The concept of being named "priests of the LORD" is deeply rooted in the biblical narrative, reflecting a divine calling and a special status bestowed upon certain individuals or groups. This designation signifies a unique relationship with God, characterized by service, holiness, and intercession.

Old Testament Foundations

The role of priests in the Old Testament is primarily associated with the Levitical priesthood, established through Aaron and his descendants. The Book of Exodus outlines the consecration of Aaron and his sons as priests, tasked with ministering in the Tabernacle and later the Temple (Exodus 28-29). The priestly duties included offering sacrifices, maintaining the sanctuary, and teaching the Israelites God's laws.

However, the idea of a broader priesthood is introduced in Exodus 19:6, where God declares to the Israelites, "And unto Me you shall be a kingdom of priests and a holy nation." This verse suggests that the entire nation of Israel was called to embody priestly qualities, serving as a mediator between God and the nations.

Prophetic Vision

The prophetic literature expands on this theme, envisioning a future where God's people are universally recognized as priests. Isaiah 61:6 proclaims, "But you will be called the priests of the LORD; they will speak of you as ministers of our God." This passage anticipates a time when the distinction between the Levitical priesthood and the laity would be transcended, and all of God's people would participate in priestly service.

New Testament Fulfillment

The New Testament reinterprets and fulfills the Old Testament priesthood through the person and work of Jesus Christ. As the ultimate High Priest, Jesus offers the perfect sacrifice for sin, rendering the Levitical system obsolete (Hebrews 7-10). Through His atoning work, believers are granted direct access to God, embodying the priestly role in a spiritual sense.

1 Peter 2:9 affirms this new identity for Christians: "But you are a chosen people, a royal priesthood, a holy nation, a people for God’s own possession, to proclaim the virtues of Him who called you out of darkness into His marvelous light." This verse echoes the language of Exodus 19:6, applying it to the Church and emphasizing the priestly calling of all believers.

Priestly Functions of Believers

As priests of the LORD, Christians are called to various functions that reflect their sacred status. These include:

1. Worship and Sacrifice: Believers offer spiritual sacrifices, such as praise, thanksgiving, and acts of service (Hebrews 13:15-16). Their lives are to be living sacrifices, holy and pleasing to God (Romans 12:1).

2. Intercession: Christians are encouraged to pray for others, acting as intercessors before God (1 Timothy 2:1-2). This priestly role involves advocating for the needs of the world and seeking God's will.

3. Proclamation: As a royal priesthood, believers are tasked with proclaiming the Gospel and bearing witness to God's truth (1 Peter 2:9). This involves both verbal testimony and living out the values of the Kingdom.

4. Mediation: While Christ is the ultimate mediator, believers participate in His mediatory work by reconciling others to God through the message of reconciliation (2 Corinthians 5:18-20).

Eschatological Hope

The Book of Revelation envisions the ultimate fulfillment of the priestly calling in the eschaton. Revelation 1:6 and 5:10 describe believers as a kingdom and priests to serve God, reigning with Christ. This future reality underscores the eternal significance of being named priests of the LORD, as God's people will continue to serve and worship Him in the new creation.