Lexical Summary Iyyob: Job Original Word: אִיּוֹב Strong's Exhaustive Concordance Job From 'ayab; hated (i.e. Persecuted); Ijob, the patriarch famous for his patience -- Job. see HEBREW 'ayab NAS Exhaustive Concordance Word Originof uncertain derivation Definition a patriarch NASB Translation Job (56), Job's (2). Brown-Driver-Briggs אִיּוֺב proper name, masculine Job (meaning unknown; Thes √ איב; object of enmity, compare for passive sense יִלּוֺד; Ew compare Arabic  he who turns (to God); but compare Di on Ezekiel 1:1; all dubious compare LagBN 90) Job 1:1,5 (3 t. in verse); Job 1:8,9,14 48t. Job; Ezekiel 14:14,20. אֵיד, אֵד see אוּד. אַיָּה see III. אוה, below אוֺי. אַיֵּה see אַי. אִיִּים see III. אוה. אֵיךְ, אֵיכָה, אֵיכָכָה see ib. אַיִל, אַיָּל, אַיָּלָה, אַיָּלוֺן, אֵילוֺן, אֵילָם, אֵילִם, אֵילַת, אֵילוֺת etc. see אול. Topical Lexicon Overview Job (Hebrew אִיּוֹב, ’Īyōḇ) stands as the central figure of the wisdom book that bears his name and is referenced approximately fifty-eight times in the Old Testament. His narrative explores the mystery of undeserved suffering under the absolute sovereignty of God and displays the perseverance of faith that triumphs over accusation, confusion, and loss. Historical Setting and Authorship The events appear to take place in the patriarchal period: Job’s wealth is measured in livestock (Job 1:3), his lifespan is unusually long (Job 42:16), and there is no reference to Israel’s covenant institutions. He lives “in the land of Uz” (Job 1:1), a region likely east or southeast of the Jordan, bordering Edom (Lamentations 4:21). While the composition date of the book is debated, Scripture treats Job as a real historical person; Ezekiel cites him alongside Noah and Daniel as examples of exceptional righteousness (Ezekiel 14:14, 20). Occurrences Across Scripture 1. Book of Job (56 uses): from “Job” (Job 1:1) to “the death of Job” (Job 42:17). (Only these two passages outside the book itself employ the Hebrew form אִיּוֹב.) Character Profile • Upright and blameless (Job 1:1). Key Passages • Job 1:21 – “The LORD gave and the LORD has taken away. Blessed be the name of the LORD.” Theological Themes and Doctrinal Significance 1. The Sovereignty of God: Satan operates only under divine permission (Job 1:12; 2:6). Job in Later Biblical Reflection • Ezekiel 14 highlights Job’s righteousness as exemplary yet insufficient to halt corporate judgment, underscoring personal responsibility. Lessons for Ministry and Discipleship 1. Pastoral Theology of Suffering: Job equips shepherds to walk with sufferers without simplistic explanations. Messianic Foreshadowing Job’s cry for a kinsman-redeemer and mediator prefigures the incarnation and atonement of Christ—the ultimate answer to the suffering of the righteous and the vindication of God’s justice. Summary Job exemplifies steadfast faith amid unexplained affliction. His testimony affirms divine sovereignty, exposes human inadequacy, and points forward to redemptive hope fulfilled in the risen Redeemer. Forms and Transliterations אִ֭יּוֹב אִיּ֑וֹב אִיּ֔וֹב אִיּ֖וֹב אִיּ֗וֹב אִיּ֣וֹב אִיּ֥וֹב אִיּֽוֹב׃ אִיּוֹב֒ אִיּוֹב֙ איוב איוב׃ בְּ֭אִיּוֹב באיוב וְ֭אִיּוֹב וְאִיּ֑וֹב וְאִיּ֣וֹב וְאִיּוֹב֮ ואיוב כְּאִיּ֑וֹב כאיוב לְאִיּ֖וֹב לְאִיּ֣וֹב לאיוב ’î·yō·wḇ ’îyōwḇ bə’îyōwḇ bə·’î·yō·wḇ Beiyov iYov kə’îyōwḇ kə·’î·yō·wḇ keiYov lə’îyōwḇ lə·’î·yō·wḇ leiYov Veiyov wə’îyōwḇ wə·’î·yō·wḇLinks Interlinear Greek • Interlinear Hebrew • Strong's Numbers • Englishman's Greek Concordance • Englishman's Hebrew Concordance • Parallel TextsEnglishman's Concordance Job 1:1 HEB: בְאֶֽרֶץ־ ע֖וּץ אִיּ֣וֹב שְׁמ֑וֹ וְהָיָ֣ה ׀ NAS: whose name was Job; and that man KJV: whose name [was] Job; and that man INT: the land of Uz was Job name become Job 1:5 Job 1:5 Job 1:5 Job 1:8 Job 1:9 Job 1:14 Job 1:20 Job 1:22 Job 2:3 Job 2:7 Job 2:10 Job 2:11 Job 3:1 Job 3:2 Job 6:1 Job 9:1 Job 12:1 Job 16:1 Job 19:1 Job 21:1 Job 23:1 Job 26:1 Job 27:1 Job 29:1 58 Occurrences |
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