David's arrival marks a significant turning point in the biblical narrative, particularly in the history of Israel. His introduction is found in the books of 1 Samuel and 2 Samuel, where he emerges as a central figure in God's unfolding plan for His people.

Anointing by Samuel

David's journey begins with his anointing by the prophet Samuel. God instructs Samuel to visit the house of Jesse in Bethlehem to anoint the next king of Israel, as Saul has been rejected by God due to his disobedience. In 1 Samuel 16:12-13 , it is recorded: "So Jesse sent for him. He was ruddy, with a fine appearance and handsome features. Then the LORD said, 'Rise and anoint him, for he is the one.' So Samuel took the horn of oil and anointed him in the presence of his brothers, and the Spirit of the LORD rushed upon David from that day forward."

Service in Saul's Court

Following his anointing, David enters the service of King Saul. His musical talent becomes known, and he is brought to the court to play the harp and soothe Saul's troubled spirit. This period is crucial as it introduces David to the royal court and the dynamics of leadership, as seen in 1 Samuel 16:21-23 : "When David came to Saul and entered his service, Saul admired him greatly, and David became his armor-bearer. Then Saul sent word to Jesse, saying, 'Let David remain in my service, for I am pleased with him.' And whenever the spirit from God came upon Saul, David would pick up his harp and play, and Saul would be relieved and feel better, and the evil spirit would depart from him."

Victory over Goliath

David's arrival on the national stage is solidified with his victory over Goliath, the Philistine giant. This event is a testament to his faith and courage, as well as God's favor upon him. In 1 Samuel 17:45-47 , David declares to Goliath: "David said to the Philistine, 'You come against me with sword and spear and javelin, but I come against you in the name of the LORD of Hosts, the God of the armies of Israel, whom you have defied. This day the LORD will deliver you into my hand, and I will strike you down and cut off your head. Today I will give the carcasses of the Philistine camp to the birds of the air and the creatures of the earth. Then the whole world will know that there is a God in Israel.'"

Rise to Prominence

David's victory over Goliath leads to his rise in prominence and popularity among the Israelites. He becomes a successful military leader, earning the admiration of the people and the jealousy of Saul. This period is marked by Saul's increasing hostility towards David, leading to David's eventual flight and life as a fugitive.

Covenant with Jonathan

During this tumultuous time, David forms a deep and covenantal friendship with Jonathan, Saul's son. This relationship is characterized by loyalty and mutual respect, as seen in 1 Samuel 18:3-4 : "Then Jonathan made a covenant with David because he loved him as himself. Jonathan stripped himself of the robe he was wearing and gave it to David, along with his tunic, his sword, his bow, and his belt."

David's Leadership and Kingship

David's arrival as king is marked by his anointing over Judah and later over all Israel, following the death of Saul. His reign is characterized by military conquests, the establishment of Jerusalem as the capital, and the bringing of the Ark of the Covenant to the city. David's leadership is seen as a fulfillment of God's promise and a foreshadowing of the Messianic King, as God establishes a covenant with him, promising that his throne will be established forever (2 Samuel 7:16): "Your house and kingdom will endure forever before Me, and your throne will be established forever."

David's arrival and subsequent reign are pivotal in the biblical narrative, illustrating themes of divine election, covenant, and the unfolding of God's redemptive plan through His chosen servant.