1314. bosem

Lexicon

bosem: Spice, balsam, perfume

Original Word: בֶּשֶׂם
Part of Speech: Noun Masculine
Transliteration: besem
Pronunciation: BOH-sem
Phonetic Spelling: (beh'-sem)
Definition: Spice, balsam, perfume
Meaning: fragrance, spicery, the balsam plant

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance

smell, spice, sweet odor

Or bosem {bo'-sem}; from the same as basam; fragrance; by implication, spicery; also the balsam plant -- smell, spice, sweet (odour).

see HEBREW basam

NAS Exhaustive Concordance

Word Origin
from an unused word
Definition
spice, balsam, the balsam tree
NASB Translation
balsam (3), fragrant (2), spice (2), spices (22), sweet perfume (1).

Brown-Driver-Briggs

בּ֫שֶֹׂם noun masculine^{1Kings 10:10} spice, balsam, balsam-tree (Arabic , Aramaic בּוּסְמָא, , Greek βάλσαμον; compare Löw⁵³) — ׳ב Isaiah 3:24 +, בֶּ֫שֶׂם Exodus 30:23 see below, בְּשָׂמִי Songs 5:1 (as if from בָּשָׂם); plural בְּשָׂמִים Exodus 25:6 18t., בְּשָׂמָיו Songs 4:16; — 1 spice, perfume, sweet odour Isaiah 3:24; קִנְּמָןבֶּֿשֶׂם Exodus 30:23 (׳ב perhaps so pointed to distinguish it from) קְנֵהבֿשֶֹׁם Exodus 30:23; — with this compare Aramaic , קני בוסמא — spices as costly, token of wealth 2 Kings 20:13 = Isaiah 39:9 compare 2 Chronicles 32:27; royal gifts 1 Kings 10:2,10,25 2Chron 9:1; 9:19; 9:24; compare singular 1 Kings 10:10 2Chronicles 9:9; as article of commerce Ezekiel 27:22; burnt at burial 2Chronicles 16:14; appointed for ingredient of the anointing oil Exodus 25:6; Exodus 35:8 compare Exodus 35:28 (all P), compare 1 Chronicles 9:30 (Palmyrene see above); stored in temple 1 Chronicles 9:29; used for purifying the women of Ahasuerus Esther 2:12; elsewhere only Songs 4:10,14 spices, Songs 4:16 balsam-juice, gathered Songs 5:1; balsam-tree ׳הָרֵי ב Songs 8:14; beds of balsam ׳עֲרֻגוֺת בּ Songs 6:2; compare ׳עֲרֻוּגַת בּ Songs 5:13 simile of lover's cheeks.

Topical Lexicon

Word Origin: Derived from an unused root meaning to be fragrant.

Corresponding Greek / Hebrew Entries: • G759 (ἀρχιτρίκλινος, architriklinos): While not directly related to fragrance, this term refers to the master of a banquet, where aromatic oils and spices might be used.
• G2004 (ἐπιτίθημι, epitithēmi): Meaning to lay upon or apply, this term can relate to the application of fragrant oils or spices.
• G2368 (θύος, thuo): Refers to incense, a substance that produces fragrance when burned, closely related to the concept of בֶּשֶׂם.
• G3464 (μύρον, myron): Meaning ointment or perfume, this term directly correlates with the use of fragrant substances.
• G3744 (ὀσμή, osmē): Refers to smell or odor, encompassing both pleasant and unpleasant scents, akin to the concept of fragrance in בֶּשֶׂם.

Usage: The term בֶּשֶׂם (besem) is used in the Hebrew Bible to refer to aromatic substances, often associated with spices, perfumes, and the balsam plant. It is indicative of pleasant scents and is frequently mentioned in contexts related to anointing, offerings, and the preparation of sacred or luxurious items.

Context: The Hebrew word בֶּשֶׂם (besem) appears in various contexts throughout the Old Testament, often highlighting the cultural and religious significance of fragrances and spices in ancient Israelite society. In Exodus 30:23, בֶּשֶׂם is part of the recipe for the sacred anointing oil, underscoring its importance in religious rituals. The use of fragrant spices was integral to worship practices, symbolizing purity and divine presence.

In Song of Solomon 4:14, בֶּשֶׂם is used poetically to describe the beloved's garden, filled with exotic and aromatic plants, illustrating the beauty and desirability of the beloved. The term also appears in Isaiah 3:24, contrasting the pleasant aroma of spices with the stench of decay, symbolizing the downfall of Jerusalem's pride.

The balsam plant, associated with בֶּשֶׂם, was highly valued in the ancient Near East for its aromatic resin, used in perfumes and medicinal preparations. The significance of בֶּשֶׂם in the biblical text reflects the broader cultural appreciation for fragrances, which were considered luxurious and were often used in trade and as gifts.

Forms and Transliterations

בְּשָׂמִ֔י בְּשָׂמִ֣ים בְּשָׂמִ֧ים בְּשָׂמִֽים׃ בְּשָׂמִים֙ בְשָׂמִֽים׃ בְשָׂמָ֑יו בֶּ֥שֶׂם בַּבְּשָׂמִ֔ים בֹ֖שֶׂם בֹּ֜שֶׂם בבשמים בשם בשמי בשמיו בשמים בשמים׃ הַבְּשָׂמִ֜ים הַבֹּ֑שֶׂם הַבֹּ֔שֶׂם הַבֹּ֖שֶׂם הבשם הבשמים וְהַבְּשָׂמִֽים׃ וְלִבְשָׂמִים֙ וּבְשָׂמִ֔ים וּבְשָׂמִ֛ים וּבְשָׂמִים֙ ובשמים והבשמים׃ ולבשמים כַּבֹּ֣שֶׂם כַבֹּ֨שֶׂם כבשם לַבְּשָׂמִֽים׃ לבשמים׃ bab·bə·śā·mîm babbesaMim babbəśāmîm ḇə·śā·māw bə·śā·mî bə·śā·mîm ḇə·śā·mîm be·śem ḇəśāmāw besaMi bəśāmî besaMim bəśāmîm ḇəśāmîm Besem beśem bō·śem ḇō·śem Bosem bōśem ḇōśem chabBosem hab·bə·śā·mîm hab·bō·śem habbesaMim habbəśāmîm habBosem habbōśem kab·bō·śem ḵab·bō·śem kabBosem kabbōśem ḵabbōśem lab·bə·śā·mîm labbesaMim labbəśāmîm ū·ḇə·śā·mîm ūḇəśāmîm uvesaMim vehabbesaMim velivsaMim vesaMav vesaMim Vosem wə·hab·bə·śā·mîm wə·liḇ·śā·mîm wəhabbəśāmîm wəliḇśāmîm

Englishman's Concordance

Exodus 25:6
HEB: שֶׁ֖מֶן לַמָּאֹ֑ר בְּשָׂמִים֙ לְשֶׁ֣מֶן הַמִּשְׁחָ֔ה
NAS: for lighting, spices for the anointing
KJV: for the light, spices for anointing
INT: oil lighting spices oil the anointing

Exodus 30:23
HEB: קַח־ לְךָ֮ בְּשָׂמִ֣ים רֹאשׁ֒ מָר־
NAS: also for yourself the finest of spices: of flowing
KJV: thou also unto thee principal spices, of pure
INT: you Take of spices the finest myrrh

Exodus 30:23
HEB: מֵא֔וֹת וְקִנְּמָן־ בֶּ֥שֶׂם מַחֲצִית֖וֹ חֲמִשִּׁ֣ים
NAS: hundred [shekels], and of fragrant cinnamon
KJV: hundred [shekels], and of sweet cinnamon
INT: hundred cinnamon fragrant half and fifty

Exodus 30:23
HEB: וּמָאתָ֑יִם וּקְנֵה־ בֹ֖שֶׂם חֲמִשִּׁ֥ים וּמָאתָֽיִם׃
NAS: and fifty, and of fragrant cane
KJV: and fifty [shekels], and of sweet calamus
INT: hundred cane fragrant and fifty hundred

Exodus 35:8
HEB: וְשֶׁ֖מֶן לַמָּא֑וֹר וּבְשָׂמִים֙ לְשֶׁ֣מֶן הַמִּשְׁחָ֔ה
NAS: for lighting, and spices for the anointing
KJV: for the light, and spices for anointing
INT: and oil lighting and spices oil the anointing

Exodus 35:28
HEB: וְאֶת־ הַבֹּ֖שֶׂם וְאֶת־ הַשָּׁ֑מֶן
NAS: and the spice and the oil
KJV: And spice, and oil for the light,
INT: and the spice and the oil the light

1 Kings 10:2
HEB: גְּ֠מַלִּים נֹשְׂאִ֨ים בְּשָׂמִ֧ים וְזָהָ֛ב רַב־
NAS: carrying spices and very
KJV: that bare spices, and very
INT: camels carrying spices gold much

1 Kings 10:10
HEB: כִּכַּ֣ר זָהָ֗ב וּבְשָׂמִ֛ים הַרְבֵּ֥ה מְאֹ֖ד
NAS: great [amount] of spices and precious
KJV: of gold, and of spices very
INT: talents of gold spices great very

1 Kings 10:10
HEB: לֹא־ בָא֩ כַבֹּ֨שֶׂם הַה֥וּא עוֹד֙
NAS: abundance of spices come
KJV: abundance of spices as these which the queen
INT: Never come of spices such again

1 Kings 10:25
HEB: וּשְׂלָמוֹת֙ וְנֵ֣שֶׁק וּבְשָׂמִ֔ים סוּסִ֖ים וּפְרָדִ֑ים
NAS: weapons, spices, horses,
KJV: and armour, and spices, horses,
INT: garments weapons spices horses and mules

2 Kings 20:13
HEB: הַזָּהָ֨ב וְאֶת־ הַבְּשָׂמִ֜ים וְאֵ֣ת ׀ שֶׁ֣מֶן
NAS: and the gold and the spices and the precious
KJV: and the gold, and the spices, and the precious
INT: the silver and the gold and the spices oil and the precious

1 Chronicles 9:29
HEB: וְהַשֶּׁ֔מֶן וְהַלְּבוֹנָ֖ה וְהַבְּשָׂמִֽים׃
NAS: and the frankincense and the spices.
KJV: and the frankincense, and the spices.
INT: and the oil and the frankincense and the spices

1 Chronicles 9:30
HEB: רֹקְחֵ֥י הַמִּרְקַ֖חַת לַבְּשָׂמִֽים׃
NAS: prepared the mixing of the spices.
KJV: made the ointment of the spices.
INT: prepared the mixing of the spices

2 Chronicles 9:1
HEB: וּ֠גְמַלִּים נֹשְׂאִ֨ים בְּשָׂמִ֧ים וְזָהָ֛ב לָרֹ֖ב
NAS: carrying spices and a large amount
KJV: that bare spices, and gold
INT: camels carrying spices of gold large

2 Chronicles 9:9
HEB: כִּכַּ֣ר זָהָ֗ב וּבְשָׂמִ֛ים לָרֹ֥ב מְאֹ֖ד
NAS: great [amount of] spices and precious
KJV: of gold, and of spices great
INT: talents of gold spices great very

2 Chronicles 9:9
HEB: וְלֹ֤א הָיָה֙ כַּבֹּ֣שֶׂם הַה֔וּא אֲשֶׁר־
NAS: been spice like that which
KJV: stones: neither was there any such spice as the queen
INT: never had spice that which

2 Chronicles 9:24
HEB: וּשְׂלָמוֹת֙ נֵ֣שֶׁק וּבְשָׂמִ֔ים סוּסִ֖ים וּפְרָדִ֑ים
NAS: weapons, spices, horses
KJV: harness, and spices, horses,
INT: garments weapons spices horses and mules

2 Chronicles 16:14
HEB: אֲשֶׁ֤ר מִלֵּא֙ בְּשָׂמִ֣ים וּזְנִ֔ים מְרֻקָּחִ֖ים
NAS: he had filled with spices of various kinds
KJV: which was filled with sweet odours and divers kinds
INT: which had filled spices kinds the apothecaries'

2 Chronicles 32:27
HEB: וּלְאֶ֣בֶן יְקָרָ֗ה וְלִבְשָׂמִים֙ וּלְמָ֣גִנִּ֔ים וּלְכֹ֖ל
NAS: stones, spices, shields
KJV: stones, and for spices, and for shields,
INT: stones precious spices shields and all

Esther 2:12
HEB: וְשִׁשָּׁ֤ה חֳדָשִׁים֙ בַּבְּשָׂמִ֔ים וּבְתַמְרוּקֵ֖י הַנָּשִֽׁים׃
NAS: months with spices and the cosmetics
KJV: months with sweet odours, and with [other] things for the purifying
INT: and six months spices and the cosmetics women

Songs 4:10
HEB: שְׁמָנַ֖יִךְ מִכָּל־ בְּשָׂמִֽים׃
NAS: Than all [kinds] of spices!
KJV: of thine ointments than all spices!
INT: of your oils all spices

Songs 4:14
HEB: כָּל־ רָאשֵׁ֥י בְשָׂמִֽים׃
NAS: with all the finest spices.
KJV: and aloes, with all the chief spices:
INT: all the finest spices

Songs 4:16
HEB: גַנִּ֖י יִזְּל֣וּ בְשָׂמָ֑יו יָבֹ֤א דוֹדִי֙
NAS: breathe out [fragrance], Let its spices be wafted
KJV: upon my garden, [that] the spices thereof may flow out.
INT: my garden be wafted spices come may my beloved

Songs 5:1
HEB: מוֹרִי֙ עִם־ בְּשָׂמִ֔י אָכַ֤לְתִּי יַעְרִי֙
NAS: along with my balsam. I have eaten
INT: my myrrh along my balsam have eaten my honeycomb

Songs 5:13
HEB: לְחָיָו֙ כַּעֲרוּגַ֣ת הַבֹּ֔שֶׂם מִגְדְּל֖וֹת מֶרְקָחִ֑ים
NAS: are like a bed of balsam, Banks
KJV: [are] as a bed of spices, [as] sweet
INT: his cheeks A bed of balsam Banks of sweet-scented

30 Occurrences

Strong's Hebrew 1314
30 Occurrences

bab·bə·śā·mîm — 1 Occ.
bə·śā·mî — 1 Occ.
bə·śā·mîm — 6 Occ.
be·śem — 1 Occ.
bō·śem — 2 Occ.
ḵab·bō·śem — 1 Occ.
hab·bə·śā·mîm — 2 Occ.
hab·bō·śem — 3 Occ.
kab·bō·śem — 1 Occ.
lab·bə·śā·mîm — 1 Occ.
ū·ḇə·śā·mîm — 5 Occ.
wə·hab·bə·śā·mîm — 1 Occ.
wə·liḇ·śā·mîm — 1 Occ.
ḇə·śā·māw — 1 Occ.
ḇə·śā·mîm — 2 Occ.
ḇō·śem — 1 Occ.