The concept of the Promised Land is central to the biblical narrative, representing the land promised by God to Abraham and his descendants. The boundaries of this land are outlined in several passages throughout the Old Testament, each providing a unique perspective on the extent of the territory.

Genesis 15:18-21
In the covenant with Abram, God delineates the land from the "river of Egypt to the great river, the Euphrates." This passage lists the peoples inhabiting the land: "the Kenites, Kenizzites, Kadmonites, Hittites, Perizzites, Rephaites, Amorites, Canaanites, Girgashites, and Jebusites" . This description suggests a vast territory extending from the northeastern border of Egypt to the Euphrates River, encompassing much of the modern-day Middle East.

Exodus 23:31
God promises to establish the borders of Israel "from the Red Sea to the Sea of the Philistines, and from the desert to the Euphrates." This description emphasizes a land stretching from the southern desert regions to the Mediterranean Sea and eastward to the Euphrates, highlighting the strategic and fertile areas intended for the Israelites.

Numbers 34:1-12
In this passage, God provides Moses with specific boundaries for the land to be inherited by the Israelites. The southern border is described as extending from the "Desert of Zin along the border of Edom," with the western border being the "coast of the Great Sea" (Mediterranean). The northern border reaches "Mount Hor to Lebo-hamath," and the eastern border runs "from Hazar-enan to Shepham." This detailed description focuses on the land west of the Jordan River, which was to be divided among the twelve tribes of Israel.

Deuteronomy 11:24
Moses reiterates the promise of the land, stating, "Every place where the sole of your foot treads will be yours: Your territory will extend from the wilderness to Lebanon, and from the Euphrates River to the Western Sea." This passage underscores the vastness of the land promised, encompassing diverse geographical features and regions.

Joshua 1:3-4
As Joshua prepares to lead the Israelites into the Promised Land, God reaffirms the boundaries: "From the wilderness and this Lebanon to the great river, the Euphrates—all the land of the Hittites—and westward to the Great Sea." This reiteration serves as a divine assurance of the land's extent and the fulfillment of God's promise.

Ezekiel 47:13-20
In a prophetic vision, Ezekiel describes the future boundaries of the land, which include the "northern border from the Great Sea by way of Hethlon to Lebo-hamath," and the "eastern border from between Hauran and Damascus, along the Jordan between Gilead and the land of Israel." This vision reflects an eschatological hope for the restoration and reestablishment of Israel's borders.

The boundaries of the Promised Land, as described in these passages, reflect both historical and theological dimensions. They encompass a region of significant geographical diversity, including deserts, mountains, rivers, and fertile plains. These boundaries not only define a physical territory but also symbolize the fulfillment of God's covenantal promises to His chosen people.