Besor is a brook mentioned in the Old Testament, specifically in the context of King David's exploits. It is located in the southern part of ancient Israel, near the region of Gaza. The brook is most notably referenced in 1 Samuel 30, where it plays a significant role in the narrative of David's pursuit of the Amalekites.

Biblical Context

In 1 Samuel 30, David and his men return to Ziklag to find it destroyed by the Amalekites, who had taken their families captive. Distressed and seeking guidance, David inquires of the LORD whether he should pursue the raiders. Receiving divine assurance of success, David sets out with his six hundred men. As they reach the brook Besor, two hundred of his men are too exhausted to continue the pursuit and remain behind. The text states:

"So David and his six hundred men went to the Brook Besor, where some stayed behind because they were too exhausted to cross the brook. David and four hundred men continued the pursuit." (1 Samuel 30:9-10)

The brook thus serves as a geographical marker and a point of division among David's forces. The two hundred men who stayed behind at Besor were later part of a significant decision by David regarding the distribution of the spoils recovered from the Amalekites. Upon his victorious return, some of the men who fought with David suggested that those who stayed behind should not share in the plunder. However, David declared:

"The share of the one who goes into battle will be the same as the share of the one who remains with the supplies. They will share alike." (1 Samuel 30:24)

This decision established a principle of equitable distribution and unity among the people of Israel, emphasizing the importance of every member's contribution, whether in direct combat or in support roles.

Geographical and Historical Significance

The brook Besor is situated in the Negev region, an arid area that would have been a challenging terrain for David and his men. Its location near Gaza places it within the broader context of the Philistine territories, which were often in conflict with Israel during the time of David. The brook's mention in the narrative underscores the logistical challenges faced by ancient armies, as well as the strategic considerations of pursuing enemies across difficult landscapes.

Theological Implications

The account of the brook Besor highlights several theological themes. First, it underscores the importance of seeking divine guidance in times of distress, as David did before pursuing the Amalekites. Second, it illustrates the principles of justice and fairness, as demonstrated by David's decision to share the spoils equally among all his men. This act of leadership reflects the biblical value of recognizing and honoring the contributions of all members of a community, regardless of their role.

In summary, the brook Besor serves as more than just a geographical feature in the biblical narrative; it is a backdrop for lessons in leadership, faith, and community solidarity.1 Samuel 30:9,10,21
So David went, he and the six hundred men that were with him, and came to the brook Besor, where those that were left behind stayed.
Nave's Topical Index

The Hebrews and the Philistines --Damascus
... from him so long as they respected Gaza and Ascalon. ... Deborah, nurse of Rachel, who
was buried near Bethel, under ... of Nobah proceeded as far as the brook of Kanah ...
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