Strong's Lexicon I אֲנִ֜י (’ă·nî) Pronoun - first person common singular Strong's Hebrew 589: 1) I (first pers. sing. -usually used for emphasis) אֶת־ (’eṯ-) Direct object marker Strong's Hebrew 853: 1) sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative saw וְרָאִ֨יתִֽי (wə·rā·’î·ṯî) Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - first person common singular Strong's Hebrew 7200: 1) to see, look at, inspect, perceive, consider 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to see 1a2) to see, perceive 1a3) to see, have vision 1a4) to look at, see, regard, look after, see after, learn about, observe, watch, look upon, look out, find out 1a5) to see, observe, consider, look at, give attention to, discern, distinguish 1a6) to look at, gaze at 1b) (Niphal) 1b1) to appear, present oneself 1b2) to be seen 1b3) to be visible 1c) (Pual) to be seen 1d) (Hiphil) 1d1) to cause to see, show 1d2) to cause to look intently at, behold, cause to gaze at 1e) (Hophal) 1e1) to be caused to see, be shown 1e2) to be exhibited to 1f) (Hithpael) to look at each other, face that all כָּל־ (kāl-) Noun - masculine singular construct Strong's Hebrew 3605: 1) all, the whole 1a) all, the whole of 1b) any, each, every, anything 1c) totality, everything labor עָמָ֗ל (‘ā·māl) Noun - masculine singular Strong's Hebrew 5999: 1) toil, trouble, labour 1a) trouble 1b) trouble, mischief 1c) toil, labour and וְאֵת֙ (wə·’êṯ) Conjunctive waw | Direct object marker Strong's Hebrew 853: 1) sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative success כִּשְׁר֣וֹן (kiš·rō·wn) Noun - masculine singular construct Strong's Hebrew 3788: 1) success, skill, profit 1a) skill 1b) success, profit הַֽמַּעֲשֶׂ֔ה (ham·ma·‘ă·śeh) Article | Noun - masculine singular Strong's Hebrew 4639: 1) deed, work 1a) deed, thing done, act 1b) work, labour 1c) business, pursuit 1d) undertaking, enterprise 1e) achievement 1f) deeds, works (of deliverance and judgment) 1g) work, thing made 1h) work (of God) 1i) product spring from כִּ֛י (kî) Conjunction Strong's Hebrew 3588: 1) that, for, because, when, as though, as, because that, but, then, certainly, except, surely, since 1a) that 1a1) yea, indeed 1b) when (of time) 1b1) when, if, though (with a concessive force) 1c) because, since (causal connection) 1d) but (after negative) 1e) that if, for if, indeed if, for though, but if 1f) but rather, but 1g) except that 1h) only, nevertheless 1i) surely 1j) that is 1k) but if 1l) for though 1m) forasmuch as, for therefore הִ֥יא (hî) Pronoun - third person feminine singular Strong's Hebrew 1931: pron 3p s 1) he, she, it 1a) himself (with emphasis) 1b) resuming subj with emphasis 1c) (with minimum emphasis following predicate) 1d) (anticipating subj) 1e) (emphasising predicate) 1f) that, it (neuter) demons pron 2) that (with article) a man’s אִ֖ישׁ (’îš) Noun - masculine singular Strong's Hebrew 376: 1) man 1a) man, male (in contrast to woman, female) 1b) husband 1c) human being, person (in contrast to God) 1d) servant 1e) mankind 1f) champion 1g) great man 2) whosoever 3) each (adjective) envy קִנְאַת־ (qin·’aṯ-) Noun - feminine singular construct Strong's Hebrew 7068: 1) ardour, zeal, jealousy 1a) ardour, jealousy, jealous disposition (of husband) 1a1) sexual passion 1b) ardour of zeal (of religious zeal) 1b1) of men for God 1b2) of men for the house of God 1b3) of God for his people 1c) ardour of anger 1c1) of men against adversaries 1c2) of God against men 1d) envy (of man) 1e) jealousy (resulting in the wrath of God) of his neighbor. מֵרֵעֵ֑הוּ (mê·rê·‘ê·hū) Preposition-m | Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular Strong's Hebrew 7453: 1) friend, companion, fellow, another person 1a) friend, intimate 1b) fellow, fellow-citizen, another person (weaker sense) 1c) other, another (reciprocal phrase) This זֶ֥ה (zeh) Pronoun - masculine singular Strong's Hebrew 2088: 1) this, this one, here, which, this...that, the one...the other, another, such 1a) (alone) 1a1) this one 1a2) this...that, the one...the other, another 1b) (appos to subst) 1b1) this 1c) (as predicate) 1c1) this, such 1d) (enclitically) 1d1) then 1d2) who, whom 1d3) how now, what now 1d4) what now 1d5) wherefore now 1d6) behold here 1d7) just now 1d8) now, now already 1e) (poetry) 1e1) wherein, which, those who 1f) (with prefixes) 1f1) in this (place) here, then 1f2) on these conditions, herewith, thus provided, by, through this, for this cause, in this matter 1f3) thus and thus 1f4) as follows, things such as these, accordingly, to that effect, in like manner, thus and thus 1f5) from here, hence, on one side...on the other side 1f6) on this account 1f7) in spite of this, which, whence, how too גַּם־ (gam-) Conjunction Strong's Hebrew 1571: 1) also, even, indeed, moreover, yea 1a) also, moreover (giving emphasis) 1b) neither, neither...nor (with negative) 1c) even (for stress) 1d) indeed, yea (introducing climax) 1e) also (of correspondence or retribution) 1f) but, yet, though (adversative) 1g) even, yea, yea though (with 'when' in hypothetical case) 2) (TWOT) again, alike is futile הֶ֖בֶל (he·ḇel) Noun - masculine singular Strong's Hebrew 1892: n m 1) vapour, breath 1a) breath, vapour 1b) vanity (fig.) adv 2) vainly and a pursuit וּרְע֥וּת (ū·rə·‘ūṯ) Conjunctive waw | Noun - feminine singular construct Strong's Hebrew 7469: 1) longing, striving of the wind. רֽוּחַ׃ (rū·aḥ) Noun - common singular Strong's Hebrew 7307: 1) wind, breath, mind, spirit 1a) breath 1b) wind 1b1) of heaven 1b2) quarter (of wind), side 1b3) breath of air 1b4) air, gas 1b5) vain, empty thing 1c) spirit (as that which breathes quickly in animation or agitation) 1c1) spirit, animation, vivacity, vigour 1c2) courage 1c3) temper, anger 1c4) impatience, patience 1c5) spirit, disposition (as troubled, bitter, discontented) 1c6) disposition (of various kinds), unaccountable or uncontrollable impulse 1c7) prophetic spirit 1d) spirit (of the living, breathing being in man and animals) 1d1) as gift, preserved by God, God's spirit, departing at death, disembodied being 1e) spirit (as seat of emotion) 1e1) desire 1e2) sorrow, trouble 1f) spirit 1f1) as seat or organ of mental acts 1f2) rarely of the will 1f3) as seat especially of moral character 1g) Spirit of God, the third person of the triune God, the Holy Spirit, coequal, coeternal with the Father and the Son 1g1) as inspiring ecstatic state of prophecy 1g2) as impelling prophet to utter instruction or warning 1g3) imparting warlike energy and executive and administrative power 1g4) as endowing men with various gifts 1g5) as energy of life 1g6) as manifest in the Shekinah glory 1g7) never referred to as a depersonalised force Parallel Strong's Berean Study BibleI saw that all labor and success spring from a man’s envy of his neighbor. This too is futile and a pursuit of the wind. Young's Literal Translation And I have seen all the labour, and all the benefit of the work, because for it a man is the envy of his neighbour. Even this [is] vanity and vexation of spirit. Holman Christian Standard Bible I saw that all labor and all skillful work is due to a man’s jealousy of his friend. This too is futile and a pursuit of the wind. New American Standard Bible I have seen that every labor and every skill which is done is [the result of] rivalry between a man and his neighbor. This too is vanity and striving after wind. King James Bible Again, I considered all travail, and every right work, that for this a man is envied of his neighbour. This [is] also vanity and vexation of spirit. Parallel Verses New International Version And I saw that all toil and all achievement spring from one person's envy of another. This too is meaningless, a chasing after the wind. New Living Translation Then I observed that most people are motivated to success because they envy their neighbors. But this, too, is meaningless--like chasing the wind. English Standard Version Then I saw that all toil and all skill in work come from a man’s envy of his neighbor. This also is vanity and a striving after wind. New American Standard Bible I have seen that every labor and every skill which is done is the result of rivalry between a man and his neighbor. This too is vanity and striving after wind. King James Bible Again, I considered all travail, and every right work, that for this a man is envied of his neighbour. This is also vanity and vexation of spirit. Holman Christian Standard Bible I saw that all labor and all skillful work is due to a man's jealousy of his friend. This too is futile and a pursuit of the wind. International Standard Version Then I examined all sorts of work, including all kinds of excellent achievements that create envy in others. This also is pointless and chasing after the wind. NET Bible Then I considered all the skillful work that is done: Surely it is nothing more than competition between one person and another. This also is profitless--like chasing the wind. American Standard Version Then I saw all labor and every skilful work, that for this a man is envied of his neighbor. This also is vanity and a striving after wind. English Revised Version Then I saw all labour and every skilful work, that for this a man is envied of his neighbour. This also is vanity and a striving after wind. Young's Literal Translation And I have seen all the labour, and all the benefit of the work, because for it a man is the envy of his neighbour. Even this is vanity and vexation of spirit. Cross References Ecclesiastes 1:14 I have seen all the works that are done under the sun; and, behold, all is vanity and vexation of spirit. Ecclesiastes 1:17 And I gave my heart to know wisdom, and to know madness and folly: I perceived that this also is vexation of spirit. Ecclesiastes 2:21 For there is a man whose labour is in wisdom, and in knowledge, and in equity; yet to a man that hath not laboured therein shall he leave it for his portion. This also is vanity and a great evil. Ecclesiastes 1:1 The words of the Preacher, the son of David, king in Jerusalem. Ecclesiastes 4:3 Yea, better is he than both they, which hath not yet been, who hath not seen the evil work that is done under the sun. Ecclesiastes 4:2 Wherefore I praised the dead which are already dead more than the living which are yet alive. Ecclesiastes 4:1 So I returned, and considered all the oppressions that are done under the sun: and behold the tears of such as were oppressed, and they had no comforter; and on the side of their oppressors there was power; but they had no comforter. Ecclesiastes 4:5 The fool foldeth his hands together, and eateth his own flesh. Ecclesiastes 4:6 Better is an handful with quietness, than both the hands full with travail and vexation of spirit. Ecclesiastes 4:7 Then I returned, and I saw vanity under the sun. 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