Lexicon gumnasia: Exercise, training, discipline Original Word: γυμνασία Strong's Exhaustive Concordance exercise, training, disciplineFrom gumnazo; training, i.e. (figuratively) asceticism -- exercise. see GREEK gumnazo HELPS Word-studies Cognate: 1129 gymnasía (from 1128 /gymnázō, "to train, work out, exercise" and the root of the English term, "gymnasium") – properly, physical training ("bodily exercise"). 1129 /gymnasía ("bodily exercise"), used only in 1 Tim 4:8, refers to bodily disciplines used for extreme ascetic practices. That is, when physical exercise (like yoga) is viewed as "the necessary gateway to experience true spirituality." Thus exercise per se is not discouraged here, only required bodily exercises in mystical-physical teachings like theosophy. This ancient (and current) philosophy contends the discipline of the body is one of life's chief concerns and special physical exercises as necessary for spiritual advancment. (cf. Expositor's Greek Testament). ["The words are to be taken in their literal sense as referring to physical training in the palaestra – boxing, racing, etc. Compare 1 Cor 9:24-27. Some, however, find in them an allusion to current ascetic practices; against which is the statement that such exercise is profitable, though only for a little" (WS, 1035).] NAS Exhaustive Concordance Word Originfrom gumnazó Definition exercise NASB Translation discipline (1). Thayer's Greek Lexicon STRONGS NT 1129: γυμνασίαγυμνασία, γυμνασιας, ἡ (γυμνάζω); a. properly, the exercise of the body in the palaestra. b. any exercise whatever: σωματική γυμνασία, the exercise of conscientiousness relative to the body, such as is characteristic of ascetics and consists in abstinence from matrimony and certain kinds of food, 1 Timothy 4:8. (4 Macc. 11:19. In Greek writings from Plato, legg. i., p. 648 c. down.) Corresponding Greek / Hebrew Entries: While there is no direct Hebrew equivalent for γυμνασία, the concept of discipline and training can be related to Hebrew terms such as מוּסָר (mûsār, Strong's 4148), which means "discipline" or "instruction," and לָמַד (lāmad, Strong's 3925), meaning "to learn" or "to teach." These terms similarly emphasize the importance of instruction and discipline in the development of moral and spiritual character. Usage: The word γυμνασία appears in the New Testament in the context of spiritual discipline and training. It is used metaphorically to describe the process of cultivating godliness and moral character. Context: The term γυμνασία is found in the New Testament in 1 Timothy 4:8, where the Apostle Paul contrasts physical exercise with spiritual training. The verse reads: "For physical exercise is of limited value, but godliness is valuable in every way, holding promise for the present life and for the one to come" (BSB). Here, Paul acknowledges the benefits of physical training but emphasizes the superior and eternal value of spiritual discipline. The use of γυμνασία in this context highlights the importance of prioritizing spiritual growth and godliness over mere physical fitness. This reflects a broader biblical theme that encourages believers to focus on the development of inner virtues and a life that aligns with God's will. The metaphor of athletic training is used to illustrate the dedication, effort, and perseverance required in the pursuit of spiritual maturity. |
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