Lexical Summary katapauó: To cause to rest, to bring to a stop, to quiet Original Word: καταπαύω Strong's Exhaustive Concordance cease, give rest. From kata and pauo; to settle down, i.e. (literally) to colonize, or (figuratively) to (cause to) desist -- cease, (give) rest(-rain). see GREEK kata see GREEK pauo NAS Exhaustive Concordance Word Originfrom kata and pauó Definition to cause to cease, to rest NASB Translation given...rest (1), rested (2), restrained (1). Thayer's Greek Lexicon STRONGS NT 2664: καταπαύωκαταπαύω: 1 aorist κατεπαυσα; (κατά, like the German nieder down); 1. transitive, (the Sept. for הֵנִיחַ, הִשְׁבִּית) to make quiet, to cause to be at rest, to grant rest; i. e. a. to lead to a quiet abode: τινα, Hebrews 4:8 (Exodus 33:14; Deuteronomy 3:20; Deuteronomy 5:33; Deuteronomy 12:10; Joshua 1:13, 15; 2 Chronicles 14:7; 2 Chronicles 32:22; Sir. 24:11). b. to still, restrain, to cause (one striving to do something) to desist: followed by τοῦ μή and an infinitive, Acts 14:18 (cf. Buttmann, § 140, 16 β.; Winer's Grammar, 325 (305)). 2. intransitive, to rest, take rest (Hebrew נוּחַ, שָׁבַת): ἀπό τίνος, Hebrews 4:4, 10,(Genesis 2:2). In the same and other senses in Greek writings from Homer down. Strong’s Greek 2664 underscores the act of causing something or someone to cease from activity. In Scripture the verb appears four times, once describing an apostle’s effort to halt pagan sacrifice (Acts 14:18) and three times in Hebrews 4 to describe the divine gift of rest. The range of usage moves from restraining misguided zeal to portraying the ultimate Sabbath enjoyment that flows from God’s completed work. Occurrence in Acts 14:18 – Restraining Misguided Worship • Context: At Lystra, after Paul heals a lame man, the crowd attempts to offer sacrifice to Paul and Barnabas as gods. – The verb highlights decisive action to curb idolatry. – The apostles model spiritual leadership by opposing honor that belongs only to the living God. – This single narrative use prepares readers for the theological weight the verb will later bear in Hebrews: what humans cannot secure or sustain apart from God must be decisively checked, whether pagan sacrifice or self-sourced righteousness. Occurrences in Hebrews 4 – Entering God’s Rest Hebrews unpacks Psalm 95 in light of Genesis 2:2, portraying rest as both historic (Creation), covenantal (the land), and eschatological (the believer’s final inheritance). Key themes: 1. Divine Pattern: God’s own cessation becomes the prototype for human rest. Old Testament Background • Genesis 2:2 supplies the foundational motif: rest follows completion. Christological Fulfillment Hebrews presents Jesus as the greater Joshua who actually provides what the son of Nun could not. Believers cease from self-effort not through inactivity but by trusting the once-for-all sufficiency of Christ’s priestly work (Hebrews 4:14-16). Pastoral and Discipleship Implications • Assurance: Rest is both a present possession in union with Christ (Matthew 11:28-29) and a future consummation (Revelation 14:13). Eschatological Dimension Katapauō in Hebrews points forward to the “Sabbath rest that remains for the people of God” (Hebrews 4:9). New-creation rest mirrors Eden’s first seventh day while surpassing it in permanence and glory. Practical Ministry Applications • Evangelism: Present the gospel as God’s invitation to cease striving and trust Christ’s finished work. Conclusion Strong’s Greek 2664 stitches together a vivid biblical tapestry: the apostles restrain improper zeal, God rests after creation, Joshua’s rest remains incomplete, and Christ secures the final Sabbath. Each occurrence calls believers to halt self-dependent labor and enter the joy of God’s accomplished salvation. Englishman's Concordance Acts 14:18 V-AIA-3PGRK: λέγοντες μόλις κατέπαυσαν τοὺς ὄχλους NAS: with difficulty they restrained the crowds KJV: scarce restrained they the people, INT: saying hardly they stopped the crowds Hebrews 4:4 V-AIA-3S Hebrews 4:8 V-AIA-3S Hebrews 4:10 V-AIA-3S Strong's Greek 2664 |
    |