Lexical Summary képos: Garden Original Word: κῆπος Strong's Exhaustive Concordance garden. Of uncertain affinity; a garden -- garden. NAS Exhaustive Concordance Word Origina prim. word Definition a garden NASB Translation garden (5). Thayer's Greek Lexicon STRONGS NT 2779: κῆποςκῆπος, κήπου, ὁ (thought to be allied with σκάπτω, Latincampus, etc.), from Homer down, the Sept. for גִּנָּה, גַּנָּה, גַּן; a garden: Luke 13:19; John 18:1, 26; John 19:41. (BB. DD., under the word Topical Lexicon Definition and Background The Greek term κῆπος designates a cultivated plot—an enclosed garden or orchard—set aside for the nurturing of valuable plants, trees, or vines. Throughout Scripture gardens symbolize provision, intimacy, and divine-human fellowship, recalling Eden at the beginning and the paradise of God promised at the end (Revelation 2:7). New Testament usage therefore carries rich theological resonance, linking Christ’s redemptive work to the restoration of creation’s original harmony. Occurrences in the New Testament 1. John 18:1 records that Jesus crossed the Kidron Valley and entered “a garden” with His disciples, the setting for His agonizing prayer and voluntary arrest. 4–5. John 19:41 notes twice that near the crucifixion site “there was a garden,” and within that garden a new tomb where Jesus was laid, underscoring the intentional location of both His suffering and His burial. Theological Themes • Reversal of Eden’s Tragedy: Humanity’s fall occurred in a garden; Christ’s obedience and triumph likewise unfold in gardens, signaling reversal of the curse. Historical and Cultural Background First-century Judea featured private walled gardens attached to estates, irrigated by cisterns or nearby streams. Wealthy owners often installed vineyards, fig trees, or olive presses. The garden across the Kidron likely belonged to a sympathizer who granted Jesus access for retreat. Tombs were hewn from rock faces bordering such plots; the presence of a newly hewn tomb in John 19 aligns with common elite practice, meeting prophetic requirement that Messiah be “with a rich man in His death” (Isaiah 53:9). Implications for Ministry and Discipleship • Cultivating Prayer: The garden of Gethsemane calls every believer to seasons of solitude for communion with the Father and submission to His will. Typological and Eschatological Significance From Eden lost to Zion restored, Scripture frames salvation history between gardens. Christ enters a garden to accept the cup of wrath and departs from a garden tomb victorious, securing the promise of the final garden-city where “the tree of life yields its fruit every month” (Revelation 22:2). Thus κῆπος serves as a motif of inaugurated new creation, assuring believers that the present age of toil will culminate in everlasting fellowship with God amid a fully redeemed cosmos. Summary Strong’s 2779 highlights more than a geographical detail; it threads together creation, covenant, and consummation. The garden scenes of Jesus’ passion and parables portray the Lord as both Sower and Seed, Gardener and Firstfruits, inviting His people to walk with Him until every wilderness becomes a garden of the Lord. Forms and Transliterations κήποις κηπον κήπον κήπόν κῆπον κηπος κήπος κῆπος κήπου κήπους κηπω κήπω κήπῳ κηπών kepo kēpō kḗpoi kḗpōi kepon kêpon kēpon kē̂pon kepos kêpos kēpos kē̂posLinks Interlinear Greek • Interlinear Hebrew • Strong's Numbers • Englishman's Greek Concordance • Englishman's Hebrew Concordance • Parallel TextsEnglishman's Concordance Luke 13:19 N-AMSGRK: ἔβαλεν εἰς κῆπον ἑαυτοῦ καὶ NAS: into his own garden; and it grew KJV: into his garden; and it grew, INT: cast into garden his and John 18:1 N-NMS John 18:26 N-DMS John 19:41 N-NMS John 19:41 N-DMS Strong's Greek 2779 |
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