1 Chronicles 3:3
New International Version
the fifth, Shephatiah the son of Abital; and the sixth, Ithream, by his wife Eglah.

New Living Translation
The fifth was Shephatiah, whose mother was Abital. The sixth was Ithream, whose mother was Eglah, David’s wife.

English Standard Version
the fifth, Shephatiah, by Abital; the sixth, Ithream, by his wife Eglah;

Berean Standard Bible
the fifth was Shephatiah by Abital; and the sixth was Ithream by his wife Eglah.

King James Bible
The fifth, Shephatiah of Abital: the sixth, Ithream by Eglah his wife.

New King James Version
the fifth, Shephatiah, by Abital; the sixth, Ithream, by his wife Eglah.

New American Standard Bible
the fifth was Shephatiah, by Abital; the sixth was Ithream, by his wife Eglah.

NASB 1995
the fifth was Shephatiah, by Abital; the sixth was Ithream, by his wife Eglah.

NASB 1977
the fifth was Shephatiah, by Abital; the sixth was Ithream, by his wife Eglah.

Legacy Standard Bible
the fifth was Shephatiah, by Abital; the sixth was Ithream, by his wife Eglah.

Amplified Bible
fifth, Shephatiah, by Abital; sixth, Ithream, by his wife Eglah.

Christian Standard Bible
Shephatiah, by Abital, was fifth; and Ithream, by David’s wife Eglah, was sixth.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
Shephatiah, by Abital, was fifth; and Ithream, by David’s wife Eglah, was sixth.

American Standard Version
the fifth, Shephatiah of Abital; the sixth, Ithream by Eglah his wife:

English Revised Version
the fifth, Shephatiah of Abital; the sixth, Ithream by Eglah his wife.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
The fifth was Shephatiah, [born] to Abital. The sixth was Ithream, [born] to David's wife Eglah.

International Standard Version
Shephatiah his fifth born by Abital, and Ithream his sixth born by his wife Eglah.

Majority Standard Bible
the fifth was Shephatiah by Abital; and the sixth was Ithream by his wife Eglah.

NET Bible
the fifth was Shephatiah, whose mother was Abital; the sixth was Ithream, whose mother was Eglah.

New Heart English Bible
the fifth, Shephatiah of Abital; the sixth, Ithream by Eglah his wife:

Webster's Bible Translation
The fifth, Shephatiah of Abital: the sixth, Ithream by Eglah his wife.

World English Bible
the fifth, Shephatiah of Abital; the sixth, Ithream by Eglah his wife:
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
the fifth Shephatiah, of Abital; the sixth Ithream, of his wife Eglah.

Young's Literal Translation
the fifth Shephatiah, of Abital; the sixth Ithream, of Eglah his wife.

Smith's Literal Translation
The fifth, Shephatiah to Abital the sixth, Ithrean to Eglah his wife.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
The fifth Saphatias of Abital, the sixth Jethrahem of Egla, his wife.

Catholic Public Domain Version
the fifth Shephatiah, of Abital; the sixth Ithream, from his wife Eglah.

New American Bible
the fifth, Shephatiah, by Abital; the sixth, Ithream, by his wife Eglah.

New Revised Standard Version
the fifth Shephatiah, by Abital; the sixth Ithream, by his wife Eglah;
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
The filth Shephatiah, the son of Abital; the sixth Ithream, by Eglah his wife.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
The fifth, Shephatiah, son of Aphietel, the sixth, Ituram, who was from Egla, the wife of David.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
the fifth, Shephatiah of Abital; the sixth, Ithream by Eglah his wife.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
The fifth, Saphatia, the son of Abital; the sixth, Jethraam, born of Agla his wife.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
The Descendants of David
2the third was Absalom the son of Maacah daughter of King Talmai of Geshur; the fourth was Adonijah the son of Haggith; 3the fifth was Shephatiah by Abital; and the sixth was Ithream by his wife Eglah. 4These six sons were born to David in Hebron, where he reigned seven years and six months. And David reigned in Jerusalem thirty-three years,…

Cross References
2 Samuel 3:2-5
And sons were born to David in Hebron: His firstborn was Amnon, by Ahinoam of Jezreel; / his second was Chileab, by Abigail the widow of Nabal of Carmel; his third was Absalom, the son of Maacah daughter of King Talmai of Geshur; / his fourth was Adonijah, the son of Haggith; his fifth was Shephatiah, the son of Abital; ...

2 Samuel 5:13-16
After he had arrived from Hebron, David took more concubines and wives from Jerusalem, and more sons and daughters were born to him. / These are the names of the children born to him in Jerusalem: Shammua, Shobab, Nathan, Solomon, / Ibhar, Elishua, Nepheg, Japhia, ...

1 Kings 1:5-6
At that time Adonijah, David’s son by Haggith, began to exalt himself, saying, “I will be king!” And he acquired chariots and horsemen and fifty men to run ahead of him. / (His father had never once reprimanded him by saying, “Why do you act this way?” Adonijah was also very handsome, born next after Absalom.)

1 Kings 2:15
“You know that the kingship was mine,” he said. “All Israel expected that I should reign, but the kingship has turned to my brother, for it has come to him from the LORD.

1 Kings 11:1-3
King Solomon, however, loved many foreign women along with the daughter of Pharaoh—women of Moab, Ammon, Edom, and Sidon, as well as Hittite women. / These women were from the nations about which the LORD had told the Israelites, “You must not intermarry with them, for surely they will turn your hearts after their gods.” Yet Solomon clung to these women in love. / He had seven hundred wives of royal birth and three hundred concubines—and his wives turned his heart away.

2 Samuel 13:1-2
After some time, David’s son Amnon fell in love with Tamar, the beautiful sister of David’s son Absalom. / Amnon was sick with frustration over his sister Tamar, for she was a virgin, and it seemed implausible for him to do anything to her.

2 Samuel 15:1-6
Some time later, Absalom provided for himself a chariot with horses and fifty men to run ahead of him. / He would get up early and stand beside the road leading to the city gate. Whenever anyone had a grievance to bring before the king for a decision, Absalom would call out and ask, “What city are you from?” And if he replied, “Your servant is from one of the tribes of Israel,” / Absalom would say, “Look, your claims are good and right, but the king has no deputy to hear you.” ...

2 Samuel 16:22
So they pitched a tent for Absalom on the roof, and he slept with his father’s concubines in the sight of all Israel.

2 Samuel 18:9-15
Now Absalom was riding on his mule when he met the servants of David, and as the mule went under the thick branches of a large oak, Absalom’s head was caught fast in the tree. The mule under him kept going, so that he was suspended in midair. / When one of the men saw this, he told Joab, “I just saw Absalom hanging in an oak tree!” / “You just saw him!” Joab exclaimed. “Why did you not strike him to the ground right there? I would have given you ten shekels of silver and a warrior’s belt!” ...

2 Samuel 19:10
But Absalom, the man we anointed over us, has died in battle. So why do you say nothing about restoring the king?”

1 Kings 1:11-14
Then Nathan said to Bathsheba the mother of Solomon, “Have you not heard that Adonijah son of Haggith has become king, and our lord David does not know it? / Now please, come and let me advise you. Save your own life and the life of your son Solomon. / Go at once to King David and say, ‘My lord the king, did you not swear to your maidservant, “Surely your son Solomon will reign after me, and he will sit on my throne”? Why then has Adonijah become king?’ ...

1 Kings 2:22
King Solomon answered his mother, “Why do you request Abishag the Shunammite for Adonijah? Since he is my older brother, you might as well request the kingdom for him and for Abiathar the priest and for Joab son of Zeruiah!”

Matthew 1:6
and Jesse the father of David the king. Next: David was the father of Solomon by Uriah’s wife,

Matthew 1:1-17
This is the record of the genealogy of Jesus Christ, the son of David, the son of Abraham: / Abraham was the father of Isaac, Isaac the father of Jacob, and Jacob the father of Judah and his brothers. / Judah was the father of Perez and Zerah by Tamar, Perez the father of Hezron, and Hezron the father of Ram. ...

Luke 3:31-34
the son of Melea, the son of Menna, the son of Mattatha, the son of Nathan, the son of David, / the son of Jesse, the son of Obed, the son of Boaz, the son of Sala, the son of Nahshon, / the son of Amminadab, the son of Admin, the son of Arni, the son of Hezron, the son of Perez, the son of Judah, ...


Treasury of Scripture

The fifth, Shephatiah of Abital: the sixth, Ithream by Eglah his wife.

Eglah.

1 Chronicles 6:23
Elkanah his son, and Ebiasaph his son, and Assir his son,

2 Samuel 3:5
And the sixth, Ithream, by Eglah David's wife. These were born to David in Hebron.

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1 Chronicles 3
1. The sons of David.
10. His line to Zedekiah.
17. The successors of Jeconiah.














the fifth Shephatiah
The name "Shephatiah" means "Yahweh has judged" in Hebrew. This name reflects a common theme in the Bible where names often signify divine actions or attributes. The use of "the fifth" indicates the order of birth among David's sons, emphasizing the structured lineage and the importance of genealogy in Israelite culture. This reflects the meticulous record-keeping and the value placed on heritage and divine order.

by Abital
Abital's name means "my father is dew," which can symbolize blessing and life-giving sustenance, as dew was crucial for agriculture in ancient Israel. Her mention here, though brief, highlights the role of women in the lineage of David, even if their accounts are not extensively detailed. It underscores the importance of each individual in God's plan, regardless of the amount of information provided about them.

the sixth Ithream
"Ithream" means "abundance of people" or "excellent people," suggesting a sense of prosperity and blessing. The designation "the sixth" again points to the order and structure within David's family, which is significant in understanding the historical and theological context of the Davidic line. This order is not just a matter of record but also a reflection of God's providential arrangement of history.

by his wife Eglah
Eglah's name means "heifer" in Hebrew, which might seem unusual but can be understood as a symbol of fertility and strength. The phrase "his wife" indicates a legitimate union, which was important for the recognition of offspring in the royal lineage. This highlights the sanctity of marriage and the importance of legitimate heirs in the continuation of God's covenant promises through David's line.

(3) Eglah (heifer) his wife.--Eglah is not marked out as principal wife of David. The expression "his wife" is added simply to balance the clause, to make up for the absence of details respecting her connexions, such as are given in the case of some of the other wives. Jewish expositors have groundlessly identified Eglah with Michal, daughter of Saul (1Samuel 18:20).



Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
the fifth
הַחֲמִישִׁ֥י (ha·ḥă·mî·šî)
Article | Number - ordinal masculine singular
Strong's 2549: Fifth, a fifth

[was] Shephatiah
שְׁפַטְיָ֖ה (šə·p̄aṭ·yāh)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 8203: Shephatiah -- 'Yah has judged', the name of a number of Israelites

by Abital;
לַאֲבִיטָ֑ל (la·’ă·ḇî·ṭāl)
Preposition-l | Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 37: Abital -- 'my father is (the) dew', a wife of David

[and] the sixth
הַשִּׁשִּׁ֥י (haš·šiš·šî)
Article | Number - ordinal masculine singular
Strong's 8345: Sixth, ord, fractional

[was] Ithream
יִתְרְעָ֖ם (yiṯ·rə·‘ām)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3507: Ithream -- a son of David

by his wife
אִשְׁתּֽוֹ׃ (’iš·tōw)
Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 802: Woman, wife, female

Eglah.
לְעֶגְלָ֥ה (lə·‘eḡ·lāh)
Preposition-l | Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 5698: Eglah -- 'heifer', a wife of David


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OT History: 1 Chronicles 3:3 The fifth Shephatiah of Abital (1 Chron. 1Ch iCh i Ch 1 chr 1chr)
1 Chronicles 3:2
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