Background:
Haman, a prominent figure in the Book of Esther, serves as the antagonist in the narrative. He is an Agagite and holds the position of prime minister under King Xerxes (Ahasuerus) of Persia. Haman's account is a classic tale of pride leading to downfall, illustrating the biblical principle that "pride goes before destruction, and a haughty spirit before a fall" (Proverbs 16:18).

Plot Against the Jews:
Haman's animosity towards the Jews, particularly Mordecai, a Jew who refused to bow to him, sets the stage for his eventual humiliation. In Esther 3:5-6 , it is recorded, "When Haman saw that Mordecai would not kneel or pay him homage, he was filled with rage. And when he learned the identity of Mordecai’s people, he scorned the idea of laying hands on Mordecai alone. Instead, he sought to destroy all the Jews, the people of Mordecai, throughout the kingdom of Xerxes."

The King's Favor:
Haman's plan to annihilate the Jews is thwarted by Queen Esther, who is herself a Jew and the cousin of Mordecai. Esther's bravery and strategic planning, along with divine providence, play a crucial role in turning the tide against Haman. Esther 5:2 notes, "As soon as the king saw Queen Esther standing in the court, she found favor in his sight."

The Turning Point:
The pivotal moment of Haman's humiliation occurs in Esther 6. The king, unable to sleep, reads the chronicles and discovers that Mordecai had previously saved his life from an assassination plot. Seeking to honor Mordecai, the king asks Haman, "What should be done for the man whom the king desires to honor?" (Esther 6:6). Assuming the king intends to honor him, Haman suggests a lavish public parade. To his shock, the king commands Haman to bestow this honor upon Mordecai, his enemy.

Public Humiliation:
Haman's humiliation is vividly depicted in Esther 6:11 : "So Haman took the robe and the horse, arrayed Mordecai, and led him on horseback through the city square, proclaiming before him, 'This is what is done for the man whom the king desires to honor!'"

Downfall and Execution:
Haman's downfall is completed at the second banquet hosted by Esther. She reveals Haman's plot to annihilate her people, leading to his exposure and condemnation. Esther 7:9-10 records, "Then Harbona, one of the eunuchs attending the king, said, 'Look, the gallows 50 cubits high stands by Haman’s house. He had it made for Mordecai, who spoke up to help the king.' The king said, 'Hang him on it!' So they hanged Haman on the gallows he had prepared for Mordecai."

Theological Implications:
Haman's account serves as a powerful reminder of God's sovereignty and justice. It underscores the biblical theme that God opposes the proud but gives grace to the humble (James 4:6). Haman's humiliation and ultimate demise illustrate the divine reversal often seen in Scripture, where the plans of the wicked are turned against them, and the righteous are vindicated.