Biblical Reference: The King's question to Haman is found in the Book of Esther, specifically in Esther 6:6-10.

Context: The Book of Esther is set during the reign of King Ahasuerus (commonly identified as Xerxes I) of Persia. The narrative unfolds in the Persian Empire, where the Jewish people are living in exile. Haman, an Agagite and a high-ranking official in the king's court, harbors a deep-seated animosity towards the Jews, particularly Mordecai, who refuses to bow to him. Haman devises a plot to annihilate the Jewish people throughout the empire.

The King's Question: The pivotal moment occurs when King Ahasuerus, unable to sleep, has the book of chronicles read to him. He discovers that Mordecai had previously uncovered a plot to assassinate the king, yet had not been rewarded for his loyalty. Seeking to rectify this oversight, the king asks Haman, who has just entered the court to seek permission to hang Mordecai, a question that would dramatically alter the course of events.

Scripture Quotation (Esther 6:6-10):
"So Haman came in, and the king asked him, 'What should be done for the man whom the king desires to honor?' Now Haman thought to himself, 'Whom would the king be delighted to honor more than me?' And Haman told the king, 'For the man whom the king desires to honor, have them bring a royal robe that the king has worn, and a horse on which the king has ridden, one with a royal crest placed on its head. Let the robe and the horse be entrusted to one of the king’s most noble princes. Let them clothe the man whom the king desires to honor, and let him ride on the horse through the city square, proclaiming before him, "This is what is done for the man whom the king desires to honor!"' 'Hurry,' said the king to Haman, 'and take the robe and the horse, just as you have suggested, and do so for Mordecai the Jew, who is sitting at the king’s gate. Do not neglect anything that you have recommended.'"

Analysis: The king's question to Haman is a turning point in the narrative of Esther. Haman's assumption that he is the intended recipient of the king's honor reveals his pride and self-centeredness. His elaborate suggestion for honoring the man reflects his own desires for recognition and prestige. However, the king's directive to honor Mordecai instead of Haman serves as a divine reversal of fortunes, highlighting the providential hand of God in protecting His people.

Theological Significance: This passage underscores the biblical theme of divine justice and the reversal of human plans. Haman's downfall begins with his own hubris and the king's unexpected command. The narrative illustrates the principle found in Proverbs 16:18, "Pride goes before destruction, and a haughty spirit before a fall." It also emphasizes God's sovereignty and His ability to use even the most unlikely circumstances to fulfill His purposes and protect His covenant people.

Historical and Cultural Insights: In the Persian Empire, royal honors were significant and publicly displayed to reinforce the king's favor and authority. The king's robe and horse were symbols of royal power and prestige. Haman's suggestion reflects the cultural importance of public recognition and the desire for status within the royal court.

Moral and Ethical Lessons: The account serves as a cautionary tale against pride and the dangers of self-exaltation. It encourages humility and trust in God's justice, reminding believers that God is ultimately in control and that He honors those who are faithful to Him, often in unexpected ways.