Jerusalem’s Final Warning 1“Run for cover, O sons of Benjamin; flee from Jerusalem! Sound the ram’s horn in Tekoa; send up a signal over Beth-haccherem, for disaster looms from the north, 2Though she is beautiful and delicate, I will destroy the Daughter of Zion.a 3Shepherds and their flocks will come against her; they will pitch their tents all around her, 4‘Prepare for battle against her; rise up, let us attack at noon. Woe to us, for the daylight is fading; the evening shadows grow long. 5Rise up, let us attack by night 6For this is what the LORD of Hosts says: “Cut down the trees and raise a siege ramp against Jerusalem. This city must be punished; there is nothing but oppression in her midst. 7As a well gushes its water, so she pours out her evil. Violence and destruction resound in her; sickness and wounds are ever before Me. 8Be forewarned, O Jerusalem, or I will turn away from you; I will make you a desolation, 9This is what the LORD of Hosts says: “Glean the remnant of Israel as thoroughly as a vine. Pass your hand once more like a grape gatherer 10To whom can I give this warning? Who will listen to me? Look, their ears are closed,b so they cannot hear. See, the word of the LORD has become offensive to them; 11But I am full of the LORD’s wrath; I am tired of holding it back. “Pour it out on the children in the street, and on the young men gathered together. For both husband and wife will be captured, the old and the very old alike. 12Their houses will be turned over to others, their fields and wives as well, for I will stretch out My hand against the inhabitants of the land,” 13“For from the least of them to the greatest, all are greedy for gain; from prophet to priest, 14They dress the wound of My people with very little care, saying, ‘Peace, peace,’ when there is no peace at all. 15Are they ashamed of the abomination they have committed? No, they have no shame at all; they do not even know how to blush. So they will fall among the fallen; when I punish them, they will collapse,” 16This is what the LORD says: “Stand at the crossroads and look. Ask for the ancient paths: ‘Where is the good way?’ Then walk in it, and you will find rest for your souls. But they said, ‘We will not walk in it!’ 17I appointed watchmen over you and said, ‘Listen for the sound of the ram’s horn.’ But they answered, ‘We will not listen!’ 18Therefore hear, O nations, and learn, O congregations, 19Hear, O earth! I am bringing disaster on this people, the fruit of their own schemes, because they have paid no attention to My word and have rejected My instruction. 20What use to Me is frankincense from Sheba or sweet cane from a distant land? Your burnt offerings are not acceptable; your sacrifices do not please Me.” 21Therefore this is what the LORD says: “I will lay stumbling blocks before this people; fathers and sons alike will be staggered; friends and neighbors will perish.” An Invasion from the North 22This is what the LORD says: “Behold, an army is coming from the land of the north; a great nation is stirred up 23They grasp the bow and spear;c they are cruel and merciless. Their voice roars like the sea, and they ride upon horses, lined up like men in formation against you, O Daughter of Zion.” 24We have heard the report; our hands hang limp. Anguish has gripped us, pain like that of a woman in labor. 25Do not go out to the fields; do not walk the road. For the enemy has a sword; 26O daughter of my people, dress yourselves in sackcloth and roll in ashes. Mourn with bitter wailing, as you would for an only son, for suddenly the destroyer 27“I have appointed you to examine My people like ore,d so you may know and try their ways. 28All are hardened rebels, walking around as slanderers. They are bronze and iron; 29The bellows blow fiercely, blasting away the lead with fire. The refining proceeds in vain, for the wicked are not purged. 30They are called rejected silver, because the LORD has rejected them.” Footnotes: 2 a Or To a lovely and delicate woman I have likened the Daughter of Zion 10 b Hebrew uncircumcised 23 c Or javelin 27 d Or to examine My people, a fortress Berean Standard Bible (BSB) printed 2016, 2020, 2022, 2025 by Bible Hub and Berean.Bible. Produced in cooperation with Bible Hub, Discovery Bible, unfoldingWord, Bible Aquifer, OpenBible.com, and the Berean Bible Translation Committee. This text of God's Word has been dedicated to the public domain. Free downloads and unlimited usage available. See also the Berean Literal Bible and Berean Interlinear Bible. Bible Hub Jeremiah 6 Summary Jerusalem's Final WarningVerses 1–5 – Alarm from the North Verses 6–8 – City under Siege Verses 9–15 – Harvest of Judgment Verses 16–21 – Rejected Pathways Verses 22–26 – Army from Far Lands Verses 27–30 – Smelting the Nation Jeremiah Chapter 6 paints a solemn picture of a divine warning unheeded, with the impending doom of Judah and Jerusalem at the forefront. The chapter depicts God's desperate calls for His people to repent, their stubborn resistance, and the impending judgment due to their rebellion. It reveals the tension between divine justice and mercy, a narrative etched with the heartache of a God whose children have strayed far from His path. Historical Setting • Timeframe – Jeremiah prophesies during the final decades of Judah (approximately 626–586 BC). Chapter 6 falls under King Jehoiakim or early Zedekiah, as Babylon’s threat intensifies. • Northern Invader – “From the north” (6:1,22) matches the Babylonian approach route following the Fertile Crescent. Assyria once used the same corridor; the pattern of judgment repeats. • Benjamin’s Towns – Tekoa and Beth-hakkerem (6:1) sit south of Jerusalem, highlighting the urgency. When southern outposts must flee northward, danger is truly near. • Siege Methods – Verse 6 shows attackers cutting trees for ramps—verified by Assyrian and Babylonian reliefs depicting earthen mounds pressed against walls. Literary Flow 1. Alarm (vv 1–5) 2. Siege Orders (vv 6–8) 3. Diagnostic Oracles (vv 9–15) 4. Covenant Lawsuit (vv 16–21) 5. Terror Portrait (vv 22–26) 6. Smelting Metaphor (vv 27–30) The arrangement moves from warning to moral examination, then to the inevitable outcome. Key Themes and Messages • Impending Judgment – God’s patience has limits; refusal to repent invites real-world consequences (cf. Deuteronomy 28:49–52). • Futility of Empty Religion – Ritual cannot replace righteousness (6:20; Isaiah 1:11–17). • The Old Paths – Guidance grounded in God’s revealed way brings rest (6:16; Psalm 119:105; Matthew 11:29). • Prophetic Integrity – True prophets wound before they heal, unlike false voices whispering “All will be well” (6:14; Ezekiel 13:10). Archaeological Insights • Lachish Letters – Fired-clay fragments from 586 BC mention watching for “fire signals from Lachish” that never come. Judah’s defenses, like Jeremiah’s alarm, were collapsing city by city. • Babylonian Chronicles – Nebuchadnezzar’s records list his 597 BC campaign against Jerusalem, matching Jeremiah’s timeline. • Smelting Imagery – Excavated furnaces in the Shephelah show lead-silver separation, clarifying the metaphor: constant heat, yet no pure metal appears. Prophetic Imagery Explained • “Daughter of Zion” (6:23) – A tender title emphasizing vulnerability. • “Shepherds” setting camp (6:3) – Military leaders grazing on Judah’s territory. • Sackcloth Ashes (6:26) – Visible mourning; Ninevites used the same sign (Jonah 3:5–6). • Bellows and Lead (6:29) – Lead was added to draw out impurities. Even with extreme heat, Judah stays impure, so the refiner rejects the entire batch. Connections to Other Scriptures • 6:13–14 ↔ Micah 3:11—Leaders taking bribes while prophesying peace. • 6:16 ↔ Isaiah 30:15—“In quietness and trust is your strength, but you were not willing.” • 6:23 ↔ Revelation 9:9—Warriors with noise “like chariots” rushing into battle. • 6:27–30 ↔ Malachi 3:2–3—The LORD as refiner, purifying His people. Echoes in the New Testament • Empty worship condemned (6:20) mirrors Jesus’ words, “First clean the inside” (Matthew 23:25–28). • Stumbling blocks (6:21) anticipate Romans 9:32–33, where unbelieving Israel stumbles over the Messiah. Practical Applications • Warning Sirens Matter – Ignoring godly counsel invites loss. • Authenticity over Appearance – Offerings, service, and music ring hollow without an obedient heart. • Seek the Ancient Paths – Scripture remains the reliable map when modern voices conflict. • Discern Leadership – Measure teachers by faithfulness to God’s word, not soothing promises. The Prophet’s Heart Jeremiah does not relish disaster; he mourns (6:11,26). True ministry feels the weight of people’s pain while still declaring uncomfortable truth. Key Hebrew Word Snapshot • “Shalom” (peace) in 6:14 conveys wholeness. Declaring shalom without transformation is counterfeit. • “Naphach” (blow) in 6:29 pictures stoking a fire—relentless effort God expends to purify. Overview for Today Jeremiah 6 stands as a siren across centuries: heed God’s warning, walk ancient paths, and embrace whole-hearted obedience. When society drifts, the LORD still refines, still calls, and still offers rest for all who return. Connections to Additional Scriptures Proverbs 1:24-33Highlights the consequences of ignoring wisdom and the importance of heeding God's counsel. Ezekiel 33:7-9 Emphasizes the responsibility of the watchman to warn the people, similar to Jeremiah's role. Matthew 7:13-14 Jesus speaks of the narrow path that leads to life, echoing the call to seek the ancient paths in Jeremiah 6:16. Hebrews 3:7-8 Warns against hardening our hearts and encourages us to listen to God's voice today. Teaching Points The Call to AttentionJeremiah 6:1-2 opens with a call for the people of Benjamin to flee from Jerusalem, highlighting the urgency and seriousness of the impending disaster. This serves as a reminder that God's warnings are not to be taken lightly. The Consequences of Disobedience Verses 6-8 describe the siege and destruction that will come upon Jerusalem due to their wickedness. This illustrates the inevitable consequences of persistent sin and rebellion against God. The Rejection of God's Word In verse 10, the people are described as having uncircumcised ears, unable to listen to God's word. This metaphor emphasizes the spiritual deafness and hard-heartedness that can result from ignoring God's voice. The Call to Repentance Despite the dire warnings, verse 16 offers a glimmer of hope, urging the people to stand at the crossroads and look; ask for the ancient paths, where the good way is, and walk in it. This highlights God's desire for His people to return to Him and find rest for their souls. The Role of the Prophet Jeremiah's role as a prophet is to faithfully deliver God's message, even when it is unpopular or ignored. This underscores the importance of speaking truth in love, regardless of the response. Practical Applications Heed God's WarningsJust as Jerusalem was warned, we must be attentive to God's voice in our lives, whether through Scripture, prayer, or the counsel of godly individuals. Examine Our Hearts Reflect on areas of disobedience or spiritual deafness in our lives and seek God's forgiveness and guidance to walk in His ways. Seek the Ancient Paths In a world full of distractions and new ideologies, prioritize the timeless truths of God's Word and strive to live according to His principles. Be Faithful Messengers Like Jeremiah, be willing to share God's truth with others, even when it is difficult or counter-cultural. People 1. The People of BenjaminThe chapter opens with a call to the people of Benjamin to flee from Jerusalem (Jeremiah 6:1). The tribe of Benjamin was one of the twelve tribes of Israel, and they were closely associated with the southern kingdom of Judah, where Jerusalem was located. 2. The Daughter of Zion This term is used metaphorically to refer to the inhabitants of Jerusalem (Jeremiah 6:2). In Hebrew, "Daughter of Zion" (בַּת־צִיּוֹן, Bat-Tsiyon) is a poetic expression often used to personify the city and its people. 3. The Shepherds and Their Flocks These are the invading leaders and their armies who are set to attack Jerusalem (Jeremiah 6:3). The imagery of shepherds and flocks is used to describe the organized and determined nature of the approaching threat. 4. The House of Israel This term refers to the collective people of Israel, emphasizing their covenant relationship with God (Jeremiah 6:9). In this context, it highlights the broader community beyond just Judah and Benjamin. 5. The Prophet Jeremiah While not directly named in this chapter, Jeremiah is the speaker and the one delivering God's message. He is a major prophet in the Old Testament, known for his warnings to Judah about impending judgment due to their unfaithfulness. Places 1. BenjaminThis refers to the tribe of Benjamin, one of the twelve tribes of Israel. The passage calls for the people of Benjamin to flee from Jerusalem, indicating impending danger. The Hebrew root for Benjamin is "בִּנְיָמִין" (Binyamin), meaning "son of the right hand." 2. Tekoa A town in Judah, south of Jerusalem, known for its strategic location. The text suggests sounding the trumpet in Tekoa as a warning. The Hebrew root is "תְּקוֹעַ" (Teko'a), which may relate to the idea of pitching a tent or setting up camp. 3. Beth-haccherem This is a location near Jerusalem, possibly a hill or a vineyard. The name means "house of the vineyard" in Hebrew, "בֵּית הַכֶּרֶם" (Beit HaKerem). It is mentioned as a place to raise a signal fire. 4. Zion Often used to refer to Jerusalem or the hill upon which the city is built. Zion is a central place in biblical prophecy and theology, representing the spiritual and political heart of Israel. The Hebrew root is "צִיּוֹן" (Tziyon). 5. Jerusalem The capital city of Judah and a significant spiritual center in the Bible. It is the focal point of the warnings in Jeremiah 6. The Hebrew root is "יְרוּשָׁלַיִם" (Yerushalayim), meaning "foundation of peace." Events 1. Warning to the People of BenjaminThe chapter begins with a call to the people of Benjamin to flee from Jerusalem. The trumpet is sounded in Tekoa, and a signal is raised over Beth-haccherem, indicating imminent danger (Jeremiah 6:1). The Hebrew root for "flee" (נוס, nus) emphasizes urgency and escape. 2. Destruction from the North God warns of a great disaster coming from the north, a reference to the Babylonian invasion. This is described as a "beautiful and delicate" daughter of Zion being destroyed (Jeremiah 6:2-3). The imagery underscores the vulnerability and impending judgment on Jerusalem. 3. Siege and Attack The invaders are depicted as shepherds with their flocks, setting up tents around Jerusalem and preparing for battle (Jeremiah 6:3-4). The Hebrew term for "shepherds" (רֹעִים, ro'im) metaphorically represents leaders or rulers leading the attack. 4. Desolation Proclaimed God declares that Jerusalem will be cut down like a tree and left desolate because of her wickedness (Jeremiah 6:6-7). The Hebrew word for "desolate" (שָׁמֵם, shamem) conveys utter devastation and ruin. 5. Call to Repentance Ignored Despite repeated warnings, the people refuse to listen to God's call for repentance. Their ears are described as uncircumcised, meaning they are spiritually deaf (Jeremiah 6:10). The Hebrew root for "uncircumcised" (עָרֵל, arel) signifies impurity and disobedience. 6. God's Wrath and Rejection God expresses His wrath against the people for their continuous rebellion and idolatry. He rejects their offerings and sacrifices, indicating that external rituals are meaningless without true obedience (Jeremiah 6:11-20). 7. The Path of the Ancients The Lord advises the people to seek the ancient paths and walk in the good way, promising rest for their souls. However, they refuse to follow this guidance (Jeremiah 6:16). The "ancient paths" symbolize the timeless truths and commandments of God. 8. Watchmen's Warning Ignored God appoints watchmen to sound the alarm, but the people refuse to heed their warnings. This highlights their stubbornness and spiritual blindness (Jeremiah 6:17). 9. Judgment Announced God declares that He will bring disaster upon the people as a consequence of their evil deeds. The imagery of a refining process is used, but the people are described as rejected silver, indicating their failure to be purified (Jeremiah 6:27-30). Topics 1. Impending Destruction of JerusalemJeremiah 6 opens with a warning about the coming destruction of Jerusalem. The prophet calls the people to flee from the city due to the impending disaster. The Hebrew word for "disaster" (רָעָה, ra'ah) emphasizes the severity of the coming judgment. ^"Flee for safety, O children of Benjamin, flee from Jerusalem!"^ (Jeremiah 6:1). 2. The Siege and Its Consequences The chapter describes the siege laid against Jerusalem, highlighting the relentless nature of the attackers. The imagery of shepherds and their flocks surrounding the city underscores the inevitability of the siege. ^"Shepherds and their flocks will come against her; they will pitch their tents all around her, each tending his own portion."^ (Jeremiah 6:3). 3. Call to Repentance Despite the dire warnings, there is a call for repentance. The prophet urges the people to heed the warning and return to the ways of righteousness. The Hebrew root שׁוּב (shuv), meaning "to return" or "repent," is central to this call. ^"This is what the LORD says: 'Stand at the crossroads and look; ask for the ancient paths, where the good way is, and walk in it. Then you will find rest for your souls.'"^ (Jeremiah 6:16). 4. Rejection of God's Law The people's rejection of God's law and their refusal to listen to His prophets is a recurring theme. This disobedience is portrayed as a direct cause of the coming judgment. ^"But they said, 'We will not walk in it.' I appointed watchmen over you and said, 'Listen to the sound of the trumpet!' But they said, 'We will not listen.'"^ (Jeremiah 6:16-17). 5. Corruption and Deceit The chapter highlights the corruption and deceit prevalent among the leaders and prophets. Their false assurances of peace are contrasted with the reality of impending doom. ^"They dress the wound of My people with very little care, saying, 'Peace, peace,' when there is no peace at all."^ (Jeremiah 6:14). 6. God's Wrath and Judgment The inevitability of God's wrath and judgment is emphasized. The imagery of a refining process is used to describe how God will purify His people through judgment. ^"Therefore this is what the LORD of Hosts says: 'I will refine them and test them, for what else can I do because of the daughter of My people?'"^ (Jeremiah 6:27). 7. The Consequences of Disobedience The chapter concludes with a stark reminder of the consequences of disobedience. The people are likened to rejected silver, emphasizing their failure to meet God's standards. ^"They are called rejected silver, because the LORD has rejected them."^ (Jeremiah 6:30). Themes 1. Impending JudgmentJeremiah 6 emphasizes the theme of impending judgment on Jerusalem due to the people's persistent sin and rebellion. The chapter opens with a call to flee from the city because of the coming disaster: "Flee for safety, O children of Benjamin, from the midst of Jerusalem!" (Jeremiah 6:1). The Hebrew word for "disaster" (רָעָה, ra'ah) conveys a sense of calamity and evil that is imminent. 2. Corruption and Wickedness The chapter highlights the pervasive corruption and wickedness among the people and leaders of Jerusalem. "For from the least of them to the greatest, all are greedy for gain; from prophet to priest, all practice deceit" (Jeremiah 6:13). The Hebrew term for "deceit" (שֶׁקֶר, sheker) indicates falsehood and treachery, underscoring the moral decay. 3. False Security and Complacency A theme of false security and complacency is evident as the people believe they are safe despite their disobedience. "They dress the wound of My people with very little care, saying, ‘Peace, peace,’ when there is no peace" (Jeremiah 6:14). The repetition of "peace" (שָׁלוֹם, shalom) ironically highlights the absence of true peace and security. 4. Call to Repentance Despite the dire warnings, there is a call to repentance and a return to the ancient paths of righteousness. "This is what the LORD says: ‘Stand at the crossroads and look; ask for the ancient paths, where the good way is, and walk in it, and you will find rest for your souls’" (Jeremiah 6:16). The Hebrew word for "rest" (מַרְגּוֹעַ, margoa) suggests tranquility and relief that come from following God's ways. 5. Divine Wrath and Rejection The theme of divine wrath and rejection is prominent as God expresses His anger towards the unrepentant nation. "Therefore this is what the LORD says: ‘I will lay stumbling blocks before this people; fathers and sons alike will be staggered; neighbors and friends will perish’" (Jeremiah 6:21). The Hebrew term for "stumbling blocks" (מִכְשׁוֹל, mikshol) symbolizes obstacles that lead to downfall due to disobedience. 6. The Role of the Prophet Jeremiah's role as a prophet is underscored as he delivers God's message of warning and judgment. "To whom can I speak and give warning? Who will listen to me? Their ears are closed so they cannot hear" (Jeremiah 6:10). The Hebrew word for "closed" (עָרֵל, arel) implies an uncircumcised or obstructed state, indicating the people's spiritual deafness. 7. Inevitability of Destruction The inevitability of destruction is a recurring theme, as the chapter concludes with a vivid depiction of the coming devastation. "O daughter of my people, put on sackcloth and roll in ashes. Mourn as for an only son, a most bitter lamentation, for suddenly the destroyer will come upon us" (Jeremiah 6:26). The Hebrew word for "destroyer" (שׁוֹדֵד, shoded) conveys the sense of a violent and overwhelming force. Answering Tough Questions 1. How can Jeremiah 6:1 claim impending doom on Jerusalem without historical evidence of such a massive catastrophe at that specific time? Bible Study Discussion Questions 1. What does the imagery of a "city of beautiful homes" losing its beauty teach about the consequences of disobedience? 2. How does the divine judgment pronounced on Jerusalem relate to the concept of divine justice? 3. In what ways might the modern church be similar to the people of Judah in rejecting God's word? 4. How can we recognize and avoid the 'false peace' that the people of Judah were misled by? 5. How does the call to the "old paths" in verse 16 apply to your spiritual journey? 6. How does the recurring theme of "unheeded warnings" reflect in our personal lives and societal issues today? 7. What does the reaction of the people of Judah to God's warnings teach about human nature? 8. How can we ensure our sacrifices and offerings to God are not just ceremonial but acceptable to Him? 9. In what ways might we be ignoring God's call to repentance in our personal lives? 10. How does the notion of God laying "stumbling blocks" reconcile with His nature as a loving God? 11. What lessons can we learn from the negative response of the people of Judah to Jeremiah's prophecy? 12. How does the imagery of the "rejected silver" apply to the church today? 13. How can we actively strive to internalize God's teachings instead of merely hearing them? 14. What can we learn from the people of Judah's reaction to God's repeated calls for repentance? 15. How can we cultivate an authentic righteousness that goes beyond external religious rituals? 16. How does Jeremiah's unyielding commitment to delivering God's message inspire you in your faith journey? 17. How do you respond when faced with spiritual warnings and what can you do to better heed these warnings? 18. How does the narrative of Jeremiah 6 challenge our understanding of repentance and redemption? 19. How can the story of the impending siege of Jerusalem guide your reactions to prophetic warnings in the current world? 20. In what ways does the story of Judah's unheeded call to repentance inform your understanding of consequences and personal responsibility? Bible Hub Chapter Summaries and Bible Study Questions |




