124. odem

Lexicon

odem: Ruby, Sardius, Red Stone

Original Word: אֹדֶם
Part of Speech: Noun Feminine
Transliteration: odem
Pronunciation: OH-dem
Phonetic Spelling: (o'-dem)
Definition: Ruby, Sardius, Red Stone
Meaning: redness, the ruby, garnet, some other red gem

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance

sardius

From 'adam; redness, i.e. The ruby, garnet, or some other red gem -- sardius.

see HEBREW 'adam

NAS Exhaustive Concordance

Word Origin
from the same as adom
Definition
a carnelian
NASB Translation
ruby (3).

Brown-Driver-Briggs

אֹ֫דֶם noun [feminine] carnelian (from redness; ᵐ5 σάρδιον; on formative compare Lag^{BN 144}) Exodus 28:17; Exodus 39:10 (P) Ezekiel 28:13.

Topical Lexicon

Word Origin: Derived from the root אָדַם (adam), meaning "to be red" or "to show blood (in the face), i.e., flush or turn rosy."

Corresponding Greek / Hebrew Entries: • G4556 (σάρδιον, sardion): This Greek term is used in the New Testament to refer to a sardius or carnelian, a red gemstone similar to the Hebrew אֹדֶם. It appears in Revelation 4:3 and 21:20, where it is part of the description of the heavenly city and the appearance of God, emphasizing themes of majesty and holiness.

In summary, אֹדֶם is a term rich in symbolic meaning, representing both the physical beauty of red gemstones and the deeper spiritual themes of sacrifice, redemption, and divine glory within the biblical narrative.

Usage: The word אֹדֶם appears in the context of describing precious stones, particularly in the High Priest's breastplate and in the depiction of the New Jerusalem. It is used to convey the beauty and value associated with these red gemstones.

Context: • Occurrences in Scripture: The term אֹדֶם is found in several key passages within the Hebrew Bible. Notably, it appears in Exodus 28:17 and 39:10, where it is listed as the first stone in the first row of the High Priest's breastplate. This stone is associated with the tribe of Reuben. Additionally, Ezekiel 28:13 mentions אֹדֶם as one of the precious stones adorning the King of Tyre, symbolizing wealth and beauty.
• Symbolism and Significance: In biblical symbolism, the color red often represents blood, sacrifice, and atonement. The use of אֹדֶם in the High Priest's breastplate may symbolize the priestly role in mediating between God and the people, highlighting themes of sacrifice and redemption. The presence of אֹדֶם in descriptions of the New Jerusalem (Revelation 21:19) underscores the city's splendor and divine glory.
• Cultural and Historical Context: In ancient Near Eastern cultures, gemstones like the ruby or garnet were highly prized for their beauty and rarity. They were often used in jewelry and religious artifacts, signifying status and divine favor.

Forms and Transliterations

אֹ֣דֶם אֹ֤דֶם אדם ’ō·ḏem ’ōḏem Odem

Englishman's Concordance

Exodus 28:17
HEB: אָ֑בֶן ט֗וּר אֹ֤דֶם פִּטְדָה֙ וּבָרֶ֔קֶת
NAS: [shall be] a row of ruby, topaz
KJV: [the first] row [shall be] a sardius, a topaz,
INT: of stones row of ruby topaz and emerald

Exodus 39:10
HEB: אָ֑בֶן ט֗וּר אֹ֤דֶם פִּטְדָה֙ וּבָרֶ֔קֶת
NAS: [was] a row of ruby, topaz,
KJV: [the first] row [was] a sardius, a topaz,
INT: of stones row of ruby topaz and emerald

Ezekiel 28:13
HEB: יְקָרָ֤ה מְסֻכָתֶ֙ךָ֙ אֹ֣דֶם פִּטְדָ֞ה וְיָהֲלֹ֗ם
NAS: was your covering: The ruby, the topaz
KJV: [was] thy covering, the sardius, topaz,
INT: precious was your covering the ruby the topaz and the diamond

3 Occurrences

Strong's Hebrew 124
3 Occurrences

’ō·ḏem — 3 Occ.