1 Chronicles 4:17
New International Version
The sons of Ezrah: Jether, Mered, Epher and Jalon. One of Mered’s wives gave birth to Miriam, Shammai and Ishbah the father of Eshtemoa.

New Living Translation
The sons of Ezrah were Jether, Mered, Epher, and Jalon. One of Mered’s wives became the mother of Miriam, Shammai, and Ishbah (the father of Eshtemoa).

English Standard Version
The sons of Ezrah: Jether, Mered, Epher, and Jalon. These are the sons of Bithiah, the daughter of Pharaoh, whom Mered married; and she conceived and bore Miriam, Shammai, and Ishbah, the father of Eshtemoa.

Berean Standard Bible
The sons of Ezrah: Jether, Mered, Epher, and Jalon. And Mered’s wife Bithiah gave birth to Miriam, Shammai, and Ishbah the father of Eshtemoa.

King James Bible
And the sons of Ezra were, Jether, and Mered, and Epher, and Jalon: and she bare Miriam, and Shammai, and Ishbah the father of Eshtemoa.

New King James Version
The sons of Ezrah were Jether, Mered, Epher, and Jalon. And Mered’s wife bore Miriam, Shammai, and Ishbah the father of Eshtemoa.

New American Standard Bible
The sons of Ezrah were Jether, Mered, Epher, and Jalon. And Mered’s wife conceived and gave birth to Miriam, Shammai, and Ishbah the father of Eshtemoa.

NASB 1995
The sons of Ezrah were Jether, Mered, Epher and Jalon. (And these are the sons of Bithia the daughter of Pharaoh, whom Mered took) and she conceived and bore Miriam, Shammai and Ishbah the father of Eshtemoa.

NASB 1977
And the sons of Ezrah were Jether, Mered, Epher, and Jalon. (And these are the sons of Bithia the daughter of Pharaoh, whom Mered took) and she conceived and bore Miriam, Shammai, and Ishbah the father of Eshtemoa.

Legacy Standard Bible
The sons of Ezrah were Jether, Mered, Epher, and Jalon. (And these are the sons of Bithia the daughter of Pharaoh, whom Mered took) and she conceived and bore Miriam, Shammai, and Ishbah the father of Eshtemoa.

Amplified Bible
The sons of Ezrah: Jether, Mered, Epher, and Jalon. These are the sons of Bithia daughter of Pharaoh, whom Mered took: she conceived and gave birth to Miriam, Shammai, and Ishbah the father of Eshtemoa.

Christian Standard Bible
Ezrah’s sons: Jether, Mered, Epher, and Jalon. Mered’s wife Bithiah gave birth to Miriam, Shammai, and Ishbah the father of Eshtemoa.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
Ezrah’s sons: Jether, Mered, Epher, and Jalon. Mered’s wife Bithiah gave birth to Miriam, Shammai, and Ishbah the father of Eshtemoa.

American Standard Version
And the sons of Ezrah: Jether, and Mered, and Epher, and Jalon; and she bare Miriam, and Shammai, and Ishbah the father of Eshtemoa.

English Revised Version
And the sons of Ezrah; Jether, and Mered, and Epher, and Jalon: and she bare Miriam, and Shammai, and Ishbah the father of Eshtemoa.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
Ezrah's sons were Jether, Mered, Epher, and Jalon. His wife gave birth to Miriam, Shammai, and Ishbah, who first settled Eshtemoa.

International Standard Version
Ezrah's descendants were Jether, Mered, Epher, and Jalon. Mered's wife conceived Miriam, Shammai, and Ishbah, who fathered Eshtemoa.

Majority Standard Bible
The sons of Ezrah: Jether, Mered, Epher, and Jalon. And Mered’s wife Bithiah gave birth to Miriam, Shammai, and Ishbah the father of Eshtemoa.

NET Bible
The sons of Ezrah: Jether, Mered, Epher, and Jalon. Mered's wife Bithiah gave birth to Miriam, Shammai, and Ishbah, the father of Eshtemoa.

New Heart English Bible
The sons of Ezrah: Jether, and Mered, and Epher, and Jalon. And Jether became the father of Miriam, and Shammai, and Ishbah the father of Eshtemoa.

Webster's Bible Translation
And the sons of Ezra were, Jethur, and Mered, and Epher, and Jalon: and she bore Miriam, and Shammai, and Ishbah the father of Eshtemoa.

World English Bible
The sons of Ezrah: Jether, Mered, Epher, and Jalon; and Mered’s wife bore Miriam, Shammai, and Ishbah the father of Eshtemoa.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
And sons of Ezra: Jether, and Mered, and Epher, and Jalon. And she bears Miriam, and Shammai, and Ishbah father of Eshtemoa.

Young's Literal Translation
And sons of Ezra are Jether, and Mered, and Epher, and Jalon: and she beareth Miriam, and Shammai, and Ishbah father of Eshtemoa.

Smith's Literal Translation
And the sons of Ezra, Jether and Mered, and Epher, and Jalon: and she will conceive Miriam and Shammai, and Ishbah the father of Eshtemoa.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
And the sons of Esra, Jether, and Mered, and Epher, and Jalon, and he beget Mariam, and Sammai, and Jesba the father of Esthamo.

Catholic Public Domain Version
And the sons of Ezrah: Jether, and Mered, and Epher, and Jalon; and he conceived Miriam, and Shammai, and Ishbah, the father of Eshtemoa.

New American Bible
The sons of Ezrah were Jether, Mered, Epher, and Jalon. Jether became the father of Miriam, Shammai, and Ishbah, the father of Eshtemoa.

New Revised Standard Version
The sons of Ezrah: Jether, Mered, Epher, and Jalon. These are the sons of Bithiah, daughter of Pharaoh, whom Mered married; and she conceived and bore Miriam, Shammai, and Ishbah father of Eshtemoa.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
And the sons of his wife Hodiah the sister of Nahom, the father of Keilah the Garmite, and Eshtemoa the Maahathite.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
And the sons of Ezrah: Jether, and Mered, and Epher, and Jalon. And she bore Miriam, and Shammai, and Ishbah the father of Eshtemoa--

Brenton Septuagint Translation
And the sons of Esri; Jether, Morad, and Apher, and Jamon: and Jether begot Maron, and Semei, and Jesba the father of Esthaemon.
Audio Bible



Context
More Descendants of Judah
16The sons of Jehallelel: Ziph, Ziphah, Tiria, and Asarel. 17The sons of Ezrah: Jether, Mered, Epher, and Jalon. And Mered’s wife Bithiah gave birth to Miriam, Shammai, and Ishbah the father of Eshtemoa. 18These were the children of Pharaoh’s daughter Bithiah. Mered also took a Judean wife, who gave birth to Jered the father of Gedor, Heber the father of Soco, and Jekuthiel the father of Zanoah.…

Cross References
Exodus 6:23
And Aaron married Elisheba, the daughter of Amminadab and sister of Nahshon, and she bore him Nadab and Abihu, Eleazar and Ithamar.

Numbers 26:59
and Amram’s wife was named Jochebed. She was also a daughter of Levi, born to Levi in Egypt. To Amram she bore Aaron, Moses, and their sister Miriam.

1 Chronicles 2:18-20
Caleb son of Hezron had children by his wife Azubah and by Jerioth. These were the sons of Azubah: Jesher, Shobab, and Ardon. / When Azubah died, Caleb married Ephrath, who bore to him Hur. / Hur was the father of Uri, and Uri was the father of Bezalel.

1 Chronicles 7:14-19
The descendants of Manasseh: Asriel through his Aramean concubine. She also gave birth to Machir the father of Gilead. / Machir took a wife from among the Huppites and Shuppites. The name of his sister was Maacah. Another descendant was named Zelophehad, who had only daughters. / Machir’s wife Maacah gave birth to a son, and she named him Peresh. His brother was named Sheresh, and his sons were Ulam and Rekem. ...

1 Chronicles 2:21-23
Later, Hezron slept with the daughter of Machir the father of Gilead. He had married her when he was sixty years old, and she bore to him Segub. / Segub was the father of Jair, who had twenty-three cities in the land of Gilead. / But Geshur and Aram captured Havvoth-jair, along with Kenath and its sixty surrounding villages. All these were descendants of Machir the father of Gilead.

1 Chronicles 2:34-41
Sheshan had no sons, but only daughters. He also had an Egyptian servant named Jarha. / Sheshan gave his daughter in marriage to his servant Jarha, and she bore to him Attai. / Attai was the father of Nathan, Nathan was the father of Zabad, ...

1 Chronicles 6:1-3
The sons of Levi: Gershon, Kohath, and Merari. / The sons of Kohath: Amram, Izhar, Hebron, and Uzziel. / The children of Amram: Aaron, Moses, and Miriam. The sons of Aaron: Nadab, Abihu, Eleazar, and Ithamar.

1 Chronicles 23:13
The sons of Amram: Aaron and Moses. Aaron and his descendants were set apart forever to consecrate the most holy things, to burn incense before the LORD, to minister before Him, and to pronounce blessings in His name forever.

2 Chronicles 11:18-19
And Rehoboam married Mahalath, who was the daughter of David’s son Jerimoth and of Abihail, the daughter of Jesse’s son Eliab. / She bore sons to him: Jeush, Shemariah, and Zaham.

Ezra 2:61-63
And from among the priests: the descendants of Hobaiah, the descendants of Hakkoz, and the descendants of Barzillai (who had married a daughter of Barzillai the Gileadite and was called by their name). / These men searched for their family records, but they could not find them and so were excluded from the priesthood as unclean. / The governor ordered them not to eat the most holy things until there was a priest to consult the Urim and Thummim.

Nehemiah 7:63-65
And from among the priests: the descendants of Hobaiah, the descendants of Hakkoz, and the descendants of Barzillai (who had married a daughter of Barzillai the Gileadite and was called by their name). / These men searched for their family records, but they could not find them and so were excluded from the priesthood as unclean. / The governor ordered them not to eat the most holy things until there was a priest to consult the Urim and Thummim.

Matthew 1:1-17
This is the record of the genealogy of Jesus Christ, the son of David, the son of Abraham: / Abraham was the father of Isaac, Isaac the father of Jacob, and Jacob the father of Judah and his brothers. / Judah was the father of Perez and Zerah by Tamar, Perez the father of Hezron, and Hezron the father of Ram. ...

Luke 3:23-38
Jesus Himself was about thirty years old when He began His ministry. He was regarded as the son of Joseph, the son of Heli, / the son of Matthat, the son of Levi, the son of Melchi, the son of Jannai, the son of Joseph, / the son of Mattathias, the son of Amos, the son of Nahum, the son of Esli, the son of Naggai, ...

Acts 7:22
So Moses was educated in all the wisdom of the Egyptians and was powerful in speech and action.

Romans 9:4-5
the people of Israel. Theirs is the adoption as sons; theirs the divine glory and the covenants; theirs the giving of the law, the temple worship, and the promises. / Theirs are the patriarchs, and from them proceeds the human descent of Christ, who is God over all, forever worthy of praise! Amen.


Treasury of Scripture

And the sons of Ezra were, Jether, and Mered, and Epher, and Jalon: and she bore Miriam, and Shammai, and Ishbah the father of Eshtemoa.

Ezra.

1 Chronicles 4:16
And the sons of Jehaleleel; Ziph, and Ziphah, Tiria, and Asareel.

and she bare Miriam.

1 Chronicles 4:18
And his wife Jehudijah bare Jered the father of Gedor, and Heber the father of Socho, and Jekuthiel the father of Zanoah. And these are the sons of Bithiah the daughter of Pharaoh, which Mered took.

Eshtemoa.

1 Chronicles 4:19
And the sons of his wife Hodiah the sister of Naham, the father of Keilah the Garmite, and Eshtemoa the Maachathite.

1 Chronicles 6:57
And to the sons of Aaron they gave the cities of Judah, namely, Hebron, the city of refuge, and Libnah with her suburbs, and Jattir, and Eshtemoa, with their suburbs,

Joshua 15:50
And Anab, and Eshtemoh, and Anim,

Eshtemoh.

1 Chronicles 21:24
And king David said to Ornan, Nay; but I will verily buy it for the full price: for I will not take that which is thine for the LORD, nor offer burnt offerings without cost.

1 Samuel 30:28
And to them which were in Aroer, and to them which were in Siphmoth, and to them which were in Eshtemoa,

Jump to Previous
Bare Birth Bithiah Bore Conceived Daughter Epher Eshtemoa Ezra Jether Married Mered Miriam Mother Pharaoh Shammai Sham'mai Wife Wives
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Bare Birth Bithiah Bore Conceived Daughter Epher Eshtemoa Ezra Jether Married Mered Miriam Mother Pharaoh Shammai Sham'mai Wife Wives
1 Chronicles 4
1. The posterity of Judah by Caleb, the son of Hur.
5. Of Ashur, the posthumous son Hezron.
9. Of Jabez, and his prayer.
11. The other families of the same stock.
21. The sons of Shelah.
24. The posterity and cities of Simeon.
39. Their conquest of Gedor, and of the Amalekites in mount Seir.














The sons of Ezrah
The name "Ezrah" is derived from the Hebrew root "עֶזְרָה" (Ezrah), meaning "help" or "aid." This name reflects a common theme in the Bible where names often signify the character or destiny of individuals. In the context of 1 Chronicles, the genealogies serve to establish the identity and heritage of the tribes of Israel, emphasizing the continuity of God's covenant with His people. Ezrah's lineage is part of the broader narrative of God's faithfulness to His promises.

Jether
The name "Jether" comes from the Hebrew "יֶתֶר" (Yether), meaning "abundance" or "excellence." This name suggests a person of notable qualities or potential. In the genealogical records, each name carries significance, often pointing to the roles these individuals or their descendants played in the unfolding account of Israel. Jether's inclusion in the genealogy highlights the importance of each family line in the tapestry of God's redemptive plan.

Mered
"Mered" is derived from the Hebrew "מֶרֶד" (Mered), meaning "rebellion" or "to rebel." This name might seem negative, yet it serves as a reminder of the complex nature of human character and the grace of God that works through imperfect people. The mention of Mered in the genealogy underscores the reality that God's purposes are fulfilled through both the faithful and the flawed.

Epher
The name "Epher" comes from the Hebrew "עֵפֶר" (Epher), meaning "a calf" or "young deer." This name may symbolize strength and vitality, attributes valued in the ancient Near Eastern culture. Epher's presence in the genealogy reflects the diversity of gifts and characteristics within the community of God's people, each contributing uniquely to the nation's history.

Jalon
"Jalon" is derived from the Hebrew "יָלוֹן" (Yalon), meaning "to tarry" or "to dwell." This name suggests a sense of stability or permanence. In the context of the genealogies, it may indicate the enduring legacy of the family line. Jalon's mention serves as a reminder of the enduring nature of God's promises and the lasting impact of faithfulness across generations.

And Mered’s wife gave birth
This phrase highlights the role of women in the genealogical records, often overlooked in ancient texts. The mention of Mered's wife emphasizes the importance of women in the continuation of family lines and the fulfillment of God's covenant promises. It serves as a testament to the integral role women played in the history of Israel.

Miriam
The name "Miriam" is derived from the Hebrew "מִרְיָם" (Miryam), meaning "bitterness" or "rebellion." Miriam is a significant biblical name, most famously borne by the sister of Moses and Aaron. Her inclusion here may suggest a connection to the broader narrative of Israel's deliverance and journey to the Promised Land, symbolizing hope and redemption even in times of hardship.

Shammai
"Shammai" comes from the Hebrew "שַׁמַּי" (Shammai), meaning "desolate" or "astonishment." This name may reflect the challenges and trials faced by the people of Israel. Shammai's inclusion in the genealogy serves as a reminder of God's presence and provision even in desolate times, offering hope and assurance of His faithfulness.

Ishbah the father of Eshtemoa
"Ishbah" is derived from the Hebrew "יִשְׁבָּח" (Yishbah), meaning "he will praise." This name signifies a life dedicated to worship and acknowledgment of God's sovereignty. "Eshtemoa" is a location in Judah, known for its Levitical connections. The mention of Ishbah as the father of Eshtemoa highlights the importance of spiritual leadership and the role of worship in the life of the community, pointing to the centrality of God in the identity and mission of His people.

(17) And the sons of Ezra.--Heb., son, but some MSS. have sons (see Note on 1Chronicles 3:19; 1Chronicles 3:21). Ezra means help = Ezer, 1Chronicles 4:4.

Jether occurred 1Chronicles 2:32, as a Jerahmeelite.

Epher recurs 1Chronicles 5:24, as a Manassite name. . . .

Verses 17, 18. - From the tangle of these verses it is hopeless to attempt any certain conclusions. The fact of the antithesis of the Jewess wife (by some assigned as wife to Ezra), and the presumably Egyptian wife mentioned in the latter verse, is perhaps just enough in the general obscurity to suggest that Mered, the asserted husband of the latter, is to be understood as the husband of the former also But to compass so much as this, we have to overlook omission in ver. 17 and inversion in ver. 18. There is a tone about the verses, due to names they contain, that might suggest to us the times of Egypt and Moses, and traditions in keeping do not fail to come to view in Jerome ('Quaestiones,' etc.; see also art. "Meted," Smith's 'Bible Dictionary'). The four places, Eshtemoa, Gedor, Socho, Zanoah, may all with tolerable confidence be identified in Joshua 15:48-58, as of the number of the cities "in the mountains," though Zanoah and Socho are found also "in the valley" (Joshua 15:33-36). In this passage the Septuagint gives us no help, but betrays its own perplexity, offering to make Jether the father of Miriam; while the Syriac and Arabic versions simply skip the verses as incoherent.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
The sons
וּבֶן־ (ū·ḇen-)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 1121: A son

of Ezrah:
עֶזְרָ֔ה (‘ez·rāh)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 5834: Ezrah -- 'help', a man in Judah

Jether,
יֶ֥תֶר (ye·ṯer)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3500: Jether -- Moses' father-in-law, also the name of several Israelites

Mered,
וּמֶ֖רֶד (ū·me·reḏ)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 4778: Mered -- a man of Judah

Epher,
וְעֵ֣פֶר (wə·‘ê·p̄er)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 6081: Epher -- two Israelites, also a Midianite

and Jalon.
וְיָל֑וֹן (wə·yā·lō·wn)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3210: Jalon -- an Israelite

And Mered’s wife Bithiah gave birth to
וַתַּ֙הַר֙ (wat·ta·har)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine singular
Strong's 2029: To conceive, become pregnant

Miriam,
מִרְיָ֣ם (mir·yām)
Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 4813: Miriam -- a sister of Aaron, also a man of Judah

Shammai,
שַׁמַּ֔י (šam·may)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 8060: Shammai -- three men of Israel

and Ishbah
יִשְׁבָּ֖ח (yiš·bāḥ)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3431: Ishbah -- a man of Judah

the father
אֲבִ֥י (’ă·ḇî)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 1: Father

of Eshtemoa.
אֶשְׁתְּמֹֽעַ׃ (’eš·tə·mō·a‘)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 851: Eshtemoa -- a man of Judah, also a city in Judah


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OT History: 1 Chronicles 4:17 The sons of Ezrah: Jether and Mered (1 Chron. 1Ch iCh i Ch 1 chr 1chr)
1 Chronicles 4:16
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