often depicted as unfaithfulness to God, akin to marital infidelity. This mirrors the language used in Hosea, where Israel's pursuit of other gods is likened to an adulterous wife. The lust for foreign nations and their gods represents a turning away from the covenant relationship with Yahweh.

and sent messengers to them
Sending messengers signifies an active pursuit and deliberate choice to engage with foreign powers, contrary to God's commands. This action reflects Israel's political alliances with pagan nations, seeking security and prosperity outside of God's provision. Historically, Israel and Judah often sought alliances with powerful neighbors like Egypt and Assyria, which led to their downfall.

in Chaldea
Chaldea refers to the region of southern Babylonia, known for its wealth and power during the time of Ezekiel. The Chaldeans, or Babylonians, were rising to prominence and would eventually conquer Judah, leading to the Babylonian exile. This geographical reference underscores the historical context of Israel's entanglement with Babylonian culture and politics, which was both a literal and spiritual captivity. The mention of Chaldea also foreshadows the coming judgment and exile as a consequence of Israel's unfaithfulness.

Persons / Places / Events
1. Oholibah
This is a symbolic name for Jerusalem, representing the southern kingdom of Judah. In Ezekiel 23, Oholibah is depicted as an unfaithful woman who lusts after foreign nations and their idols.

2. Chaldea
This refers to the region of Babylonia, known for its powerful empire and influence. The Chaldeans were known for their military prowess and cultural achievements, but also for their idolatry and pagan practices.

3. Messengers
These are representatives sent by Oholibah (Judah) to Chaldea, symbolizing Judah's desire to form alliances and adopt the ways of the Babylonians, rather than relying on God.
Teaching Points
The Danger of Idolatry
Just as Oholibah lusted after the Chaldeans, believers today must guard against the allure of modern-day idols, whether they be material possessions, power, or cultural trends.

Trust in God Alone
Judah's reliance on foreign alliances rather than God serves as a warning to place our trust solely in the Lord, not in worldly powers or solutions.

The Consequences of Unfaithfulness
The account of Oholibah illustrates the spiritual and physical consequences of turning away from God. Believers are called to remain faithful to God's covenant.

Repentance and Restoration
Despite Judah's unfaithfulness, God's desire is for repentance and restoration. This offers hope that no matter how far we stray, God is willing to forgive and restore us.

Cultural Discernment
The account challenges believers to discern cultural influences and reject those that lead us away from God's truth.(16) Saw them with her eyes.--This is to be taken in a sense wide enough to include knowledge obtained in any way, as well as by actual sight. The intercourse between Judaea and Babylon was so close that many of the people had seen the Babylonians personally, while others knew of them through their report.

Sent messengers.--Ahaz "sent messengers" to Assyria (2Kings 16:7), and Hezekiah entertained ambassadors from Babylon (2Kings 20:13); but besides these, the whole history of the times implies that there must have been frequent embassies of which no special mention is made. One from Zedekiah is incidentally mentioned by Jeremiah (Jeremiah 29:3), of which there is no record in history.



Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
At the sight
לְמַרְאֵ֣ה (lə·mar·’êh)
Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 4758: Sight, appearance, vision

of them she lusted
וַתַּעְגְּבָ֥ה (wat·ta‘·gə·ḇāh)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine singular | third person feminine singular
Strong's 5689: To have inordinate affection, lust

for them
עֲלֵיהֶ֖ם (‘ă·lê·hem)
Preposition | third person masculine plural
Strong's 5921: Above, over, upon, against

and sent
וַתִּשְׁלַ֧ח (wat·tiš·laḥ)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine singular
Strong's 7971: To send away, for, out

messengers
מַלְאָכִ֛ים (mal·’ā·ḵîm)
Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 4397: A messenger, of God, an angel

to them
אֲלֵיהֶ֖ם (’ă·lê·hem)
Preposition | third person masculine plural
Strong's 413: Near, with, among, to

in Chaldea.
כַּשְׂדִּֽימָה׃ (kaś·dî·māh)
Noun - proper - feminine singular | third person feminine singular
Strong's 3778: Chaldeans -- a region of southern Babylon and its inhab


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OT Prophets: Ezekiel 23:16 As soon as she saw them she (Ezek. Eze Ezk)
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