Verse (Click for Chapter) New International Version The sons of Josiah: Johanan the firstborn, Jehoiakim the second son, Zedekiah the third, Shallum the fourth. New Living Translation The sons of Josiah were Johanan (the oldest), Jehoiakim (the second), Zedekiah (the third), and Jehoahaz (the fourth). English Standard Version The sons of Josiah: Johanan the firstborn, the second Jehoiakim, the third Zedekiah, the fourth Shallum. Berean Standard Bible The sons of Josiah: Johanan was the firstborn, Jehoiakim the second, Zedekiah the third, and Shallum the fourth. Berean Literal Bible And the sons of Josiah: The firstborn Johanan, the second Jehoiakim, the third Zedekiah, the fourth Shallum. King James Bible And the sons of Josiah were, the firstborn Johanan, the second Jehoiakim, the third Zedekiah, the fourth Shallum. New King James Version The sons of Josiah were Johanan the firstborn, the second Jehoiakim, the third Zedekiah, and the fourth Shallum. New American Standard Bible The sons of Josiah were Johanan, the firstborn, the second was Jehoiakim, the third, Zedekiah, and the fourth, Shallum. NASB 1995 The sons of Josiah were Johanan the firstborn, and the second was Jehoiakim, the third Zedekiah, the fourth Shallum. NASB 1977 And the sons of Josiah were Johanan the first-born, and the second was Jehoiakim, the third Zedekiah, the fourth Shallum. Legacy Standard Bible The sons of Josiah were Johanan the firstborn, and the second was Jehoiakim, the third Zedekiah, the fourth Shallum. Amplified Bible The sons of Josiah: firstborn, Johanan; second, Jehoiakim (Eliakim); third, Zedekiah; fourth, Shallum (Jehoahaz). Berean Annotated Bible The sons of Josiah (whom YHWH heals): Johanan (YHWH has graced) was the firstborn, Jehoiakim (YHWH raises up) the second, Zedekiah (YHWH is righteous) the third, and Shallum (Jehoahaz) the fourth. Christian Standard Bible Josiah’s sons: Johanan was the firstborn, Jehoiakim second, Zedekiah third, and Shallum fourth. Holman Christian Standard Bible Josiah’s sons: Johanan was the firstborn, Jehoiakim second, Zedekiah third, and Shallum fourth. American Standard Version And the sons of Josiah: the first-born Johanan, the second Jehoiakim, the third Zedekiah, the fourth Shallum. English Revised Version And the sons of Josiah; the firstborn Johanan, the second Jehoiakim, the third Zedekiah, the fourth Shallum. GOD'S WORD® Translation Josiah's firstborn son was Johanan, the second was Jehoiakim, the third was Zedekiah, and the fourth was Shallum. Good News Translation Josiah had four sons: Johanan, Jehoiakim, Zedekiah, and Joahaz. International Standard Version Josiah's descendants included Johanan his firstborn, his second born Jehoiakim, his third born Zedekiah, and his fourth born Shallum. NET Bible The sons of Josiah: Johanan was the firstborn; Jehoiakim was born second; Zedekiah third; and Shallum fourth. New Heart English Bible The sons of Josiah: the firstborn Johanan, the second Jehoiakim, the third Zedekiah, the fourth Shallum. Webster's Bible Translation And the sons of Josiah were, the first-born Johanan, the second Jehoiakim, the third Zedekiah, the fourth Shallum. Majority Text Translations Majority Standard BibleThe sons of Josiah: Johanan was the firstborn, Jehoiakim the second, Zedekiah the third, and Shallum the fourth. World English Bible The sons of Josiah: the firstborn Johanan, the second Jehoiakim, the third Zedekiah, and the fourth Shallum. Literal Translations Literal Standard VersionAnd sons of Josiah: the firstborn Johanan, the second Jehoiakim, the third Zedekiah, the fourth Shallum. Berean Literal Bible And the sons of Josiah: The firstborn Johanan, the second Jehoiakim, the third Zedekiah, the fourth Shallum. Young's Literal Translation And sons of Josiah: the first-born Johanan, the second Jehoiakim, the third Zedekiah, the fourth Shallum. Smith's Literal Translation And the sons of Josiah the firstborn, Johanan the second Jehoiakim; the third Zedekiah; the fourth Shallum. Catholic Translations Douay-Rheims BibleAnd the sons of Josias were, the firstborn Johanan, the second Joakim, the third Sedecias, the fourth Sellum. Catholic Public Domain Version Now the sons of Josiah were these: the firstborn Johanan, the second Jehoiakim, the third Zedekiah, the fourth Shallum. New American Bible The sons of Josiah were: the firstborn Johanan; the second, Jehoiakim; the third, Zedekiah; the fourth, Shallum. New Revised Standard Version The sons of Josiah: Johanan the firstborn, the second Jehoiakim, the third Zedekiah, the fourth Shallum. Translations from Aramaic Lamsa BibleAnd the sons of Josiah were: his first-born Johanan, the second Jehoiakim, the third Zedekiah, the fourth Shallum. Peshitta Holy Bible Translated And the sons of Yoshia: the firstborn Yokhanan, the second Yoiqim, the third Tsedeqia, the fourth Shallum. OT Translations JPS Tanakh 1917And the sons of Josiah: the firstborn Johanan, the second Jehoiakim, the third Zedekiah, the fourth Shallum. Brenton Septuagint Translation And the sons of Josia; the first-born Joanan, the second Joakim, the third Sedekias, the fourth Salum. Additional Translations ... Audio Bible Context The Descendants of Solomon…14Amon his son, and Josiah his son. 15The sons of Josiah: Johanan was the firstborn, Jehoiakim the second, Zedekiah the third, and Shallum the fourth. 16The successors of Jehoiakim: Jeconiah his son, and Zedekiah.… Cross References The sons of Josiah: 2 Kings 23:29-30 During Josiah’s reign, Pharaoh Neco king of Egypt marched up to help the king of Assyria at the Euphrates River. King Josiah went out to confront him, but Neco faced him and killed him at Megiddo. / From Megiddo his servants carried his body in a chariot, brought him to Jerusalem, and buried him in his own tomb. Then the people of the land took Jehoahaz son of Josiah, anointed him, and made him king in place of his father. 2 Chronicles 36:1-2 Then the people of the land took Jehoahaz son of Josiah and made him king in Jerusalem in place of his father. / Jehoahaz was twenty-three years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem three months. 2 Kings 24:1-2 During Jehoiakim’s reign, Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon invaded. So Jehoiakim became his vassal for three years, until he turned and rebelled against Nebuchadnezzar. / And the LORD sent Chaldean, Aramean, Moabite, and Ammonite raiders against Jehoiakim in order to destroy Judah, according to the word that the LORD had spoken through His servants the prophets. Johanan was the firstborn, Deuteronomy 21:15-17 If a man has two wives, one beloved and the other unloved, and both bear him sons, but the unloved wife has the firstborn son, / when that man assigns his inheritance to his sons he must not appoint the son of the beloved wife as the firstborn over the son of the unloved wife. / Instead, he must acknowledge the firstborn, the son of his unloved wife, by giving him a double portion of all that he has. For that son is the firstfruits of his father’s strength; the right of the firstborn belongs to him. 1 Chronicles 5:1-2 These were the sons of Reuben the firstborn of Israel. Though he was the firstborn, his birthright was given to the sons of Joseph son of Israel, because Reuben defiled his father’s bed. So he is not reckoned according to birthright. / And though Judah prevailed over his brothers and a ruler came from him, the birthright belonged to Joseph. Exodus 13:2 “Consecrate to Me every firstborn male. The firstborn from every womb among the Israelites belongs to Me, both of man and beast.” Jehoiakim the second, 2 Kings 23:34-35 Then Pharaoh Neco made Eliakim son of Josiah king in place of his father Josiah, and he changed Eliakim’s name to Jehoiakim. But Neco took Jehoahaz and carried him off to Egypt, where he died. / So Jehoiakim paid the silver and gold to Pharaoh Neco, but to meet Pharaoh’s demand he taxed the land and exacted the silver and the gold from the people, each according to his wealth. 2 Chronicles 36:4-8 Then Neco king of Egypt made Eliakim brother of Jehoahaz king over Judah and Jerusalem, and he changed Eliakim’s name to Jehoiakim. But Neco took Eliakim’s brother Jehoahaz and carried him off to Egypt. / Jehoiakim was twenty-five years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem eleven years. And he did evil in the sight of the LORD his God. / Then Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came up against Jehoiakim and bound him with bronze shackles to take him to Babylon. … Jeremiah 22:13-19 “Woe to him who builds his palace by unrighteousness, and his upper rooms without justice, who makes his countrymen serve without pay, and fails to pay their wages, / who says, ‘I will build myself a great palace, with spacious upper rooms.’ So he cuts windows in it, panels it with cedar, and paints it with vermilion. / Does it make you a king to excel in cedar? Did not your father have food and drink? He administered justice and righteousness, and so it went well with him. … Zedekiah the third, 2 Kings 24:17-20 Then the king of Babylon made Mattaniah, Jehoiachin’s uncle, king in his place and changed his name to Zedekiah. / Zedekiah was twenty-one years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem eleven years. His mother’s name was Hamutal daughter of Jeremiah; she was from Libnah. / And Zedekiah did evil in the sight of the LORD, just as Jehoiakim had done. … 2 Chronicles 36:10-13 In the spring, King Nebuchadnezzar summoned Jehoiachin and brought him to Babylon, along with the articles of value from the house of the LORD. And he made Jehoiachin’s relative Zedekiah king over Judah and Jerusalem. / Zedekiah was twenty-one years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem eleven years. / And he did evil in the sight of the LORD his God and did not humble himself before Jeremiah the prophet, who spoke for the LORD. … Jeremiah 21:1-7 This is the word that came to Jeremiah from the LORD when King Zedekiah sent to him Pashhur son of Malchijah and the priest Zephaniah son of Maaseiah. They said, / “Please inquire of the LORD on our behalf, since Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon is waging war against us. Perhaps the LORD will perform for us something like all His past wonders, so that Nebuchadnezzar will withdraw from us.” / But Jeremiah answered, “You are to tell Zedekiah that … and Shallum the fourth. Jeremiah 22:11-12 For this is what the LORD says concerning Shallum son of Josiah, king of Judah, who succeeded his father Josiah but has gone forth from this place: “He will never return, / but he will die in the place to which he was exiled; he will never see this land again.” 2 Kings 23:31-34 Jehoahaz was twenty-three years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem three months. His mother’s name was Hamutal daughter of Jeremiah; she was from Libnah. / And he did evil in the sight of the LORD, just as his fathers had done. / And Pharaoh Neco imprisoned Jehoahaz at Riblah in the land of Hamath so that he could not reign in Jerusalem, and he imposed on Judah a levy of a hundred talents of silver and a talent of gold. … 2 Chronicles 36:3-4 And the king of Egypt dethroned him in Jerusalem and imposed on Judah a levy of a hundred talents of silver and a talent of gold. / Then Neco king of Egypt made Eliakim brother of Jehoahaz king over Judah and Jerusalem, and he changed Eliakim’s name to Jehoiakim. But Neco took Eliakim’s brother Jehoahaz and carried him off to Egypt. 2 Kings 23:30-34 From Megiddo his servants carried his body in a chariot, brought him to Jerusalem, and buried him in his own tomb. Then the people of the land took Jehoahaz son of Josiah, anointed him, and made him king in place of his father. / Jehoahaz was twenty-three years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem three months. His mother’s name was Hamutal daughter of Jeremiah; she was from Libnah. / And he did evil in the sight of the LORD, just as his fathers had done. … Treasury of Scripture And the sons of Josiah were, the firstborn Johanan, the second Jehoiakim, the third Zedekiah, the fourth Shallum. Jump to Previous Firstborn First-Born Fourth Jehoiakim Jehoi'akim Johanan Joha'nan Josiah Josi'ah Oldest Second Shallum Third Zedekiah Zedeki'ahJump to Next Firstborn First-Born Fourth Jehoiakim Jehoi'akim Johanan Joha'nan Josiah Josi'ah Oldest Second Shallum Third Zedekiah Zedeki'ah1 Chronicles 3 1. The sons of David.10. His line to Zedekiah. 17. The successors of Jeconiah. The sons of Josiah: Josiah was a king of Judah known for his religious reforms and dedication to the worship of Yahweh. His reign marked a significant period of spiritual renewal in Judah, as he sought to rid the nation of idolatry and restore the covenant with God. Josiah's lineage is significant as it connects to the Davidic line, which is central to the messianic prophecies concerning Jesus Christ. Johanan was the firstborn: Jehoiakim the second: Zedekiah the third: Shallum the fourth: Persons / Places / Events 1. JosiahA king of Judah known for his religious reforms and efforts to restore the worship of Yahweh. He is remembered for his dedication to God and his attempt to lead the nation back to the covenant. 2. Johanan The firstborn son of Josiah. Little is known about him, and he is not mentioned elsewhere in the biblical account, suggesting he may have died young or not taken the throne. 3. Jehoiakim The second son of Josiah, who became king after Josiah's death. His reign was marked by idolatry and conflict with Babylon, leading to the eventual exile of Judah. 4. Zedekiah The third son of Josiah, who was installed as king by Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon. His reign ended with the fall of Jerusalem and the Babylonian exile. 5. Shallum Also known as Jehoahaz, he was the fourth son of Josiah and briefly reigned as king before being deposed by Pharaoh Necho of Egypt. Teaching Points The Legacy of LeadershipJosiah's sons illustrate the impact of leadership choices on a nation. Despite Josiah's faithfulness, his sons' failure to follow God led to national disaster. This serves as a reminder of the importance of godly leadership and the influence it has on future generations. Consequences of Disobedience The reigns of Jehoiakim and Zedekiah show the severe consequences of turning away from God. Their accounts remind us of the importance of obedience to God's commands and the dangers of idolatry and compromise. The Role of Divine Sovereignty Despite the failures of Josiah's sons, God's sovereign plan continued to unfold. This teaches us to trust in God's ultimate control and purpose, even when human leaders fail. The Importance of Personal Faithfulness While Josiah was a faithful king, his sons did not inherit his devotion. This highlights the necessity of personal faith and commitment to God, rather than relying solely on the faith of others. Bible Study Questions and Answers 1. What is the meaning of 1 Chronicles 3:15?2. How does 1 Chronicles 3:15 highlight God's sovereignty in family lineage? 3. What lessons can we learn from Josiah's sons' roles in biblical history? 4. How does this genealogy connect to the lineage of Jesus in Matthew 1? 5. What can we apply from Josiah's legacy to our own family leadership? 6. How does understanding 1 Chronicles 3:15 deepen our appreciation for biblical genealogies? 7. What is the significance of Josiah's sons listed in 1 Chronicles 3:15? 8. How does 1 Chronicles 3:15 align with the historical records of Josiah's lineage? 9. Why are some of Josiah's sons' names different in other biblical accounts? 10. What are the top 10 Lessons from 1 Chronicles 3? 11. Who were Josiah's sons? 12. Who were Josiah's sons? 13. In 1 Chronicles 3:10–16, why does the sequence of kings differ from certain historical references and archaeological findings? 14. Who was King Jehoahaz in biblical history? What Does 1 Chronicles 3:15 Mean The sons of JosiahJosiah is remembered as a reforming king who “walked in all the ways of his father David” (2 Kings 22:2). First Chronicles lists his sons to trace David’s royal line beyond the Babylonian exile (1 Chron 3:1–24). By naming each son in birth order, the writer underlines God’s meticulous preservation of the messianic lineage (cf. 2 Samuel 7:12–16; Matthew 1:11). The genealogy also highlights that even righteous parents cannot guarantee faithful children, a theme echoed later in Ezekiel 18. Johanan was the firstborn • Chronicles alone names Johanan; Kings never records him reigning (2 Kings 23–25). • Many scholars connect him with Jehoahaz, yet Jeremiah distinguishes Jehoahaz by the throne-name “Shallum” (Jeremiah 22:11). The simplest literal reading is that Johanan died or was deemed unfit before ascending the throne, leaving no further biblical record. • His absence from the royal narrative shows that birth order did not obligate God to place him on the throne, paralleling earlier patterns with Reuben and Joseph (Genesis 49:3–4; 1 Chron 5:1). Jehoiakim the second • Originally named Eliakim, he was placed on the throne by Pharaoh Neco, who “changed his name to Jehoiakim” (2 Kings 23:34). • Reigned eleven years, taxed the land heavily, and “did evil in the sight of the LORD” (2 Kings 23:36–37). • Jeremiah confronted him for burning the prophetic scroll (Jeremiah 36:20–24). His rebellion against Babylon (2 Kings 24:1) led to the first deportations, fulfilling warnings in Deuteronomy 28:36. • Though second in birth order, his rule shows how foreign powers manipulated Judah once she drifted from covenant loyalty. Zedekiah the third • Birth name Mattaniah; Nebuchadnezzar renamed him Zedekiah (2 Kings 24:17). • Last king of Judah, ruling eleven years before Jerusalem fell (2 Kings 24:18–20). • Ignored Jeremiah’s counsel (Jeremiah 37–38) and broke his oath to Babylon, confirming Ezekiel’s indictment (Ezekiel 17:12–21). • His blinded exile (2 Kings 25:6–7) marked the royal line’s physical end on the throne, yet the Davidic promise remained intact, pointing forward to Christ (Luke 1:32–33). Shallum the fourth • Kings calls him Jehoahaz; Jeremiah identifies him by his personal name Shallum (Jeremiah 22:11). • Reigned only three months before Pharaoh Neco deported him to Egypt (2 Kings 23:31–34). • Jeremiah’s prophecy, “He shall never return” (Jeremiah 22:11–12), underscores God’s judgment on covenant infidelity. • His brief, tragic rule illustrates that political alliances could not rescue Judah from divine discipline (Isaiah 31:1). summary First Chronicles 3:15 faithfully records Josiah’s four sons, affirming God’s oversight of David’s lineage even amid national collapse. Each name signals a turning point: Johanan’s silence, Jehoiakim’s arrogance, Zedekiah’s final downfall, and Shallum’s fleeting reign. Together they show that kings rise and fall, yet the Lord’s promises stand, preparing the way for the true and eternal Son of David. (15) And the sons of Josiah.--The regular succession by primogeniture ceases with Josiah.The firstborn Johanan (Iahweh bestowed) never ascended the throne of his fathers. He may have died early. He is not to be identified with Jehoahaz, who was two years younger than Jehoiakim (2Kings 23:31; 2Kings 23:36), and therefore could not have been the firstborn of Josiah. The second Jehoiakim, the third Zedekiah, the fourth Shallum.--The order of succession to the throne after Josiah was this:--First, Shallum (= Jehoahaz, 2Kings 23:30; comp. Jeremiah 22:11); then Jehoiakim (= Eliakim, 2Kings 23:34; Jeremiah 22:18); then Jeconiah, son of Jehoiakini (= Jehoiachin, Jeremiah 22:24); and, lastly, Zedekiah (= Mattaniah, 2Kings 24:17), . . . Verse 15. - The first thing to be observed in this verse is that, though it lays stress on the mention of the name of Josiah's firstborn of four sons as Johanan, this is the only mention of him. Some, however, have taken the Jehoahaz of 2 Kings 23:30 for him. Next, that Jehoiakim was not the original name of the next brother, but a name slightly altered by Pharaoh-Necho from Eliakim (2 Kings 23:34). If the dates of 2 Kings 23:31, 34, 36, be correct, there is no doubt that, though Jehoiakim, i.e. Eliakim, reigned after Jehoahaz, yet he was the elder, and is in his right place in the present passage. Next, that Shallum (Jeremiah 20:11) is another name of the Jehoa-haz of 2 Kings 23:30, 31, 34, and several other places. It is possible that he finds the last place amid the four brothers of this verse because of his probable usurpation of the throne, in violation of the right of his elder brother, Jehoiakim, and the early fall he met with in consequence. Lastly, that the fourth brother, Zedekiah, whose name (2 Kings 24:17) was originally Mattha-niah, was put on the throne by the King of Babylon, and reigned eleven years in Jerusalem (2 Kings 24:18) after that his nephew Jehoiachin (who could have no son old enough to succeed) was (2 Kings 24:12, 15, 17) carried captive to Babylon.Parallel Commentaries ... Hebrew The sonsוּבְנֵי֙ (ū·ḇə·nê) Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine plural construct Strong's 1121: A son of Josiah: יֹאשִׁיָּ֔הוּ (yō·šî·yā·hū) Noun - proper - masculine singular Strong's 2977: Josiah -- 'Yah supports', two Israelites Johanan יוֹחָנָ֔ן (yō·w·ḥā·nān) Noun - proper - masculine singular Strong's 3110: Jochanan was the firstborn, הַבְּכוֹר֙ (hab·bə·ḵō·wr) Article | Noun - masculine singular Strong's 1060: Firstborn, chief Jehoiakim יְהוֹיָקִ֑ים (yə·hō·w·yā·qîm) Noun - proper - masculine singular Strong's 3079: Jehoiakim -- 'the LORD raises up', three Israelites the second, הַשֵּׁנִ֖י (haš·šê·nî) Article | Number - ordinal masculine singular Strong's 8145: Second (an ordinal number) Zedekiah צִדְקִיָּ֔הוּ (ṣiḏ·qî·yā·hū) Noun - proper - masculine singular Strong's 6667: Zedekiah -- 'Yah is righteousness', six Israelites the third, הַשְּׁלִשִׁי֙ (haš·šə·li·šî) Article | Number - ordinal masculine singular Strong's 7992: Third, feminine a, third, a third, a third-story cell) and Shallum שַׁלּֽוּם׃ (šal·lūm) Noun - proper - masculine singular Strong's 7967: Shallum -- the name of a number of Israelites the fourth. הָרְבִיעִ֖י (hā·rə·ḇî·‘î) Article | Number - ordinal masculine singular Strong's 7243: Fourth, a fourth Links 1 Chronicles 3:15 NIV1 Chronicles 3:15 NLT 1 Chronicles 3:15 ESV 1 Chronicles 3:15 NASB 1 Chronicles 3:15 KJV 1 Chronicles 3:15 BibleApps.com 1 Chronicles 3:15 Biblia Paralela 1 Chronicles 3:15 Chinese Bible 1 Chronicles 3:15 French Bible 1 Chronicles 3:15 Catholic Bible OT History: 1 Chronicles 3:15 The sons of Josiah: the firstborn Johanan (1 Chron. 1Ch iCh i Ch 1 chr 1chr) |
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