In biblical terms, "epochs" refer to distinct periods or ages within the divine timeline, marked by significant events or shifts in God's dealings with humanity. These epochs are often characterized by covenants, divine interventions, and prophetic fulfillments that shape the narrative of Scripture.

Creation Epoch

The first epoch begins with the creation of the world, as described in Genesis 1-2. God creates the heavens and the earth, culminating in the creation of humanity in His own image. This epoch establishes the foundational relationship between God and His creation, highlighting themes of order, purpose, and divine sovereignty.

Patriarchal Epoch

The patriarchal epoch is marked by God's covenant with Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. Genesis 12:1-3 records God's call to Abram: "Go from your country, your people and your father's household to the land I will show you. I will make you into a great nation, and I will bless you." This epoch emphasizes faith, promise, and the establishment of a chosen people through whom all nations would be blessed.

Mosaic Epoch

The Mosaic epoch is defined by the giving of the Law at Mount Sinai and the establishment of Israel as a nation under God's covenant. Exodus 19:5-6 states, "Now if you will indeed obey My voice and keep My covenant, you will be My treasured possession out of all the nations—for the whole earth is Mine." This period underscores themes of law, holiness, and the sacrificial system as means of maintaining a relationship with God.

Monarchical Epoch

The monarchical epoch begins with the anointing of Saul as the first king of Israel, followed by David and Solomon. This period is characterized by the establishment of the Davidic covenant, as recorded in 2 Samuel 7:12-16, where God promises David that his throne will be established forever. This epoch highlights themes of kingship, covenant faithfulness, and the anticipation of a Messianic King.

Prophetic Epoch

The prophetic epoch is marked by the ministry of the prophets, who call Israel back to covenant faithfulness and foretell the coming of the Messiah. Isaiah 9:6-7 proclaims, "For unto us a child is born, unto us a son is given, and the government will be upon His shoulders." This epoch emphasizes repentance, hope, and the promise of redemption.

Messianic Epoch

The Messianic epoch is inaugurated by the birth, life, death, and resurrection of Jesus Christ. In Galatians 4:4-5, Paul writes, "But when the fullness of time had come, God sent His Son, born of a woman, born under the law, to redeem those under the law, that we might receive adoption as sons." This epoch fulfills the promises of the previous ages and establishes the New Covenant, characterized by grace, salvation, and the indwelling of the Holy Spirit.

Church Epoch

The church epoch begins with the outpouring of the Holy Spirit at Pentecost, as recorded in Acts 2. This period is marked by the spread of the Gospel to all nations and the formation of the body of Christ, the Church. Ephesians 3:10-11 states, "His intent was that now, through the church, the manifold wisdom of God should be made known to the rulers and authorities in the heavenly realms, according to His eternal purpose that He accomplished in Christ Jesus our Lord." This epoch emphasizes mission, community, and the anticipation of Christ's return.

Eschatological Epoch

The eschatological epoch refers to the future consummation of God's redemptive plan, as foretold in the book of Revelation. Revelation 21:1-4 describes the new heaven and new earth, where God will dwell with His people, and "He will wipe away every tear from their eyes." This epoch is characterized by judgment, restoration, and the eternal reign of God.

Throughout these epochs, the Bible reveals a coherent narrative of God's sovereign plan, His covenantal faithfulness, and His ultimate purpose to redeem and restore creation through Jesus Christ.2540. kairos -- time, season
... word Definition time, season NASB Word Usage age (1), epochs (2), occasion (1),
opportune time (1), opportunity (3), proper time (5), right time (1), season (1 ...
//strongsnumbers.com/greek2/2540.htm - 7k2166. zeman -- time
... Word Origin (Aramaic) corresponding to zeman Definition time NASB Word Usage appointed
period (1), epochs (1), time (6), times (3). season, time. ...
/hebrew/2166.htm - 6k

Epochs of Greek Ecclesiastical Poetry
... EPOCHS OF GREEK ECCLESIASTICAL POETRY. Like that of the Latin, the Poetry
of the Greek Church may be divided into three epochs:" ...
/.../neale/hymns of the eastern church/epochs of greek ecclesiastical poetry.htm

Leading Chronological Epochs.
... Chapter XXVIII."Leading Chronological Epochs. And from the foundation of the world
the whole time is thus traced, so far as its main epochs are concerned. ...
/.../theophilus to autolycus/chapter xxviii leading chronological epochs.htm

The Laws of Grace, which Extend to all the Epochs of the Life of ...
... Book XXI. Chapter 16."The Laws of Grace, Which Extend to All the Epochs
of the Life of the Regenerate. But such is God's mercy ...
//christianbookshelf.org/augustine/city of god/chapter 16 the laws of grace.htm

The Waves of Time
... Now, by the phrase here the writer does not merely mean the succession of moments,
but he wishes to emphasise the view that these are epochs, sections of 'time ...
/.../maclaren/expositions of holy scripture g/the waves of time.htm

Periods of Church History.
... But it still imposes on the history a forced and mechanical arrangement; for the
salient points or epochs very seldom coincide with the limits of our centuries ...
/.../schaff/history of the christian church volume i/section 4 periods of church.htm

Theophilus.
... Roman, to death of Aurelius, 119. leading epochs, 120. Creation, 97, 98. ... contrasted
with Scripture accuracy, 117. Epochs, the leading chronological, 120. ...
/.../clement/who is the rich man that shall be saved/theophilus.htm

The Feeblest Essay in the Volume is the First. ...
... man's life. The discoveries and inventions which characterize the different
epochs of the world's history are his works. The creeds ...
/.../burgon/inspiration and interpretation/i the feeblest essay in.htm

The Spirit and Power of Elias.
... Similarly, we believe that there have been great epochs in human history, which
cannot be accounted for by the previous evolution of moral and religious thought ...
//christianbookshelf.org/meyer/john the baptist/xvii the spirit and power.htm

The Announcement to the Shepherds.
... It is in accordance with the analogy of history that great manifestations and epochs,
designed to satisfy the spiritual wants of ages, should be anticipated by ...
/.../section 16 the announcement to.htm

Simeon's Prophetic Discourse.
... fight against it. Salvation and doom are correlative ideas; all world-historical
epochs are epochs of condemnation. [51] The accurate ...
/.../section 18 simeons prophetic discourse.htm

Epochs (3 Occurrences)
...Epochs (3 Occurrences). Acts 1:7 "It is not for you," He replied, "to know times
or epochs which the Father has reserved within His own authority; (WEY NAS). ...
/e/epochs.htm - 7k

Judaeus
... legendary. 2. Importance of the Period: The period covered by his career coincides
with one of the most momentous epochs in history. For ...
/j/judaeus.htm - 29k

Reserved (28 Occurrences)
... Acts 1:7 "It is not for you," He replied, "to know times or epochs which
the Father has reserved within His own authority; (WEY). ...
/r/reserved.htm - 15k

Philo
... legendary. 2. Importance of the Period: The period covered by his career coincides
with one of the most momentous epochs in history. For ...
/p/philo.htm - 29k

Centurion (22 Occurrences)
... The number of centurions in a legion was 60, that being at all epochs the number
of centuries, although the number varied in the cohort or speira. ...
/c/centurion.htm - 16k

Jehoiakim (37 Occurrences)
... of Jehoiakim is not so significant for any personal impress of his upon his time
as for the fact that it fell in one of the most momentous epochs of ancient ...
/j/jehoiakim.htm - 33k

Hair (135 Occurrences)
... Hair Fashions: Hair was worn in different fashions by the Orientals of Biblical
times, and not always in the same way among the same people in different epochs...
/h/hair.htm - 60k

Exploration
... assist him was due to the chronological scale of styles of pottery which he had
originated earlier and worked out positively for the Greek epochs at Naukratis ...
/e/exploration.htm - 38k

Equal (70 Occurrences)

/e/equal.htm - 30k

Precious (128 Occurrences)
... different from each other and from that used in the preparation of English Versions
of the Bible, or (3) the breastplate differed at different epochs, or (4 ...
/p/precious.htm - 71k

What is the Church Age? Where does the Church Age fit in biblical history? | GotQuestions.org

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