Pau is a city mentioned in the genealogical records of the Edomite kings in the Old Testament. It is specifically noted in the context of the lineage of Esau, the brother of Jacob, who is also known as Israel. The city is referenced in the book of Genesis, which provides insight into the early history and governance of the Edomites, descendants of Esau.

Biblical Reference:

Pau is mentioned in Genesis 36:39, which states: "When Baal-hanan son of Achbor died, Hadad reigned in his place. The name of his city was Pau, and his wife’s name was Mehetabel daughter of Matred, the daughter of Me-zahab."

This passage is part of a larger genealogical account that lists the kings who reigned in Edom before any king reigned over the Israelites. The mention of Pau as the city of King Hadad highlights its significance as a royal city during this period.

Historical and Geographical Context:

Edom was a region located to the southeast of the Dead Sea, in what is now southern Jordan. It was characterized by its rugged terrain and strategic location along important trade routes. The Edomites were known for their interactions and conflicts with the Israelites, as well as their distinct cultural and political identity.

The city of Pau, while not extensively detailed in the biblical text, is understood to have been an important urban center within Edom. Its mention in the context of Edomite kingship suggests it held political and possibly economic significance.

Cultural and Theological Significance:

From a theological perspective, the mention of Pau and the Edomite kings in Genesis serves to underscore the fulfillment of God's promise to Abraham regarding his descendants. Esau, as a son of Isaac and grandson of Abraham, was part of this divine promise, and the establishment of Edomite kingship reflects God's providence over the nations descended from Abraham.

The genealogical records, including the mention of Pau, also serve to highlight the historical reality of the Edomites as a distinct people group with their own governance and cities. This contributes to the broader biblical narrative of the relationships and tensions between the Israelites and their neighboring nations.

Conclusion:

While Pau is not a focal point in the biblical narrative, its mention provides valuable insight into the early history of Edom and its kings. The city stands as a testament to the complex tapestry of peoples and places that form the backdrop of the biblical account.Genesis 36:39
And Baalhanan the son of Achbor died, and Hadar reigned in his stead: and the name of his city was Pau; and his wife's name was Mehetabel, the daughter of Matred, the daughter of Mezahab.
Nave's Topical Index

1 Chronicles 1:50
And when Baalhanan was dead, Hadad reigned in his stead: and the name of his city was Pai; and his wife's name was Mehetabel, the daughter of Matred, the daughter of Mezahab.
Nave's Topical Index

Chapter xxxvi
... Now there ruled over Edom Bela, the son of Beor, and the name of his city was ... and
there ruled in his stead Hadar, and the name of his city was Pau, and his ...
/.../christianbookshelf.org/leupold/exposition of genesis volume 1/chapter xxxvi.htm

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